Background
Methods
Statistical analysis
Results
Variable
|
Levels
| |
---|---|---|
Age, (Mean ± SD)
| 42.3 ± 16.7 | |
Duration of illness in weeks (Mean ± SD) | 155.90 ± 127.13) | |
Gender |
% Female
| 60.9 |
Education level |
No school
| 44.0 |
High school or less
| 42.0 | |
University
| 13.8 | |
Missing
| 0.2 | |
Employment Status |
Employee
| 31.8 |
Student
| 6.9 | |
Housewife
| 52.0 | |
Non-employee
| 4.7 | |
Other
| 4.4 | |
Missing
| 0.2 | |
Follow up consistently with doctor | 60.0 | |
Follow-up clinic |
PHC/Family Medicine
| 46.2 |
Pulmonary
| 10.2 | |
Internal Medicine
| 1.8 | |
Other
| 1.8 | |
No follow-up
| 40.0 | |
No education about asthma | 51.6 | |
No education about medication (devices) | 40.7 | |
ED visits |
<3
| 61.3 |
≥3
| 36.7 | |
Missing
| 2.0 | |
Asthma control |
Uncontrolled
| 23.3 |
Partially controlled
| 74.4 | |
Completely control
| 1.8 | |
Missing
| 0.5 |
Variable
|
%
|
---|---|
Reason for ED visit
| |
Visit ED primarily to obtain a bronchodilator | 86.7 |
Visit ED to obtain oxygen | 75.1 |
The severity of asthma doesn’t allow the patient to wait for a clinic visit. | 21.1 |
Belief that the patient is treated faster in the ED | 20.9 |
The ED is available 24 hours a day | 19.1 |
The patient treated directly without delay | 20.9 |
Medication given as nebulizer at ED is more useful | 19.6 |
Knowledge about asthma management
| |
Take bronchodilator to relieve symptoms only | 87.3 |
Stop ICS therapy when feel better | 81.6 |
Believe long term use of inhaler unsafe | 42.7 |
Believe continues use of inhaler cause dependence | 35.1 |
Believe asthma therapy use its effect overtime | 40.3 |
Does not know what trigger asthma symptoms | 74.7 |
Does not know what should do during asthma attack | 28.9 |
Variable
|
Levels
|
<3 visits | ≥ 3 visits |
p-value
|
---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 276) | (n = 165) | |||
Gender |
% Male
| 63.8 | 36.2 | 0.6721 |
Female
| 61.8 | 38.2 | ||
Regular ICS use |
Yes
| 65.6 | 34.4 | 0.1880 |
No
| 59.6 | 40.4 | ||
Follow up with clinics |
Yes
| 61.4 | 38.6 | 0.4688 |
No
| 64.8 | 35.2 | ||
Education level |
High school or less
| 64.8 | 35.2 | 0.0133* |
University
| 48.4 | 51.6 | ||
Educated about medication |
Yes
| 64.5 | 35.5 | 0.3498 |
No
| 60.1 | 39.9 | ||
Educated about asthma |
Yes
| 68.5 | 31.5 | 0.0145* |
No
| 57.3 | 42.7 | ||
ACT |
Not controlled
| 47.6 | 52.4 | 0.0003* |
Partially/Full controlled
| 67.1 | 32.9 |
Variable
|
Levels
| Partially/Full controlled (n = 343) | Not controlled (n = 105) |
p-value
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender |
% Male
| 76.0 | 24.0 | 0.8220 |
Female
| 76.9 | 23.1 | ||
Regular ICS use |
Yes
| 80.6 | 19.4 | 0.0401* |
No
| 72.4 | 27.6 | ||
Follow up with clinics |
Yes
| 77.8 | 22.2 | 0.5188 |
No
| 75.1 | 24.9 | ||
Education level |
High school or less
| 77.2 | 22.8 | 0.3853 |
University
| 72.1 | 27.9 | ||
Educated about medication |
Yes
| 78.6 | 21.4 | 0.2650 |
No
| 74.0 | 26.0 | ||
Educated about asthma |
Yes
| 81.9 | 18.1 | 0.0117* |
No
| 71.9 | 28.1 |
Variable
|
levels
| Estimate | P-value | OR | 95% CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | −0.2487 | 0.3982 | - | - | - | |
Age | 0.00344 | 0.5984 | 1.003 | 0.991 | 1.016 | |
Gender | Female | 0.0694 | 0.5192 | 1.149 | 0.753 | 1.752 |
Regular ICS use | No | 0.0594 | 0.6348 | 1.126 | 0.690 | 1.838 |
ACT | Uncontrolled | 0.3272 | 0.0063* | 1.924 | 1.203 | 3.077 |
Follow up with clinics | No | −0.2746 | 0.0328* | 0.577 | 0.349 | 0.956 |
Education level | University | 0.4292 | 0.0071* | 2.359 | 1.263 | 4.407 |
Educated about medication | No | 0.0790 | 0.5844 | 1.171 | 0.665 | 2.062 |
Educated about asthma | No | 0.2042 | 0.1506 | 1.504 | 0.862 | 2.625 |