Background
Methods
Patients
Measurements
Results
Controls (n = 263) | Diabetics (n = 486) | P | |
---|---|---|---|
Women (%) | 58.2 | 51.5 | 0.081 |
Parent diabetes (%) | 30.4 | 96.1 |
< 0.001
|
Symptoms at the diagnosis (%) | – | – | |
Asymptomatic | 58.1 | ||
Diabetic symptom | 32.5 | ||
Gestational diabetes | 8.1 | ||
Diabetic complication | 1.3 | ||
Treatment (%) | – | – | |
Diet | 20.1 | ||
Oral antidiabetic | 32.1 | ||
İnsulin | 47.8 | ||
Age at diagnosis (year)a | – | 24.08 ± 4.82 |
–
|
BMI (kg/m2)a | 27.01 ± 3.29 | 27.88 ± 5.72 | 0.109 |
Systolic BP (mmHg)a | 124.70 ± 11.15 | 125.31 ± 11.82 | 0.823 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg)a | 76.64 ± 7.21 | 75.61 ± 7.86 | 0.374 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dl)a | 80.68 ± 9.37 | 151.75 ± 74.12 |
< 0.001
|
Postprandial glucose (mg/dl)a | – | 252.92 ± 110.97 |
–
|
LDL (mg/dl)a | 96.90 ± 20.75 | 107.99 ± 36.98 |
< 0.001
|
TG (mg/dl)a | 99.51 ± 51.64 | 204.46 ± 203.21 |
< 0.001
|
Cholesterol (mg/dl)a | 159.18 ± 27.68 | 193.55 ± 87.46 |
< 0.001
|
HDL (mg/dl)a | 51.33 ± 16.96 | 44.16 ± 14.07 |
< 0.001
|
Creatinine (mg/dl)a | 0.88 ± 0.89 | 1.24 ± 8.91 | 0.018 |
HbA1c (%)a | 5.31 ± 0.10 | 8.21 ± 2.41 |
< 0.001
|
TSHa | 1.74 ± 1.01 | 2.78 ± 8.73 | 0.142 |
HsCRPa | 3.30 ± 2.98 | 4.08 ± 3.96 | 0.101 |
C-peptide (nmol/L)a | – | 2.47 ± 1.79 |
–
|
Microalbuminuriaa | 11.96 ± 13.65 | 94.86 ± 348.40 |
< 0.001
|
Risk allele | MAF for study sample | |
---|---|---|
I27L rs1169288 | T | 0.43 |
S487 N rs2464196 | T | 0.39 |
A98V rs1800574 | T | 0.09 |
Controls, n | Diabetes, n | OR (95% CI) | P | |
---|---|---|---|---|
I27L rs1169288 (%) | ||||
*Co-dominant Wild type GG | 105 | 146 | ||
Heterozygous GT | 120 | 233 | 1.02 (0.57–1.78) | 0.984 |
Homozygous TT | 38 | 110 | 1.71 (1.25–3.46) |
0.024
|
Dominant (GT + TT/GG) | 158 vs 105 | 343 vs 146 | 1.68 (1. 21-2.13) |
0.035
|
Recessive (TT/GT + GG) | 38 vs 225 | 110 vs 379 | 1.56 (1. 14-2.57) |
0.048
|
S487 N rs2464196 (%) | ||||
*Co-dominant Wild type CC | 102 | 188 | ||
Heterozygous CT | 121 | 210 | 0.58 (0.35–1.39) | 0.471 |
Homozygous TT | 40 | 91 | 1.25 (0.57–2.75) | 0.638 |
Dominant (CT + TT/CC) | 161 vs 102 | 301 vs 188 | 1.01 (0.74–1.38) | 0.938 |
Recessive (TT/CT + CC) | 40 vs 223 | 91 vs 398 | 1.27 (0.84–1.91) | 0.241 |
A98V rs1800574 (%) | ||||
*Co-dominant Wild type CC | 208 | 411 | ||
Heterozygous CT | 52 | 64 | 1.26 (0.48–3.29) | 0.676 |
Homozygous TT | 3 | 14 | 1.35 (0.95–3.54) |
0.027
|
Dominant model (CT + TT/CC) | 55 vs 208 | 78 vs 411 | 0.71 (0.48–1.05) | 0.089 |
Recessive model (TT/CT + CC) | 3 vs 260 | 14 vs 475 | 2.55 (0.72–8.97) | 0.130 |
GG (wild) n = 146 | GT n = 233 | TT n = 110 | Pa GG/GT | Pb GG/TT | Pc GT/TT | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age at the diagnosis (year)a | 23.36 ± 9.51 | 20.89 ± 6.54 | 21.29 ± 9.78 | 0.845 | 0.653 | 0.958 |
Parent diabetes (%) | 78.5 | 89.2 | 98.7 | 0.427 |
0.035
| 0.852 |
BMI (kg/m2)a | 26.78 ± 6.02 | 27.81 ± 3.85 | 28.42 ± 4.70 | 0.871 | 0.852 | 0.990 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dl)a | 151.12 ± 75.89 | 175.01 ± 98.35 | 154.01 ± 68.13 | 0.895 | 0.836 | 0.127 |
Postprandial glucose (mg/dl)a | 239.43 ± 114.53 | 264.18 ± 100.37 | 276.18 ± 125.38 | 0.625 | 0.327 | 0.785 |
HbA1c (%) | 7.85 ± 3.45 | 8.20 ± 6.75 | 8.47 ± 2.29 | 0.427 | 0.324 | 0.913 |
LDL (mg/dl)a | 112.30 ± 37.61 | 106.09 ± 30.98 | 136.09 ± 45.65 | 0.358 | 0.339 | 0.249 |
TG (mg/dl)a | 174.31 ± 175.80 | 197.91 ± 186.34 | 218.91 ± 276.52 | 0.258 |
0.041
| 0.377 |
Cholesterol (mg/dl)a | 185.35 ± 96.84 | 189.27 ± 35.63 | 197.87 ± 44.90 | 0.957 | 0.924 | 0.847 |
HDL (mg/dl)a | 46.22 ± 11.37 | 49.32 ± 17.93 | 43.28 ± 20.85 | 0.542 | 0.627 | 0.332 |
C-peptide (nmol/L)a | 2.82 ± 2.28 | 2.15 ± 1.32 | 2.32 ± 1.51 | 0.246 | 0.351 | 0.513 |
Microalbuminuria | 91.30 ± 357.93 | 96.42 ± 349.35 | 106.50 ± 320.85 | 0.792 | 0.650 | 0.838 |