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01.03.2015 | Therapy in Practice

Identification and Management of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

verfasst von: Antonio Mirijello, Cristina D’Angelo, Anna Ferrulli, Gabriele Vassallo, Mariangela Antonelli, Fabio Caputo, Lorenzo Leggio, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Addolorato

Erschienen in: Drugs | Ausgabe 4/2015

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Abstract

Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) may develop within 6–24 h after the abrupt discontinuation or decrease of alcohol consumption. Symptoms can vary from autonomic hyperactivity and agitation to delirium tremens. The gold-standard treatment for AWS is with benzodiazepines (BZDs). Among the BZDs, different agents (i.e., long-acting or short-acting) and different regimens (front-loading, fixed-dose or symptom-triggered) may be chosen on the basis of patient characteristics. Severe withdrawal could require ICU admission and the use of barbiturates or propofol. Other drugs, such as α₂-agonists (clonidine and dexmetedomidine) and β-blockers can be used as adjunctive treatments to control neuroautonomic hyperactivity. Furthermore, neuroleptic agents can help control hallucinations. Finally, other medications for the treatment for AWS have been investigated with promising results. These include carbamazepine, valproate, sodium oxybate, baclofen, gabapentin and topiramate. The usefulness of these agents are discussed.

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Titel: Identification and Management of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
verfasst von: Antonio Mirijello
Cristina D’Angelo
Anna Ferrulli
Gabriele Vassallo
Mariangela Antonelli
Fabio Caputo
Lorenzo Leggio
Antonio Gasbarrini
Giovanni Addolorato
Publikationsdatum: 01.03.2015
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in: Drugs / Ausgabe 4/2015
Print ISSN: 0012-6667
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-1950
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40265-015-0358-1

Springer Medizin

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