Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Current Atherosclerosis Reports 7/2016

01.07.2016 | Clinical Trials and Their Interpretations (J. Kizer, Section Editor)

Endovascular Interventions in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Recent Evidence, Current Challenges, and Future Prospects

verfasst von: Ramana Appireddy, Charlotte Zerna, Bijoy K Menon, Mayank Goyal

Erschienen in: Current Atherosclerosis Reports | Ausgabe 7/2016

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

After many years of clinical research, endovascular thrombectomy has been conclusively proven to be an effective treatment in acute ischemic stroke. The evidence is compelling; however, it is generated in high volume stroke centers with stroke expertise. Challenges remain ahead on translating and implementing this evidence in routine clinical care across the world. The current evidence has opened up avenues for further research and innovation in this field. In this review, we will discuss the evolution of evidence on endovascular thrombectomy followed by a discussion of challenges and future prospects in this exciting field of stroke care.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Berkhemer OA, Fransen PS, Beumer D, et al. A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(1):11–20.CrossRefPubMed Berkhemer OA, Fransen PS, Beumer D, et al. A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(1):11–20.CrossRefPubMed
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Campbell BC, Mitchell PJ, Kleinig TJ, et al. Endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke with perfusion-imaging selection. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(11):1009–18.CrossRefPubMed Campbell BC, Mitchell PJ, Kleinig TJ, et al. Endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke with perfusion-imaging selection. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(11):1009–18.CrossRefPubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Goyal M, Demchuk AM, Menon BK, et al. Randomized assessment of rapid endovascular treatment of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(11):1019–30.CrossRefPubMed Goyal M, Demchuk AM, Menon BK, et al. Randomized assessment of rapid endovascular treatment of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(11):1019–30.CrossRefPubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Jovin TG, Chamorro A, Cobo E, et al. Thrombectomy within 8 h after symptom onset in ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(24):2296–306.CrossRefPubMed Jovin TG, Chamorro A, Cobo E, et al. Thrombectomy within 8 h after symptom onset in ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(24):2296–306.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Saver JL, Goyal M, Bonafe A, et al. Stent-retriever thrombectomy after intravenous t-PA vs. t-PA alone in stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(24):2285–95.CrossRefPubMed Saver JL, Goyal M, Bonafe A, et al. Stent-retriever thrombectomy after intravenous t-PA vs. t-PA alone in stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(24):2285–95.CrossRefPubMed
6.••
Zurück zum Zitat Goyal M, Menon BK, van Zwam WH, et al. Endovascular thrombectomy after large-vessel ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from five randomised trials. Lancet. 2016. Recent individual patient level metaanalysis of the 5 RCT’s published by the HERMES collaboration. Goyal M, Menon BK, van Zwam WH, et al. Endovascular thrombectomy after large-vessel ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from five randomised trials. Lancet. 2016. Recent individual patient level metaanalysis of the 5 RCT’s published by the HERMES collaboration.
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Lewandowski CA, Frankel M, Tomsick TA, et al. Combined intravenous and intra-arterial r-TPA versus intra-arterial therapy of acute ischemic stroke: Emergency Management of Stroke (EMS) bridging trial. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 1999;30(12):2598–605.CrossRef Lewandowski CA, Frankel M, Tomsick TA, et al. Combined intravenous and intra-arterial r-TPA versus intra-arterial therapy of acute ischemic stroke: Emergency Management of Stroke (EMS) bridging trial. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 1999;30(12):2598–605.CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Investigators IMSS. Combined intravenous and intra-arterial recanalization for acute ischemic stroke: the Interventional Management of Stroke Study. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2004;35(4):904–11.CrossRef Investigators IMSS. Combined intravenous and intra-arterial recanalization for acute ischemic stroke: the Interventional Management of Stroke Study. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2004;35(4):904–11.CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Investigators IIT. The Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS) II Study. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2007;38(7):2127–35.CrossRef Investigators IIT. The Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS) II Study. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2007;38(7):2127–35.CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith WS, Sung G, Starkman S, et al. Safety and efficacy of mechanical embolectomy in acute ischemic stroke: results of the MERCI trial. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2005;36(7):1432–8.CrossRef Smith WS, Sung G, Starkman S, et al. Safety and efficacy of mechanical embolectomy in acute ischemic stroke: results of the MERCI trial. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2005;36(7):1432–8.CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith WS, Sung G, Saver J, et al. Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: final results of the Multi MERCI trial. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2008;39(4):1205–12.CrossRef Smith WS, Sung G, Saver J, et al. Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: final results of the Multi MERCI trial. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2008;39(4):1205–12.CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Penumbra Pivotal Stroke Trial I. The penumbra pivotal stroke trial: safety and effectiveness of a new generation of mechanical devices for clot removal in intracranial large vessel occlusive disease. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2009;40(8):2761–8.CrossRef Penumbra Pivotal Stroke Trial I. The penumbra pivotal stroke trial: safety and effectiveness of a new generation of mechanical devices for clot removal in intracranial large vessel occlusive disease. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2009;40(8):2761–8.CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Kidwell CS, Jahan R, Gornbein J, et al. A trial of imaging selection and endovascular treatment for ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(10):914–23.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kidwell CS, Jahan R, Gornbein J, et al. A trial of imaging selection and endovascular treatment for ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(10):914–23.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Broderick JP, Palesch YY, Demchuk AM, et al. Endovascular therapy after intravenous t-PA versus t-PA alone for stroke. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(10):893–903.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Broderick JP, Palesch YY, Demchuk AM, et al. Endovascular therapy after intravenous t-PA versus t-PA alone for stroke. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(10):893–903.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Khatri P, Yeatts SD, Mazighi M, et al. Time to angiographic reperfusion and clinical outcome after acute ischaemic stroke: an analysis of data from the Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS III) phase 3 trial. Lancet Neurol. 2014;13(6):567–74.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Khatri P, Yeatts SD, Mazighi M, et al. Time to angiographic reperfusion and clinical outcome after acute ischaemic stroke: an analysis of data from the Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS III) phase 3 trial. Lancet Neurol. 2014;13(6):567–74.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Menon BK, Almekhlafi MA, Pereira VM, et al. Optimal workflow and process-based performance measures for endovascular therapy in acute ischemic stroke: analysis of the Solitaire FR thrombectomy for acute revascularization study. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2014;45(7):2024–9.CrossRef Menon BK, Almekhlafi MA, Pereira VM, et al. Optimal workflow and process-based performance measures for endovascular therapy in acute ischemic stroke: analysis of the Solitaire FR thrombectomy for acute revascularization study. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2014;45(7):2024–9.CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Nambiar V, Sohn SI, Almekhlafi MA, et al. CTA collateral status and response to recanalization in patients with acute ischemic stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014;35(5):884–90.CrossRefPubMed Nambiar V, Sohn SI, Almekhlafi MA, et al. CTA collateral status and response to recanalization in patients with acute ischemic stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014;35(5):884–90.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Almekhlafi MA, Hockley A, Desai JA, et al. Overcoming the evening/weekend effects on time delays and outcomes of endovascular stroke therapy: the Calgary Stroke Program experience. J Neurointerventional Surg. 2014;6(10):729–32.CrossRef Almekhlafi MA, Hockley A, Desai JA, et al. Overcoming the evening/weekend effects on time delays and outcomes of endovascular stroke therapy: the Calgary Stroke Program experience. J Neurointerventional Surg. 2014;6(10):729–32.CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Hill MD, Demchuk AM, Goyal M, et al. Alberta Stroke Program early computed tomography score to select patients for endovascular treatment: Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS)-III Trial. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2014;45(2):444–9.CrossRef Hill MD, Demchuk AM, Goyal M, et al. Alberta Stroke Program early computed tomography score to select patients for endovascular treatment: Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS)-III Trial. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2014;45(2):444–9.CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Gupta R, Vora NA, Horowitz MB, et al. Multimodal reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke: factors predicting vessel recanalization. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2006;37(4):986–90.CrossRef Gupta R, Vora NA, Horowitz MB, et al. Multimodal reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke: factors predicting vessel recanalization. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2006;37(4):986–90.CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Levy EI, Ecker RD, Horowitz MB, et al. Stent-assisted intracranial recanalization for acute stroke: early results. Neurosurgery. 2006;58(3):458–63. Levy EI, Ecker RD, Horowitz MB, et al. Stent-assisted intracranial recanalization for acute stroke: early results. Neurosurgery. 2006;58(3):458–63.
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Saver JL, Jahan R, Levy EI, et al. Solitaire flow restoration device versus the Merci Retriever in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (SWIFT): a randomised, parallel-group, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2012;380(9849):1241–9.CrossRefPubMed Saver JL, Jahan R, Levy EI, et al. Solitaire flow restoration device versus the Merci Retriever in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (SWIFT): a randomised, parallel-group, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2012;380(9849):1241–9.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Nogueira RG, Lutsep HL, Gupta R, et al. Trevo versus Merci retrievers for thrombectomy revascularisation of large vessel occlusions in acute ischaemic stroke (TREVO 2): a randomised trial. Lancet. 2012;380(9849):1231–40.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Nogueira RG, Lutsep HL, Gupta R, et al. Trevo versus Merci retrievers for thrombectomy revascularisation of large vessel occlusions in acute ischaemic stroke (TREVO 2): a randomised trial. Lancet. 2012;380(9849):1231–40.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Brandler ES, Sharma M, Sinert RH, Levine SR. Prehospital stroke scales in urban environments: a systematic review. Neurology. 2014;82(24):2241–9.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Brandler ES, Sharma M, Sinert RH, Levine SR. Prehospital stroke scales in urban environments: a systematic review. Neurology. 2014;82(24):2241–9.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Nakae T, Kataoka H, Kuwata S, Iihara K. Smartphone-assisted prehospital medical information system for analyzing data on prehospital stroke care. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2014;45(5):1501–4.CrossRef Nakae T, Kataoka H, Kuwata S, Iihara K. Smartphone-assisted prehospital medical information system for analyzing data on prehospital stroke care. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2014;45(5):1501–4.CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Yperzeele L, Van Hooff RJ, De Smedt A, et al. Prehospital stroke care: limitations of current interventions and focus on new developments. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014;38(1):1–9.CrossRefPubMed Yperzeele L, Van Hooff RJ, De Smedt A, et al. Prehospital stroke care: limitations of current interventions and focus on new developments. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2014;38(1):1–9.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Barber PA, Demchuk AM, Zhang J, Buchan AM. Validity and reliability of a quantitative computed tomography score in predicting outcome of hyperacute stroke before thrombolytic therapy. ASPECTS Study Group. Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT Score. Lancet. 2000;355(9216):1670–4.CrossRefPubMed Barber PA, Demchuk AM, Zhang J, Buchan AM. Validity and reliability of a quantitative computed tomography score in predicting outcome of hyperacute stroke before thrombolytic therapy. ASPECTS Study Group. Alberta Stroke Programme Early CT Score. Lancet. 2000;355(9216):1670–4.CrossRefPubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Yoo AJ, Zaidat OO, Chaudhry ZA, et al. Impact of pretreatment noncontrast CT Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score on clinical outcome after intra-arterial stroke therapy. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2014;45(3):746–51.CrossRef Yoo AJ, Zaidat OO, Chaudhry ZA, et al. Impact of pretreatment noncontrast CT Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score on clinical outcome after intra-arterial stroke therapy. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2014;45(3):746–51.CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Hill MD, Demchuk AM, Tomsick TA, Palesch YY, Broderick JP. Using the baseline CT scan to select acute stroke patients for IV-IA therapy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1612–6.PubMed Hill MD, Demchuk AM, Tomsick TA, Palesch YY, Broderick JP. Using the baseline CT scan to select acute stroke patients for IV-IA therapy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2006;27(8):1612–6.PubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Hill MD, Rowley HA, Adler F, et al. Selection of acute ischemic stroke patients for intra-arterial thrombolysis with pro-urokinase by using ASPECTS. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2003;34(8):1925–31.CrossRef Hill MD, Rowley HA, Adler F, et al. Selection of acute ischemic stroke patients for intra-arterial thrombolysis with pro-urokinase by using ASPECTS. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2003;34(8):1925–31.CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Menon BK, Puetz V, Kochar P, Demchuk AM. ASPECTS and other neuroimaging scores in the triage and prediction of outcome in acute stroke patients. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2011;21(2):407–23. xii.CrossRefPubMed Menon BK, Puetz V, Kochar P, Demchuk AM. ASPECTS and other neuroimaging scores in the triage and prediction of outcome in acute stroke patients. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2011;21(2):407–23. xii.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Demchuk AM, Goyal M, Yeatts SD, et al. Recanalization and clinical outcome of occlusion sites at baseline CT angiography in the Interventional Management of Stroke III trial. Radiology. 2014;273(1):202–10.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Demchuk AM, Goyal M, Yeatts SD, et al. Recanalization and clinical outcome of occlusion sites at baseline CT angiography in the Interventional Management of Stroke III trial. Radiology. 2014;273(1):202–10.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Mishra SM, Dykeman J, Sajobi TT, et al. Early reperfusion rates with IV tPA are determined by CTA clot characteristics. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014;35(12):2265–72.CrossRefPubMed Mishra SM, Dykeman J, Sajobi TT, et al. Early reperfusion rates with IV tPA are determined by CTA clot characteristics. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014;35(12):2265–72.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Liebeskind DS. Collaterals in acute stroke: beyond the clot. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2005;15(3):553–73. x.CrossRefPubMed Liebeskind DS. Collaterals in acute stroke: beyond the clot. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2005;15(3):553–73. x.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Liebeskind DS, Tomsick TA, Foster LD, et al. Collaterals at angiography and outcomes in the Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS) III trial. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2014;45(3):759–64.CrossRef Liebeskind DS, Tomsick TA, Foster LD, et al. Collaterals at angiography and outcomes in the Interventional Management of Stroke (IMS) III trial. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2014;45(3):759–64.CrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Campbell BC, Christensen S, Levi CR, et al. Cerebral blood flow is the optimal CT perfusion parameter for assessing infarct core. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2011;42(12):3435–40.CrossRef Campbell BC, Christensen S, Levi CR, et al. Cerebral blood flow is the optimal CT perfusion parameter for assessing infarct core. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2011;42(12):3435–40.CrossRef
39.•
Zurück zum Zitat d’Esterre CD, Boesen ME, Ahn SH, et al. Time-dependent computed tomographic perfusion thresholds for patients with acute ischemic stroke. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2015;46(12):3390–7. The work highlights new understanding of the CT perfusion thresholds in acute ischemic stroke.CrossRef d’Esterre CD, Boesen ME, Ahn SH, et al. Time-dependent computed tomographic perfusion thresholds for patients with acute ischemic stroke. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2015;46(12):3390–7. The work highlights new understanding of the CT perfusion thresholds in acute ischemic stroke.CrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Goyal M, Almekhlafi MA, Fan L, et al. Evaluation of interval times from onset to reperfusion in patients undergoing endovascular therapy in the Interventional Management of Stroke III trial. Circulation. 2014;130(3):265–72.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Goyal M, Almekhlafi MA, Fan L, et al. Evaluation of interval times from onset to reperfusion in patients undergoing endovascular therapy in the Interventional Management of Stroke III trial. Circulation. 2014;130(3):265–72.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Mocco J, Fargen KM, Goyal M, et al. Neurothrombectomy trial results: stroke systems, not just devices, make the difference. Int J Stroke: Off J Int Stroke Soc. 2015;10(7):990–3.CrossRef Mocco J, Fargen KM, Goyal M, et al. Neurothrombectomy trial results: stroke systems, not just devices, make the difference. Int J Stroke: Off J Int Stroke Soc. 2015;10(7):990–3.CrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Adams Jr HP, Biller J. Future of subspecialty training in vascular neurology. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2014;45(12):3730–3.CrossRef Adams Jr HP, Biller J. Future of subspecialty training in vascular neurology. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2014;45(12):3730–3.CrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Leira EC, Kaskie B, Froehler MT, Adams Jr HP. The growing shortage of vascular neurologists in the era of health reform: planning is brain! Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2013;44(3):822–7.CrossRef Leira EC, Kaskie B, Froehler MT, Adams Jr HP. The growing shortage of vascular neurologists in the era of health reform: planning is brain! Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2013;44(3):822–7.CrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Zaidat OO, Lazzaro M, McGinley E, et al. Demand–supply of neurointerventionalists for endovascular ischemic stroke therapy. Neurology. 2012;79(13 Suppl 1):S35–41.CrossRefPubMed Zaidat OO, Lazzaro M, McGinley E, et al. Demand–supply of neurointerventionalists for endovascular ischemic stroke therapy. Neurology. 2012;79(13 Suppl 1):S35–41.CrossRefPubMed
45.•
Zurück zum Zitat Lavine SD, Cockroft K, Hoh B, et al. Training guidelines for endovascular ischemic stroke intervention: an international multi-society consensus document. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2016. These are international expert group recommendations for endovascular stroke intervention training and skill maintance. Lavine SD, Cockroft K, Hoh B, et al. Training guidelines for endovascular ischemic stroke intervention: an international multi-society consensus document. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2016. These are international expert group recommendations for endovascular stroke intervention training and skill maintance.
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Emberson J, Lees KR, Lyden P, et al. Effect of treatment delay, age, and stroke severity on the effects of intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials. Lancet. 2014;384(9958):1929–35.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Emberson J, Lees KR, Lyden P, et al. Effect of treatment delay, age, and stroke severity on the effects of intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials. Lancet. 2014;384(9958):1929–35.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Furlan A, Higashida R, Wechsler L, et al. Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke. The PROACT II study: a randomized controlled trial. Prolyse in acute cerebral thromboembolism. JAMA: J Am Med Assoc. 1999;282(21):2003–11.CrossRef Furlan A, Higashida R, Wechsler L, et al. Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke. The PROACT II study: a randomized controlled trial. Prolyse in acute cerebral thromboembolism. JAMA: J Am Med Assoc. 1999;282(21):2003–11.CrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Alexandrov AV, Molina CA, Grotta JC, et al. Ultrasound-enhanced systemic thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(21):2170–8.CrossRefPubMed Alexandrov AV, Molina CA, Grotta JC, et al. Ultrasound-enhanced systemic thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(21):2170–8.CrossRefPubMed
49.•
Zurück zum Zitat Menon BK, Campbell BC, Levi C, Goyal M. Role of imaging in current acute ischemic stroke workflow for endovascular therapy. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2015;46(6):1453–61. This highlights the role of advanced imaging in patient selection for endovascular intervention.CrossRef Menon BK, Campbell BC, Levi C, Goyal M. Role of imaging in current acute ischemic stroke workflow for endovascular therapy. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2015;46(6):1453–61. This highlights the role of advanced imaging in patient selection for endovascular intervention.CrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Powers WJ, Derdeyn CP, Biller J, et al. 2015 American Heart Association/American Stroke Association focused update of the 2013 guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke regarding endovascular treatment: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2015;46(10):3020–35.CrossRef Powers WJ, Derdeyn CP, Biller J, et al. 2015 American Heart Association/American Stroke Association focused update of the 2013 guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke regarding endovascular treatment: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2015;46(10):3020–35.CrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Casaubon LK, Boulanger JM, Blacquiere D, et al. Canadian stroke best practice recommendations: hyperacute stroke care guidelines, update 2015. Int J Stroke: Off J Int Stroke Soc. 2015;10(6):924–40.CrossRef Casaubon LK, Boulanger JM, Blacquiere D, et al. Canadian stroke best practice recommendations: hyperacute stroke care guidelines, update 2015. Int J Stroke: Off J Int Stroke Soc. 2015;10(6):924–40.CrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Saqqur M, Uchino K, Demchuk AM, et al. Site of arterial occlusion identified by transcranial Doppler predicts the response to intravenous thrombolysis for stroke. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2007;38(3):948–54.CrossRef Saqqur M, Uchino K, Demchuk AM, et al. Site of arterial occlusion identified by transcranial Doppler predicts the response to intravenous thrombolysis for stroke. Stroke; J Cereb Circ. 2007;38(3):948–54.CrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat del Zoppo GJ, Poeck K, Pessin MS, et al. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in acute thrombotic and embolic stroke. Ann Neurol. 1992;32(1):78–86.CrossRefPubMed del Zoppo GJ, Poeck K, Pessin MS, et al. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in acute thrombotic and embolic stroke. Ann Neurol. 1992;32(1):78–86.CrossRefPubMed
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Bhatia R, Shobha N, Menon BK, et al. Combined full-dose IV and endovascular thrombolysis in acute ischaemic stroke. Int J Stroke: Off J Int Stroke Soc. 2014;9(8):974–9.CrossRef Bhatia R, Shobha N, Menon BK, et al. Combined full-dose IV and endovascular thrombolysis in acute ischaemic stroke. Int J Stroke: Off J Int Stroke Soc. 2014;9(8):974–9.CrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Lemarchant S, Docagne F, Emery E, Vivien D, Ali C, Rubio M. tPA in the injured central nervous system: different scenarios starring the same actor? Neuropharmacology. 2012;62(2):749–56.CrossRefPubMed Lemarchant S, Docagne F, Emery E, Vivien D, Ali C, Rubio M. tPA in the injured central nervous system: different scenarios starring the same actor? Neuropharmacology. 2012;62(2):749–56.CrossRefPubMed
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Yepes M, Roussel BD, Ali C, Vivien D. Tissue-type plasminogen activator in the ischemic brain: more than a thrombolytic. Trends Neurosci. 2009;32(1):48–55.CrossRefPubMed Yepes M, Roussel BD, Ali C, Vivien D. Tissue-type plasminogen activator in the ischemic brain: more than a thrombolytic. Trends Neurosci. 2009;32(1):48–55.CrossRefPubMed
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Kirkman MA, Lambden S, Smith M. Challenges in the anesthetic and intensive care management of acute ischemic stroke. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2015. 11 Sep 2015. Kirkman MA, Lambden S, Smith M. Challenges in the anesthetic and intensive care management of acute ischemic stroke. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2015. 11 Sep 2015.
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Brinjikji W, Murad MH, Rabinstein AA, Cloft HJ, Lanzino G, Kallmes DF. Conscious sedation versus general anesthesia during endovascular acute ischemic stroke treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015;36(3):525–9.CrossRefPubMed Brinjikji W, Murad MH, Rabinstein AA, Cloft HJ, Lanzino G, Kallmes DF. Conscious sedation versus general anesthesia during endovascular acute ischemic stroke treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015;36(3):525–9.CrossRefPubMed
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Schonenberger S, Mohlenbruch M, Pfaff J, et al. Sedation vs. Intubation for Endovascular Stroke TreAtment (SIESTA)—a randomized monocentric trial. Int J Stroke: Off J Int Stroke Soc. 2015;10(6):969–78.CrossRef Schonenberger S, Mohlenbruch M, Pfaff J, et al. Sedation vs. Intubation for Endovascular Stroke TreAtment (SIESTA)—a randomized monocentric trial. Int J Stroke: Off J Int Stroke Soc. 2015;10(6):969–78.CrossRef
60.
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Steglich-Arnholm H, Holtmannspotter M, Kondziella D, et al. Thrombectomy assisted by carotid stenting in acute ischemic stroke management: benefits and harms. J Neurol. 2015;262(12):2668–75.CrossRefPubMed Steglich-Arnholm H, Holtmannspotter M, Kondziella D, et al. Thrombectomy assisted by carotid stenting in acute ischemic stroke management: benefits and harms. J Neurol. 2015;262(12):2668–75.CrossRefPubMed
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Han Z, Liu X, Luo Y, Ji X. Therapeutic hypothermia for stroke: where to go? Exp Neurol. 2015;272:67–77.CrossRefPubMed Han Z, Liu X, Luo Y, Ji X. Therapeutic hypothermia for stroke: where to go? Exp Neurol. 2015;272:67–77.CrossRefPubMed
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Hill MD, Martin RH, Mikulis D, et al. Safety and efficacy of NA-1 in patients with iatrogenic stroke after endovascular aneurysm repair (ENACT): a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2012;11(11):942–50.CrossRefPubMed Hill MD, Martin RH, Mikulis D, et al. Safety and efficacy of NA-1 in patients with iatrogenic stroke after endovascular aneurysm repair (ENACT): a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2012;11(11):942–50.CrossRefPubMed
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Saver JL, Starkman S, Eckstein M, et al. Prehospital use of magnesium sulfate as neuroprotection in acute stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(6):528–36.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Saver JL, Starkman S, Eckstein M, et al. Prehospital use of magnesium sulfate as neuroprotection in acute stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(6):528–36.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadaten
Titel
Endovascular Interventions in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Recent Evidence, Current Challenges, and Future Prospects
verfasst von
Ramana Appireddy
Charlotte Zerna
Bijoy K Menon
Mayank Goyal
Publikationsdatum
01.07.2016
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Atherosclerosis Reports / Ausgabe 7/2016
Print ISSN: 1523-3804
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-6242
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-016-0588-z

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 7/2016

Current Atherosclerosis Reports 7/2016 Zur Ausgabe

Clinical Trials and Their Interpretations (J. Kizer, Section Editor)

Pharmacologic Approaches to Weight Management: Recent Gains and Shortfalls in Combating Obesity

Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke (S. Prabhakaran, Section Editor)

Treatment of Isolated Below the Knee Deep Vein Thrombosis

Lipid and Metabolic Effects of Gastrointestinal Surgery (R. Cohen, Section Editor)

How to Choose the Best Metabolic Procedure?

Statin Drugs (B. Wiggins, Section Editor)

Discontinuation of Statins: What Are the Risks?

Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke (S. Prabhakaran, Section Editor)

Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Coronary Artery Disease: a Review Article

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.