Introduction
Primary objective
Methods
Study design
Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
Setting and recruitment
Patient-reported outcome measures
Data analysis
Results
Variable | n | Percentage % |
---|---|---|
Age, years | ||
18–24 | 1 | 12% |
25–34 | 8 | 13% |
35–44 | 13 | 20% |
45–54 | 17 | 27% |
55–64 | 19 | 27% |
65–74 | 5 | 78% |
75–84 | 1 | 2% |
Diagnosis | ||
Osteoarthritis | 17 | 27% |
Rheumatoid arthritis | 43 | 67% |
Psoriatic arthritis | 4 | 6% |
Frequency of medication | ||
Daily | 42 | 66% |
Upon pain | 10 | 16% |
Other | 12 | 19% |
Surgery | ||
No | 49 | 77% |
Yes | 15 | 23% |
Content validity index and modified kappa agreement of the AUSCAN
Item | Relevance | Clarity | Interpretation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agreement | I-CVI* | Pc** | K*** | Agreement | I-CVI* | Pc** | K*** | ||
Rate your pain | |||||||||
At rest | 49/57 | 0.86 | < 10 −5 | 0.86 | 49/50 | 0.98 | < 10 − 5 | 0.98 | Excellent |
Gripping | 55/57 | 0.96 | < 10 − 5 | 0.96 | 49/49 | 1.00 | < 10 −5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Lifting | 55/57 | 0.96 | < 10 −5 | 0.96 | 49/50 | 0.98 | < 10 −5 | 0.98 | Excellent |
Turning | 54/57 | 0.95 | < 10 −5 | 0.95 | 46/50 | 0.92 | < 10 −5 | 0.92 | Excellent |
Squeezing | 55/57 | 0.96 | < 10 −5 | 0.96 | 50/50 | 1.00 | < 10 −5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Rate your stiffness | |||||||||
After first wakening in the morning | 52/56 | 0.93 | < 10 −5 | 0.93 | 48/48 | 1.00 | < 10 − 5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Rate your difficulty when | |||||||||
Turning taps/faucets on | 51/58 | 0.88 | < 10 −5 | 0.88 | 51/51 | 1.00 | < 10 −5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Turning a round doorknob or handle | 54/59 | 0.92 | < 10 −5 | 0.92 | 53/53 | 1.00 | < 10 − 5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Doing up buttons | 52/59 | 0.88 | < 10 −5 | 0.88 | 52/52 | 1.00 | < 10 −5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Fastening jewellery | 52/59 | 0.88 | < 10 − 5 | 0.88 | 53/53 | 1.00 | < 10 − 5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Opening a new jar | 57/59 | 0.97 | < 10 −5 | 0.97 | 53/53 | 1.00 | < 10 − 5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Carrying a full pot with one hand | 56/59 | 0.95 | < 10 − 5 | 0.95 | 52/53 | 0.98 | < 10 −5 | 0.98 | Excellent |
Peeling vegetables/fruits | 56/59 | 0.95 | < 10 −5 | 0.95 | 53/53 | 1.00 | < 10 −5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Picking up large heavy objects | 55/59 | 0.93 | < 10 − 5 | 0.93 | 51/51 | 1.00 | < 10 − 5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Wringing out wash cloths | 52/59 | 0.88 | < 10 − 5 | 0.88 | 50/51 | 0.98 | < 10 −5 | 0.98 | Excellent |
S - CVI | 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90 to 0.94) | 0.99 (95% CI: 0.98 to 1.00) |
Content validity index and modified kappa agreement of the PRWHE
Item | Relevance | Clarity | Interpretation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agreement | I-CVI* | Pc** | K*** | Agreement | I-CVI* | Pc** | K*** | ||
1. Pain subscale | |||||||||
Rate your pain: At rest | 51/64 | 0.80 | < 10 − 5 | 0.80 | 50/53 | 0.94 | < 10 − 5 | 0.94 | Excellent |
Rate your pain: When doing a task with a repeated wrist movement | 54/64 | 0.83 | < 10 − 5 | 0.83 | 49/53 | 0.92 | < 10 − 5 | 0.92 | Excellent |
Rate your pain: When lifting a heavy object | 54/64 | 0.83 | < 10 −5 | 0.83 | 50/53 | 0.94 | < 10 − 5 | 0.94 | Excellent |
Rate your pain: When it is at its worst | 57/64 | 0.89 | < 10 −5 | 0.89 | 49/53 | 0.92 | < 10 −5 | 0.92 | Excellent |
How often do you have pain? | 50/63 | 0.79 | < 10 −5 | 0.79 | 47/54 | 0.87 | < 10 −5 | 0.87 | Excellent |
2. Function | |||||||||
A. Specific activities | |||||||||
Turn a doorknob using my affected hand | 53/63 | 0.84 | < 10 −5 | 0.84 | 52/52 | 1.00 | < 10 −5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Cut meat using a knife in my affected hand | 54/63 | 0.86 | < 10 −5 | 0.86 | 53/53 | 1.00 | < 10 − 5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Fasten buttons on my shirt | 51/63 | 0.81 | < 10 −5 | 0.81 | 53/53 | 1.00 | < 10 −5 | 1.00 | Excellent |
Use my affected hand to push up from a chair | 50/63 | 0.79 | < 10 − 5 | 0.79 | 51/52 | 0.98 | < 10 −5 | 0.98 | Excellent |
Carry a 10 lb. object in my affected hand | 58/63 | 0.92 | < 10 −5 | 0.92 | 52/53 | 0.98 | < 10 −5 | 0.98 | Excellent |
Use bathroom tissue with my affected hand | 50/63 | 0.79 | < 10 −5 | 0.79 | 51/52 | 0.98 | < 10 − 5 | 0.98 | Excellent |
B. Usual activities | |||||||||
Personal care activities (dressing, washing) | 53/61 | 0.87 | < 10 − 5 | 0.87 | 50/53 | 0.94 | < 10 −5 | 0.94 | Excellent |
Household work (cleaning, maintenance) | 57/60 | 0.95 | < 10 −5 | 0.95 | 49/53 | 0.92 | < 10 −5 | 0.92 | Excellent |
Work (your job or usual everyday work) | 52/60 | 0.87 | < 10 − 5 | 0.87 | 49/53 | 0.92 | < 10 − 5 | 0.92 | Excellent |
Recreational activities | 54/60 | 0.90 | < 10 − 5 | 0.90 | 51/53 | 0.96 | < 10 − 5 | 0.96 | Excellent |
S – CVI/Ave | 0.85 (95% CI: 0.82 to 0.88) | 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93 to 0.97) |
Content validity index and modified kappa agreement of the TDX
Item | Relevance | Clarity | Interpretation | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agreement | I-CVI* | Pc** | K*** | Agreement | I-CVI* | Pc** | K*** | ||
A. Please indicate your ability to perform these activities with the affected hand | |||||||||
Turn a Key | 54/61 | 0.89 | < 10 − 5 | 0.89 | 51/53 | 0.96 | < 10 − 5 | 0.96 | Excellent |
Pick up a coin | 52/61 | 0.85 | < 10 − 5 | 0.85 | 49/51 | 0.96 | < 10 − 5 | 0.96 | Excellent |
Write | 56/61 | 0.92 | < 10 − 5 | 0.92 | 51/54 | 0.94 | < 10 −5 | 0.94 | Excellent |
Squeeze toothpaste | 52/60 | 0.87 | < 10 −5 | 0.87 | 51/53 | 0.96 | < 10 −5 | 0.96 | Excellent |
Hold a glass of water | 50/61 | 0.82 | < 10 − 5 | 0.82 | 51/54 | 0.94 | < 10 − 5 | 0.94 | Excellent |
Turn a doorknob | 52/61 | 0.85 | < 10 − 5 | 0.85 | 51/53 | 0.96 | < 10 − 5 | 0.96 | |
Use a knife to cut food | 54/61 | 0.89 | < 10 −5 | 0.89 | 51/53 | 0.96 | < 10 −5 | 0.96 | Excellent |
B. Please indicate your ability to perform the following task while using both your hands | |||||||||
Open a jar | 57/61 | 0.93 | < 10 −5 | 0.93 | 50/51 | 0.98 | < 10 −5 | 0.98 | Excellent |
Button a shirt/blouse | 53/61 | 0.87 | < 10 −5 | 0.87 | 49/50 | 0.98 | < 10 −5 | 0.98 | Excellent |
Tie your shoes | 55/61 | 0.90 | < 10 −5 | 0.90 | 50/51 | 0.98 | < 10 −5 | 0.98 | Excellent |
Wring a dishcloth/washcloth | 53/61 | 0.87 | < 10 −5 | 0.87 | 49/51 | 0.96 | < 10 −5 | 0.96 | Excellent |
II. The following questions refer to the level of pain in your thumb | |||||||||
How often did you have pain in your thumb at rest? | 50/61 | 0.82 | < 10 −5 | 0.82 | 40/52 | 0.77 | < 10 −5 | 0.77 | Excellent |
How often did the pain in your thumb interfere with your daily activities? | 49/60 | 0.82 | < 10 −5 | 0.82 | 44/51 | 0.86 | < 10 −5 | 0.86 | Excellent |
How often did the pain in your hand interfere with recreational activities? | 51/60 | 0.85 | < 10 −5 | 0.85 | 44/52 | 0.85 | < 10 −5 | 0.85 | Excellent |
How often did the pain in your thumb interfere with your sleep? | 47/60 | 0.78 | < 10 −5 | 0.78 | 44/52 | 0.85 | < 10 −5 | 0.85 | Excellent |
How often did the pain in your thumb worsen your mood? | 51/60 | 0.85 | < 10 −5 | 0.85 | 42/52 | 0.81 | < 10 −5 | 0.81 | Excellent |
III. The following questions ask about your satisfaction with the indicated hand or thumb over the past week. | |||||||||
Motion in your affected thumb | 48/58 | 0.83 | < 10 −5 | 0.83 | 47/53 | 0.89 | < 10 −5 | 0.89 | Excellent |
Strength of your affected hand | 54/57 | 0.95 | < 10 −5 | 0.95 | 48/53 | 0.91 | < 10 −5 | 0.91 | Excellent |
Pain level of your affected hand | 52/58 | 0.90 | < 10 −5 | 0.90 | 48/53 | 0.91 | < 10 −5 | 0.91 | Excellent |
Overall function of your hand | 53/58 | 0.91 | < 10 −5 | 0.91 | 46/52 | 0.88 | < 10 −5 | 0.88 | Excellent |
S-CVI | 0.87 (95% CI: 0.85to 0.89) | 0.91 (95% CI: 0.89to 0.94) |
Discussion
Relevance | Clarity | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PRWHE | TDX | AUSCAN | PRWHE | TDX | AUSCAN | ||
PRWHE | 0.85 (95% CI: 0.82–0.88) | Paired t-Test | Paired t-Test | PRWHE | 0.95 (95% CI: 0.93–0.97) | Wilcoxon Signed ranks | Wilcoxon Signed ranks |
TDX | p = 0.523 | 0.87 (95% CI: 0.85–0.89) | Paired t-Test | TDX | p = 0.153 | 0.91 (95% CI: 0.89–0.94) | Wilcoxon Signed ranks |
AUSCAN | p < 0.001 | p = 0.001 | 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90–0.94) | AUSCAN | p = 0.001 | p = 0.002 | 0.99 (95% CI: 0.98–1.00) |