Background
Methods
Results
Female Total (n = 230) | Female Division 1 (n = 89) | Female Division 2 (n = 77) | Female Division 3 (n = 64) | Male Total (n = 83) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 19.0 (18–20) | 19.0 (18–20) | 19.0 (18.5–19.5) | 19.0 (18–20) | 20.0 (19.5–20.5) |
Height (m) | 1.71 (.09) | 1.73 (.09) | 1.69 (.09) | 1.69 (.08) | 1.87 (.08) |
Weight (kg) | 67.6 (11.9) | 68.1 (12.2) | 66.8 (12.1) | 67.9 (11.4) | 87.9 (21.5) |
Academic Rank | |||||
Freshman | 85 (37%) | 29 (33%) | 26 (34%) | 30 (47%) | 42 (51%) |
Sophomore | 70 (30%) | 25 (27%) | 26 (34%) | 19 (30%) | 16 (19%) |
Junior | 47 (21%) | 21 (24%) | 14 (18%) | 12 (18%) | 11 (13%) |
Senior | 28 (12%) | 14 (16%) | 11 (14%) | 3 (5%) | 12 (14%) |
Sport Played | |||||
Collision | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | 13 (15%) |
Field and Court | 97 (42%) | 35 (39%) | 36 (47%) | 26 (41%) | 27 (33%) |
Bat, Ball, and Stick | 54 (23%) | 29 (33%) | 8 (10%) | 17 (27%) | 26 (31%) |
Individual | 71 (31%) | 22 (25%) | 29 (38%) | 20 (31%) | 15 (18%) |
NA | 6 (3%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) |
Seasons Played at the Collegiate Level | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–4) | 2 (0–4) |
Ethnicity | |||||
White | 170 (74%) | 59 (66%) | 61 (79%) | 50 (78%) | 67 (81%) |
Black or African American | 28 (12%) | 16 (18%) | 6 (8%) | 5 (8%) | 7 (8%) |
Hispanic or Latino | 12 (5%) | 5 (7%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) |
Native American or Native Alaskan | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) |
Do not wish To answer | 18 (8%) | 8 (9%) | 6 (8%) | *(*%) | 5 (6%) |
Sleep (hours) | |||||
< 7 | 72 (31%) | 21 (24%) | 22 (29%) | 29 (45.5%) | 16 (19%) |
7–8 | 122 (53%) | 51 (57%) | 42 (46%) | 29 (45.5%) | 59 (71%) |
9+ | 16 (7%) | 7 (8%) | 7 (9%) | * (*%) | * (*%) |
NA | 20 (9%) | 10 (11%) | 6 (6%) | *(*%) | * (*%) |
Alcohol Consumption in last 30 days | |||||
Yes | 104 (32%) | 54 (39%) | 25 (26%) | 25 (27%) | 31 (37%) |
No | 184 (56%) | 66 (48%) | 60 (62%) | 58 (64%) | 48 (58%) |
NA | 38 (12%) | 18 (13%) | 12 (12%) | 8 (9%) | * (*%) |
Female athletes | Male athletes | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All Divisions | Division 1 | Division 2 | Division 3 | All Divisions | ||||||
Current Pain (n = 91) | No Current Pain (n = 111) | Current Pain (n = 31) | No Current Pain (n = 44) | Current Pain (n = 26) | No Current Pain (n = 43) | Current Pain (n = 34) | No Current Pain (n = 24) | Current Pain (n = 29) | No Current Pain (n = 47) | |
Alcohol use in past 30 days | ||||||||||
Yes | 36 (40%) | 35 (32%) | 14 (45%) | 15 (34%) | 9 (25%) | 11 (26%) | 13 (38%) | 9 (28%) | 16 (55%) | 13 (28%) |
No | 55 (60%) | 76 (68%) | 17 (55%) | 29 (66%) | 17 (65%) | 32 (74%) | 21 (62%) | 15 (63%) | 13 (45%) | 34 72%) |
Hours of Sleep | ||||||||||
< 7 h | 39 (43%) | 28 (25%) | 13 (42%) | 5 (11%) | 9 (35%) | 12 (28%) | 17 (50%) | 11 (46%) | 5 (17%) | 10 (21%) |
7–8 h | 45 (49%) | 75 (68%) | 15 (48%) | 34 (77%) | 14 (54%) | 28 (65%) | 16 (47%) | 12 (50%) | 23 (79%) | 34 (72%) |
> 9 h | 7 (8%) | 8 (7%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(%) | *(*%) | * (*%) | * (*%) |
History of Surgery | ||||||||||
Yes | 20 (22%) | 12 (11%) | 5 (16%) | *(*%) | 9 (25%) | 5 (12%) | 6 (18%) | *(*%) | 8 (28%) | 6 (13%) |
No | 71 (79%) | 99 (89%) | 26 (84%) | 41 (93%) | 17 (65%) | 38 (88%) | 28 (82%) | 20 (83%) | 21 (72%) | 41 (87%) |
History of injury led to > 4 weeks’ time loss from sport | ||||||||||
Yes | 12 (13%) | 46 (41%) | 23 (74%) | 19 (43%) | 20 (77%) | 19 (44%) | 18 (53%) | 8 (33%) | 24 (83%) | 17 (36%) |
No | 99 (87%) | 65 (59%) | 8 (26%) | 25 (57%) | 6 (335) | 24 (56%) | 16 (47%) | 16 (66%) | 5 (17%) | 30 (64%) |
Sport Played | ||||||||||
Collision | *(*%) | * (*%) | *(*) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | 9 (31%) | *(*%) |
Field and Court | 43 (47%) | 46 (41%) | 16 (52%) | 16 (36%) | 13 (50%) | 20 (47%) | 14 (41%) | 10 (42%) | 12 (41%) | 14 (29%) |
Bat, Ball, and Stick | 17 (19%) | 29 (26%) | 7 (23%) | 17 (39%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | 6 (18%) | 9 (28%) | 5 (17%) | 21 (45%) |
Individual | 29 (32%) | 35 (23%) | 7 (23%) | 11 (25%) | 8 (31%) | 19 (44%) | 14 (41%) | 5 (21%) | 3 (10%) | 9 (19%) |
Current NSAID use | ||||||||||
Yes | 42 (46%) | 23 (21%) | 16 (52%) | 7 (16%) | 8 (31%) | 9 (21%) | 18 (53%) | 7 (29%) | 11 (38%) | 6 (15%) |
No | 45 (49%) | 87 (78%) | 13 (42%) | 37 (84%) | 18 (69%) | 33 (77%) | 14 (41%) | 13 (54%) | 17 (59%) | 41 (87%) |
No Answer | * (*%) | * (*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | *(*%) | * (*%) | * (*%) |
Female Total (n = 197) | Male Total (n = 75) | |
---|---|---|
NSAID Use In Season | ||
3-7 days/week | 22 (11%) | 5 (7%) |
1-2 days/week | 43 (22%) | 13 (17%) |
1-3times/month | 73 (37%) | 22 (29%) |
Never | 59 (30%) | 35 (47%) |
NSAID Use Off Season | ||
3-7 days/week | 8 (4%) | 0 |
1-2 days/week | 23 (12%) | 7 (9%) |
1-3times/month | 85 (43%) | 21 (28%) |
Never | 81 (41%) | 47 (63%) |
Receiving NSAIDs | ||
Self-Purchased | 98 (70%) | 25 (61%) |
Coaches | 0 | 0 |
Parents | 23 (16%) | 7 (17%) |
Healthcare Professionals | 15 (11%) | 9 (22%) |
Teammates | *(*%) | 0 |
Other | *(*%) | 0 |
NSAID Dosage | ||
2 pills | 106 (83%) | 29 (74%) |
4 pills | 10 (8%) | 10 (16%) |
6+ pills | 11 (9%) | 0 |
Unadjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Odds Ratioa (95%CI) | |
---|---|---|
Current NSAID use and pain (OSTRC) (Female) | 3.53 (1.91, 6.66), P = < 0.0001 | 2.97 (1.51, 5.97), P = 0.002 |
Division 1 | Reference | |
Division 2 | 0.99 (0.46, 2.13), P = 0.988 | |
Division 3 | 2.09 (0.93, 4.78), P = 0.078 | |
BMI | 0.98 (0.89, 1.08), P = 0.701 | |
Alcohol in Last 30 Days | 0.80 (0.41, 1.58), P = 0.521 | |
Surgery History | 1.27 (0.51, 3.25), P = 0.614 | |
Injury History | 3.03 (1.56, 6.04), P = 0.001 | |
< 7 Hours of Sleep | Reference | |
7–8 Hours of Sleep | 0.54 (0.27, 1.08), P = 0.081 | |
> 9 Hours of Sleep | 1.17 (0.32, 4.24), P = 0.811 |
Unadjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Odds Ratioa (95%CI) | |
---|---|---|
Current NSAID use and pain (OSTRC) (Male) | 4.42 (1.45, 14.7), P = < 0.0001 | 3.36 (0.80, 16.8), P = 0.112 |
Division 1 | Reference | |
Division 2 | 0.07 (0.003, 6.26), P = 0.038 | |
Division 3 | 0.88 (0.19, 4.05), P = 0.869 | |
BMI | 1.14 (0.98, 1.35), P = 0.077 | |
Alcohol in Last 30 Days | 0.37 (0.08, 1.51), P = 0.174 | |
Surgery History | 0.70 (0.11, 34.23), P = 0.699 | |
Injury History | 15.8 (3.53, 96.9), P < 0.001 | |
< 7 Hours of Sleep | Reference | |
7–8 Hours of Sleep | 1.39 (0.03, 47.3), P = 0.093 | |
> 9 Hours of Sleep | 0.37 (0.08, 1.51), P = 0.174 |