Introduction
Methods
Participants
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Procedure
Probabilistic reversal learning task
Stop signal task
Clinical measures
Statistical analyses
Results
dfn, dfd | F | p | η2p | Post hoc | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PRL | Acquisition errors | 2, 256 | 0.93 | 0.40 | 0.007 | – | |
Reversal errors | 2, 246 | 4.82 | 0.01 | 0.04 | Proband vs control | 0.01 | |
Parent vs control | 0.06 | ||||||
Proband vs parent | 0.35 | ||||||
SST | STOP trial errors | 2, 245 | 8.19 | < .001 | 0.06 | Proband vs control | < .001 |
Parent vs control | < .001 | ||||||
Proband vs parent | 0.11 | ||||||
RT slowing | 2, 245 | 13.60 | < .001 | 0.10 | Proband vs control | < .001 | |
Parent vs control | < .001 | ||||||
Proband vs parent | 0.67 |
Familiality of behavioral flexibility and inhibition deficits
h2 | p | |
---|---|---|
PRL error rate | < .001 | .500 |
SST error rate | .54 | .007 |
SST RT slowing | .08 | .334 |
Associations between cognitive control and BAP traits
dfn, dfd | F | p | η2p | Post-Hoc | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PRL | Acquisition errors | 2, 117 | 0.32 | 0.73 | 0.005 | – | |
Reversal errors | 2, 117 | 9.67 | < .001 | 0.14 | Proband of BAP+ parent vs control | < .001 | |
Proband of BAP− parent vs control | 0.99 | ||||||
Proband of BAP+ parent vs of BAP− parent | 0.006 | ||||||
SST | STOP trial errors | 2, 110 | 7.70 | < .001 | 0.12 | Proband of BAP+ parent vs control | 0.01 |
Proband of BAP- parent vs control | 0.01 | ||||||
Proband of BAP+ parent vs of BAP− parent | 0.11 | ||||||
RT slowing | 2, 110 | 5.48 | < .001 | 0.09 | Proband of BAP+ parent vs control | < .001 | |
Proband of BAP- parent vs control | .001 | ||||||
Proband of BAP+ parent vs of BAP− parent | 0.57 |
dfn, dfd | F | p | η2p | Post hoc | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PRL | Acquisition errors | 2, 183 | 0.81 | 0.45 | .009 | – | |
Reversal errors | 2, 183 | 5.08 | .01 | .007 | BAP+ parent vs control | 0.01 | |
BAP− parent vs control | 0.18 | ||||||
BAP+ parent vs BAP− parent | 0.26 | ||||||
SST | STOP trial errors | 2, 188 | 5.11 | .01 | 0.05 | BAP+ parent vs control | 0.02 |
BAP− parent vs control | 0.02 | ||||||
BAP+ parent vs BAP− parent | 0.99 | ||||||
RT slowing | 2, 188 | 1.62 | 0.20 | 0.02 | – |