Background
Methods
Study design and selection of study subjects
Information collected
Statistical analysis
Total % | GP-CM % | GP-Mx % | GP-Ho % | Non-participating patients % | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(N = 710) | (N = 161) | (N = 260) | (N = 289) | (N = 852) | |
Female gender | 79.7 | 73.9 | 78.9 |
83.7
**
|
72.6
*
|
Age (years) | |||||
18–39 | 23.5 | 23.6 | 23.1 | 23.9 | 24.9 |
40–59 | 47.3 | 42.9 | 48.9 | 48.4 | 43.4 |
60+ | 29.2 | 33.5 | 28.1 | 27.7 | 31.7 |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | |||||
<25 | 59.7 | 52.2 | 53.5 |
69.6
**
| 58.9 |
25–29 | 26.9 | 30.4 | 31.1 |
21.1
| 27.6 |
30+ | 13.4 | 17.4 | 15.4 |
9.3
| 13.5 |
Smoking | |||||
Never smoked | 51.6 | 50.3 | 51.2 |
52.6
**
| 49.1 |
Former smoker | 23.6 | 23.0 | 22.6 |
24.9
| 24.0 |
Smoker | 24.8 | 26.7 | 26.2 |
22.5
| 26.9 |
Alcohol consumption | |||||
Rarely/never | 35.6 | 39.8 | 37.3 | 31.8 | 33.7 |
Once a week | 52.1 | 48.5 | 51.9 | 54.3 | 53.0 |
Daily | 12.3 | 11.7 | 10.8 | 13.9 | 13.3 |
Physical activity | |||||
30 min and more | 26.8 | 27.3 | 25.8 | 27.3 | 30.5 |
Education | |||||
Beyond secondary school | 48.3 | 37.9 | 43.1 |
58.1
**
| 46.7 |
Occupational status | |||||
Employed | 51.1 | 42.9 | 51.9 | 55.0 | 51.4 |
Unemployed | 15.2 | 14.9 | 17.3 | 13.5 | 12.8 |
Retired | 33.7 | 42.2 | 30.8 | 31.5 | 35.8 |
Complementary health insurance (CMU) | 6.62 | 11.2 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 8.80 |
GP declared as the regular treating physician | 67.8 | 84.5 | 83.1 |
47.1
**
| 73.0 |
Results
Study population
Clinical characteristics at baseline
GP-CM % | GP-Mx % | GP-Ho % | |
---|---|---|---|
(N = 161) | (N = 260) | (N = 289) | |
Patients with anxiety disorders | 90.7 | 92.7 | 94.5 |
Patients with depressive disorders | 69.6 | 70.8 | 59.2 |
HADS score [mean (SD)] | |||
Anxiety score | 11.9 (2.2) | 12.0 (2.2) | 11.8 (2.2) |
Depression score | 11.2 (2.0) | 11.0 (1.8) | 10.8 (1.8) |
Severe ADD at inclusion (HADS ≥12) | |||
All patients | 57.8 | 55.4 |
52.3
*
|
Patients with anxiety disorder | 47.8 | 48.1 | 45.7 |
Patients with depressive disorder | 26.7 | 21.9 |
17.0
*
|
History of suicide attempts (lifetime) | 23.0 |
12.4
*
|
14.2
*
|
Concomitant ADD (other than main diagnosis) | 60.3 | 63.5 |
53.6
*
|
Primary insomnia | 40.4 |
27.3
*
|
34.3
*
|
Physical co-morbidities | |||
Cardiovascular or metabolic disorders | 35.4 | 32.7 |
22.2
*
|
Respiratory diseases | 9.9 | 5.8 | 7.3 |
Musculoskeletal disorders | 19.9 | 19.6 | 22.5 |
Diabetes and other endocrine disorders | 14.3 | 11.5 |
6.6
*
|
Digestive disorders | 13.0 | 8.1 | 11.8 |
History of hospitalisation | 29.8 |
20.0
*
|
20.1
*
|
Number of visits to the GP in the previous year | |||
0–6 | 55.3 | 49.2 |
65.7
*
|
7+ | 44.7 | 50.8 |
34.3
|
Prescription of psychotropic drug at inclusion visit | 80.8 |
71.9
*
|
32.9
*
|
Prescription of homeopathyb at inclusion visit | 0 |
13.1
*
|
55.7
*
|
Quality of life (SF-12) | |||
Mental score (mean, SD) [mean (SD)] | 33.0 (8.7) | 33.5 (9.1) | 34.3 (9.2) |
Physical score (mean, SD) | 45.2 (9.4) | 46.7 (10.0) | 49.0 (8.7) |
Clinical evolution and outcomes
GP-Mx vs GP-CM | GP-Ho vs GP-CM | |
---|---|---|
ORc [95 % CI] | ORc [95 % CI] | |
(p value) | (p value) | |
Clinical improvement (HADS score <9b) | ||
All patientsd | 1.49 [0.89–2.50] | 1.70 [1.00–2.87] |
(0.13) | (0.05) | |
HADS ≥12 at inclusion | 1.52 [0.69–3.34] | 1.70 [0.81–3.55] |
(0.30) | (0.16) | |
HADS <12 at inclusion | 1.34 [0.66–2.72] | 1.61 [0.77–3.38] |
(0.42) | (0.21) | |
Psychotropic drug useb | ||
All patientsd | 0.62 [0.41–0.94] | 0.29 [0.19–0.44] |
(0.02) | (<0.001) | |
HADS ≥12 at inclusion | 0.63 [0.38–1.07] | 0.29 [0.18–0.48] |
(0.08) | (<0.001) | |
HADS <12 at inclusion | 0.65 [0.32–1.31] | 0.33 [0.15–0.66] |
(0.23) | (0.003) |