Background
Methods
Analyses
Results
Characteristics of non-sudden deaths by age groups
75-85 years | >85 years | p-value† | |
---|---|---|---|
N = 964 (57.3) | N = 717 (42.7) | ||
Mean age = 80.2 | Mean age = 90.7 | ||
Sex
|
<0.001
| ||
Female | 471 (48.9) | 503 (70.2) | |
Male | 493 (51.1) | 214 (29.8) | |
Marital status
|
<0.001
| ||
Widowed | 375 (38.9) | 517 (72.1) | |
Married | 473 (49.0) | 133 (18.5) | |
Single | 90 (9.3) | 57 (7.9) | |
Divorced | 27 (2.8) | 10 (1.4) | |
Education
|
<0.001
| ||
Primary school | 381 (39.5) | 340 (47.4) | |
High school (not graduated) | 182 (18.9) | 89 (12.4) | |
High school/college | 123 (12.7) | 73 (10.2) | |
Unknown | 279 (28.9) | 216 (30.1) | |
Cause of death
|
<0.001
| ||
Cardiovascular disease | 205 (21.3) | 224 (31.3) | |
Malignant disease | 314 (32.6) | 103 (14.4) | |
Respiratory disease | 136 (14.1) | 100 (14.0) | |
CVA/stroke | 102 (10.6) | 62 (8.7) | |
Disease of the nervous system | 42 (4.4) | 29 (4.1) | |
Other disease | 165 (17.1) | 198 (27.7) | |
Place of death
|
<0.001
| ||
Hospital | 537 (55.7) | 229 (31.9) | |
Care home | 204 (21.1) | 387 (54.0) | |
Home | 203 (21.1) | 85 (11.9) | |
Other/unknown/missing | 20 (2.1) | 16 (2.2) |
Patient and health care characteristics by age groups and goal of treatment in the last week of life
75-85 years | >85 years | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 964 (57.3) | N = 717 (42.7) | |||||
Comfort care | Life-prolonging or curative treatment | p-value | Comfort care | Life-prolonging or curative treatment | p-value | |
N = 683 (73.4) | N = 248 (26.6) | N = 574 (84.2) | N = 108 (15.8) | |||
Sex
| 0.540 |
0.005
| ||||
Female | 337 (72.5) | 128 (27.5) | 418 (86.7) | 64 (13.3) | ||
Male | 346 (74.2) | 120 (25.8) | 156 (78.0) | 44 (22.0) | ||
Marital status
| 0.505 |
0.004
| ||||
Widowed | 258 (70.9) | 106 (29.1) | 425 (85.9) | 70 (14.1) | ||
Married | 347 (75.6) | 112 (24.4) | 94 (74.0) | 33 (26.0) | ||
Single | 59 (72.8) | 22 (27.2) | 45 (88.2) | 6 (11.8) | ||
Divorced | 19 (73.1) | 7 (26.9) | 10 (100) | 0 (0.0) | ||
Education
| 0.131 | 0.141 | ||||
Primary school | 262 (69.7) | 114 (30.3) | 284 (85.3) | 49 (14.7) | ||
High school (not graduated) | 126 (75.4) | 41 (24.6) | 77 (90.6) | 8 (9.4) | ||
High school/college | 86 (72.3) | 33 (27.7) | 50 (79.4) | 13 (20.6) | ||
Unknown | 209 (77.7) | 60 (22.3) | 163 (81.1) | 38 (18.9) | ||
Place of death
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
| ||||
Hospital | 292 (57.1) | 219 (42.9) | 148 (70.5) | 62 (29.5) | ||
Care home | 180 (90.5) | 19 (9.5) | 338 (89.7) | 39 (10.3) | ||
Home | 191 (95.5) | 9 (4.5) | 74 (91.4) | 7 (8.6) | ||
Cause of death
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
| ||||
Cardiovascular disease | 116 (60.4) | 76 (39.6) | 174 (84.9) | 31 (15.1) | ||
Malignant disease | 276 (89.9) | 31 (10.1) | 93 (93.9) | 6 (6.1) | ||
Respiratory disease | 86 (65.6) | 45 (34.4) | 61 (65.6) | 32 (34.4) | ||
CVA/stroke | 65 (65.7) | 34 (34.3) | 53 (88.3) | 7 (11.7) | ||
Disease of the nervous system | 34 (81.0) | 8 (19.0) | 25 (86.2) | 4 (13.8) | ||
Other disease | 106 (66.2) | 54 (33.8) | 168 (86.2) | 27 (13.8) | ||
Capacity to make decisions†
|
<0.001
| 1.000 | ||||
Capable | 153 (92.7) | 12 (7.3) | 62 (89.9) | 7 (10.1) | ||
Incapacitated | 264 (71.9) | 103 (28.1) | 269 (89.1) | 33 (10.9) | ||
Time in treatment for disease that caused death
|
<0.001
|
<0.001
| ||||
1-7 days | 67 (39.4) | 103 (60.6) | 90 (65.7) | 47 (34.3) | ||
7 days – 1 month | 102 (63.4) | 59 (36.6) | 103 (80.5) | 25 (19.5) | ||
1 month – 1 year | 132 (76.7) | 40 (23.3) | 98 (90.7) | 10 (9.3) | ||
More than 1 year | 69 (94.5) | 4 (5.5) | 34 (97.1) | 1 (2.9) |
Factors associated with goal of treatment in the last week of life
Factors related to goal of treatment | 75-85 years | >85 years |
---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
Sex
| ||
Male | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) |
Female | 1.37 (0.90-2.07) |
1.82 (1.03-3.23)
|
Cause of death
| ||
Cardiovascular disease |
0.25 (0.13-0.48)
|
0.28 (0.09-0.91)
|
Malignant disease | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) |
Respiratory disease |
0.28 (0.14-0.55)
|
0.14 (0.04-0.43)
|
CVA/stroke |
0.47 (0.23-0.96)
| 0.59 (0.16-2.21) |
Disease of the nervous system |
0.21 (0.07-0.68)
| 0.48 (0.08-2.95) |
Other disease |
0.28 (0.14-0.56)
|
0.27 (0.08-0.85)
|
Time in treatment for disease that caused death
| ||
<1 week | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) |
1 week-1 month |
2.42 (1.48-3.96)
|
2.14 (1.17-3.93)
|
1 month-1 year |
2.97 (1.73-5.08)
|
4.23 (1.90-9.43)
|
>1 year |
7.43 (2.27-24.35)
|
11.12 (1.07-115.57)
|
Place of death
| ||
Care home |
8.67 (4.07-18.48)
|
2.91 (1.65-5.15)
|
Home |
16.17 (3.13-83.62)
|
7.41 (1.25-44.07)
|
Hospital | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) | 1.00 (1.00-1.00) |