Introduction and background
Methodology
Search | Query |
---|---|
#1 | Histiocytic Sarcoma OR Histiocytic Sarcomas OR Sarcoma, Histiocytic OR Sarcomas, Histiocytic OR (“Histiocytic Sarcoma/blood” [Mesh] OR “Histiocytic Sarcoma/classification” [Mesh] OR “Histiocytic Sarcoma/complications” [Mesh] OR “Histiocytic Sarcoma/diagnosis” [Mesh] OR “Histiocytic Sarcoma/diagnostic imaging” [Mesh] OR “Histiocytic Sarcoma/epidemiology” [Mesh] OR “Histiocytic Sarcoma/genetics” [Mesh] OR “Histiocytic Sarcoma/immunology” [Mesh] OR “Histiocytic Sarcoma/microbiology” [Mesh] OR “Histiocytic Sarcoma/mortality” [Mesh] OR “Histiocytic Sarcoma/pathology” [Mesh] OR “Histiocytic Sarcoma/physiopathology” [Mesh] OR “Histiocytic Sarcoma/surgery” [Mesh]) |
#2 | Renal Transplantation OR Renal Transplantations OR Transplantations, Renal OR Transplantation, Renal OR (“Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects” [Mesh] OR “Kidney Transplantation/mortality” [Mesh] OR “Kidney Transplantation/statistics and numerical data” [Mesh]) |
#3 | Search: (#1) AND (#2) |
Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Results
Author | Age | Gender | Chief complaints | Primary renal pathology | Native kidney involvement | Site of primary tumor | Metastasis | Immunosuppressive regimen/duration | EBV | Radiological findings | Histopathological findings | Chemotherapy regimen | Prognosis |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pollen et al. [6] | 57 years | Male | Fever, Fatigue, Loss of appetite and Weight Loss | Chronic Kidney Disease and Hypertensive Nephropathy | Involved | Native Kidney | Yes | Prednisone, Mycophenolate and Cyclosporine for 18 years | Negative | Mass in Liver and Kidney | Histiocytic Sarcoma confirmed via morphology and immunohistochemistry | N/A | Passed away 2 weeks after diagnosis |
Ventura Aguiar et al. [7] | 56 years | Female | Fever and Mass on Right thorax | HCV and CKD of unknown etiology | Uninvolved | Thorax | Yes | Azathioprine and Prednisone for 28 years | EBV serology was positive for IgG but negative for IgM | Multiple thoracic, axillary, pelvic, and abdominal mass | Malignant undifferentiated large cell neoplasm | Thalidomide plus Etoposide but no resolution of disease | Passed away 3 months after diagnosis |
Tomlin et al. [8] | 33 years | Male | Throat pain, Progressive dysphagia and mucoid cough | Glomerulonephritis | Uninvolved | Oropharynx | Yes | Mycophenolate, tacrolimus, and prednisone with no mention of duration | N/A | Multiple supraglottic and tonsillar masses with involvement of cervical lymph nodes, subcutaneous nodules in hip and thigh | Atypical histiocytes with immunohistochemistry suggestive of Histiocytic Sarcoma | ICE regimen, CLAG-M regimen, 2 cycles of weekly vinblastine then myeloablative cyclophosphamide/TBI allogenenic hematopoietic cell transplant from a matched sibling donor | Resolution of Histiocytic Sarcoma but Passed away 9 months after diagnosis due to bacterial pneumonia |
Kramer et al. [9] | 23 years | Female | Paroxysmal paranesthesia and paresis of the right extremities | Congenital anomalies, chronic pyelonephritis and recurrent UTIs lead to renal insufficiency | Uninvolved | Transplanted Kidney | Yes | Azathioprine and Prednisone for a year | EBV serology was positive for IgG but negative for IgM | Multiple supra- and infratentorial brain masses, ovary, and leg | Histiocytic sarcoma confirmed due to large cells with characteristic markers that correspond to the normal cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS) occurring extra-nodal. it was called HS | Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone | Chemotherapy didn’t influence the progression rate of the tumor and the patient died 4 weeks after the diagnosis |
Demographics
Clinical presentation
Immunosuppressive regimen and duration
Virological profile for EBV
Histopathology
Immunohistochemistry
Markers | CD 4 | CD 68 | CD 99 | S100 | HAM 56 | Vimentin | Lysozyme |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case No 1 | – | + ve | − ve | − ve | + ve | – | + ve |
Case No 2 | + ve | + ve | + ve | – | – | + ve | – |
Case No 3 | – | + ve | – | + ve | – | – | + ve |
Case No 4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | − ve |