Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Drugs & Aging 10/2015

01.10.2015 | Original Research Article

Immunogenicity and Safety of Intradermal Influenza Vaccine in the Elderly: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

verfasst von: Claudia Pileggi, Valentina Mascaro, Aida Bianco, Carmelo G. A. Nobile, Maria Pavia

Erschienen in: Drugs & Aging | Ausgabe 10/2015

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Introduction

Immunosenescence makes the elderly more susceptible to influenza complications and less responsive to vaccination. An intradermal formulation (IDflu) is one of several strategies being investigated to increase the immunogenicity of influenza vaccines.

Objective

The overall goal of the study was to assess the safety and immunogenicity of IDflu compared with the intramuscular route (IMflu) in the elderly.

Methods

A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed. Included articles met the following criteria: RCTs; primary studies, not re-analyses or reviews; enrolment of elderly people; comparing the immunogenicity and/or safety of IDflu with IMflu; measuring seroprotection and/or seroconversion rate to assess immunogenicity; measuring local reactions and/or general symptoms and/or other mild local reactions that could affect acceptability of vaccine as safety indicators, according to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) criteria; published through January 2015.

Results

The results of our meta-analysis on seroprotection showed that IDflu is comparable to IMflu for each strain (A/H1N1: risk ratio [RR] 1.02, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.98–1.07; A/H3N2: RR 1.01, 95 % CI 0.99–1.04; B 1.02, 95 % CI 0.98–1.08). The seroconversion rate achieved with IDflu was comparable to that of the control group (A/H1N1: RR 1.08, 95 % CI 0.97–1.2; A/H3N2: RR 1.08, 95 % CI 0.96–1.21; B: RR 1.21, 95 % CI 1–1.45). Systemic reactogenicity appeared similar in the two groups, while local reactions were significantly more frequent in the IDflu group.

Conclusions

The novel IDflu appears to have the adequate balance between immunogenicity and safety in the elderly compared with IMflu, and its utilization may be considered among the possible strategies to enhance the control of seasonal influenza outbreaks according to the existing policy recommendations in the elderly.
Literatur
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Reed C, Kim IK, Singleton JA, et al. Estimated influenza illnesses and hospitalizations averted by vaccination—United Stated, 2013–14 influenza season. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014;12:1151–4. Reed C, Kim IK, Singleton JA, et al. Estimated influenza illnesses and hospitalizations averted by vaccination—United Stated, 2013–14 influenza season. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014;12:1151–4.
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Raphael D. Chapter 180. Influenza. In: Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, editors. Harrison’s principles of internal medicine. 17th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Co Inc; 2008. p. 1127–32. Raphael D. Chapter 180. Influenza. In: Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J, editors. Harrison’s principles of internal medicine. 17th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Co Inc; 2008. p. 1127–32.
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Fiore AE, Uyeki TM, Broder K, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP), 2010. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2010;59:1–62.PubMed Fiore AE, Uyeki TM, Broder K, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP), 2010. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2010;59:1–62.PubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Villari P, Manzoli L, Boccia A. Methodological quality of studies and patient age as major sources of variation in efficacy estimates of influenza vaccination in healthy adults: a meta-analysis. Vaccine. 2004;22:3475–86.CrossRefPubMed Villari P, Manzoli L, Boccia A. Methodological quality of studies and patient age as major sources of variation in efficacy estimates of influenza vaccination in healthy adults: a meta-analysis. Vaccine. 2004;22:3475–86.CrossRefPubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Monto AS, Ansaldi F, Aspinall R, et al. Influenza control in the 21st century: optimizing protection of older adults. Vaccine. 2009;27:5043–53.CrossRefPubMed Monto AS, Ansaldi F, Aspinall R, et al. Influenza control in the 21st century: optimizing protection of older adults. Vaccine. 2009;27:5043–53.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Parodi V, de Florentiis D, Martini M, et al. Inactivated influenza vaccines: recent progress and implications for the elderly. Drugs Aging. 2011;28:93–106.CrossRefPubMed Parodi V, de Florentiis D, Martini M, et al. Inactivated influenza vaccines: recent progress and implications for the elderly. Drugs Aging. 2011;28:93–106.CrossRefPubMed
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. The PRISMA Group (2009): preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. BMJ. 2009;339:b2535.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, et al. The PRISMA Group (2009): preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. BMJ. 2009;339:b2535.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carrol D, et al. Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary? Controlled Clin Trials. 1996;17:1–12.CrossRefPubMed Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carrol D, et al. Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary? Controlled Clin Trials. 1996;17:1–12.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Chalmers TC, Smith H Jr, Blackburn B, et al. A method for assessing the quality of a randomized control trial. Controlled Clin Trials. 1981;2:31–49.CrossRefPubMed Chalmers TC, Smith H Jr, Blackburn B, et al. A method for assessing the quality of a randomized control trial. Controlled Clin Trials. 1981;2:31–49.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Controlled Clin Trials. 1986;7:177–88.CrossRefPubMed DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Controlled Clin Trials. 1986;7:177–88.CrossRefPubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Mantel N, Haenszel W. Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1959;22:719–48.PubMed Mantel N, Haenszel W. Statistical aspects of the analysis of data from retrospective studies of disease. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1959;22:719–48.PubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Higgins JP, Thompson SC. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med. 2002;21:1539–58.CrossRefPubMed Higgins JP, Thompson SC. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Stat Med. 2002;21:1539–58.CrossRefPubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Begg CB, Mazumdar M. Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Biometrics. 1994;50:1088–99.CrossRefPubMed Begg CB, Mazumdar M. Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias. Biometrics. 1994;50:1088–99.CrossRefPubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Belshe RB, Newman FK, Cannon J, et al. Serum antibody responses after intradermal vaccination against influenza. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:2286–94.CrossRefPubMed Belshe RB, Newman FK, Cannon J, et al. Serum antibody responses after intradermal vaccination against influenza. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:2286–94.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Holland D, Booy R, De Looze F, et al. Intradermal influenza vaccine administered using a new microinjection system produces superior immunogenicity in elderly adults: a randomized controlled trial. JID New Zealand. 2008;198:650–8. Holland D, Booy R, De Looze F, et al. Intradermal influenza vaccine administered using a new microinjection system produces superior immunogenicity in elderly adults: a randomized controlled trial. JID New Zealand. 2008;198:650–8.
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Arnou R, Icardi G, De Decker M, et al. Intradermal influenza vaccine for older adults: a randomized controlled multicenter phase III study. Vaccine. 2009;27:7304–12.CrossRefPubMed Arnou R, Icardi G, De Decker M, et al. Intradermal influenza vaccine for older adults: a randomized controlled multicenter phase III study. Vaccine. 2009;27:7304–12.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Chi RC, Rock MT, Neuzil KM. Immunogenicity and safety of intradermal influenza vaccination in healthy older adults. CID. 2010;50:1331–8.CrossRef Chi RC, Rock MT, Neuzil KM. Immunogenicity and safety of intradermal influenza vaccination in healthy older adults. CID. 2010;50:1331–8.CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Chuaychoo B, Wongsurakiat P, Nana A, et al. The immunogenicity of intradermal influenza vaccination in COPD patients. Vaccine. 2010;28:4045–51.CrossRefPubMed Chuaychoo B, Wongsurakiat P, Nana A, et al. The immunogenicity of intradermal influenza vaccination in COPD patients. Vaccine. 2010;28:4045–51.CrossRefPubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Van Damme P, Arnou R, Kafeja F, et al. Evaluation of non-inferiority of intradermal versus adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine using two serological techniques: a randomized comparative study. BMC Infect Dis. 2010;10:134.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Van Damme P, Arnou R, Kafeja F, et al. Evaluation of non-inferiority of intradermal versus adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine using two serological techniques: a randomized comparative study. BMC Infect Dis. 2010;10:134.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Ansaldi F, Orsi A, de Florentiis D, et al. Head-to-head comparison of an intradermal and a virosome influenza vaccine in patients over the age of 60: evaluation of immunogenicity, cross-protection, safety and tolerability. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013;9:591–8.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Ansaldi F, Orsi A, de Florentiis D, et al. Head-to-head comparison of an intradermal and a virosome influenza vaccine in patients over the age of 60: evaluation of immunogenicity, cross-protection, safety and tolerability. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013;9:591–8.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoon Han S, Hee Woo J, Weber F, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of Intanza®/IDflu® intradermal influenza vaccine in South Korean adults: a multicenter, randomized trial. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013;9:1971–7. Hoon Han S, Hee Woo J, Weber F, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of Intanza®/IDflu® intradermal influenza vaccine in South Korean adults: a multicenter, randomized trial. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013;9:1971–7.
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Scheifele DW, McNeil SA, Ward BJ, et al. Safety, immunogenicity, and tolerability of three influenza vaccines in older adults: results of a randomized, controlled comparison. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013;9:2460–73.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Scheifele DW, McNeil SA, Ward BJ, et al. Safety, immunogenicity, and tolerability of three influenza vaccines in older adults: results of a randomized, controlled comparison. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013;9:2460–73.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Tsang P, Gorse GJ, Strout CB, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of Fluzone® intradermal and high-dose influenza vaccines in older adults ≥65 years of age: a randomized, controlled, phase II trial. Vaccine. 2014;32:2507–17.CrossRefPubMed Tsang P, Gorse GJ, Strout CB, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of Fluzone® intradermal and high-dose influenza vaccines in older adults ≥65 years of age: a randomized, controlled, phase II trial. Vaccine. 2014;32:2507–17.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Della Cioppa G, Nicolay U, Lindert K, et al. A dose-ranging study in older adults to compare the safety and immunogenicity profiles of MF59®-adjuvanted and non-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccines following intradermal and intramuscular administration. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014;10:1701–10. Della Cioppa G, Nicolay U, Lindert K, et al. A dose-ranging study in older adults to compare the safety and immunogenicity profiles of MF59®-adjuvanted and non-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccines following intradermal and intramuscular administration. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2014;10:1701–10.
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Camilloni B, Basileo M, Di Martino A, et al. Antibody responses to intradermal or intramuscular MF59-adjuvanted influenza vaccines as evaluated in elderly institutionalized volunteers during a season of partial mismatching between vaccine and circulating A(H3N2) strains. Immun Ageing. 2014;11:10.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Camilloni B, Basileo M, Di Martino A, et al. Antibody responses to intradermal or intramuscular MF59-adjuvanted influenza vaccines as evaluated in elderly institutionalized volunteers during a season of partial mismatching between vaccine and circulating A(H3N2) strains. Immun Ageing. 2014;11:10.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Seo YB, Choi WS, Lee J, et al. Comparison of the immunogenicity and safety of the conventional subunit, MF59-adjuvanted, and intradermal influenza vaccines in the elderly. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2014;21:989–96.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Seo YB, Choi WS, Lee J, et al. Comparison of the immunogenicity and safety of the conventional subunit, MF59-adjuvanted, and intradermal influenza vaccines in the elderly. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2014;21:989–96.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Chan TC, Hung IF, Chan KH, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of intradermal trivalent influenza vaccination in nursing home older adults: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2014;15:607.e5–12. Chan TC, Hung IF, Chan KH, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of intradermal trivalent influenza vaccination in nursing home older adults: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2014;15:607.e5–12.
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Leroux-Roels I, Vets E, Freese R, et al. Seasonal influenza vaccine delivered by intradermal microinjection: a randomised controlled safety and immunogenicity trial in adults. Vaccine. 2008;26:6614–9.CrossRefPubMed Leroux-Roels I, Vets E, Freese R, et al. Seasonal influenza vaccine delivered by intradermal microinjection: a randomised controlled safety and immunogenicity trial in adults. Vaccine. 2008;26:6614–9.CrossRefPubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Beran J, Ambrozaitis A, Laiskonis A, et al. Intradermal influenza vaccination of healthy adults using a new microinjection system: a 3-year randomised controlled safety and immunogenicity trial. BMC Med. 2009;2:7–13. Beran J, Ambrozaitis A, Laiskonis A, et al. Intradermal influenza vaccination of healthy adults using a new microinjection system: a 3-year randomised controlled safety and immunogenicity trial. BMC Med. 2009;2:7–13.
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Arnou R, Eavis P, Pardo JR, et al. Immunogenicity, large scale safety and lot consistency of an intradermal influenza vaccine in adults aged 18–60 years: randomized, controlled, phase III trial. Hum Vaccin. 2010;6:346–54.CrossRefPubMed Arnou R, Eavis P, Pardo JR, et al. Immunogenicity, large scale safety and lot consistency of an intradermal influenza vaccine in adults aged 18–60 years: randomized, controlled, phase III trial. Hum Vaccin. 2010;6:346–54.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Marra F, Young F, Richardson K, et al. A meta-analysis of intradermal versus intramuscular influenza vaccines: immunogenicity and adverse events. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2013;7:584–603.CrossRefPubMed Marra F, Young F, Richardson K, et al. A meta-analysis of intradermal versus intramuscular influenza vaccines: immunogenicity and adverse events. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2013;7:584–603.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Manzoli L, De Vito C, Salanti G, et al. Meta-analysis of the immunogenicity and tolerability of pandemic influenza A 2009 (H1N1) vaccines. PLoS One. 2011;6:e24384.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Manzoli L, De Vito C, Salanti G, et al. Meta-analysis of the immunogenicity and tolerability of pandemic influenza A 2009 (H1N1) vaccines. PLoS One. 2011;6:e24384.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Weniger BG, Papania MJ. Alternative vaccine delivery methods. In: Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, Offit PA, editors. Vaccines. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2008. p. 1357–92. Weniger BG, Papania MJ. Alternative vaccine delivery methods. In: Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, Offit PA, editors. Vaccines. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2008. p. 1357–92.
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Reygrobellet C, Viala-Danten M, Meunier J, et al. Perception and acceptance of intradermal influenza vaccination: patient reported outcomes from phase 3 clinical trials. Hum Vaccin. 2010;6:336–45.CrossRefPubMed Reygrobellet C, Viala-Danten M, Meunier J, et al. Perception and acceptance of intradermal influenza vaccination: patient reported outcomes from phase 3 clinical trials. Hum Vaccin. 2010;6:336–45.CrossRefPubMed
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Foy JE, Hendriksz T, Malouf P, et al. Acceptability of fluzone intradermal vaccine to patients and vaccine administrators. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2013;113:134–43.PubMed Foy JE, Hendriksz T, Malouf P, et al. Acceptability of fluzone intradermal vaccine to patients and vaccine administrators. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2013;113:134–43.PubMed
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Durando P, Alicino C, Alberti M, et al. Acceptance and safety of the intradermal influenza vaccine among the elderly in Italy: an on-field national study. Adv Ther. 2012;29:312–26.CrossRefPubMed Durando P, Alicino C, Alberti M, et al. Acceptance and safety of the intradermal influenza vaccine among the elderly in Italy: an on-field national study. Adv Ther. 2012;29:312–26.CrossRefPubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Taddio A, Ipp M, Thivakaran S, et al. Survey of the prevalence of immunization on non-compliance due to needle fears in children and adults. Vaccine. 2012;30:4807–12.CrossRefPubMed Taddio A, Ipp M, Thivakaran S, et al. Survey of the prevalence of immunization on non-compliance due to needle fears in children and adults. Vaccine. 2012;30:4807–12.CrossRefPubMed
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Pileggi C, Carbone V, Pavia M, et al. Patients’ perceptions and related behaviours on role of primary care physician in Italy. Eur J Public Health. 2004;14:258–60.CrossRefPubMed Pileggi C, Carbone V, Pavia M, et al. Patients’ perceptions and related behaviours on role of primary care physician in Italy. Eur J Public Health. 2004;14:258–60.CrossRefPubMed
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Pavia M, Foresta MR, Carbone V, et al. Influenza and pneumococcal immunization in the elderly: knowledge, attitudes, and practices among general practitioners in Italy. Public Health. 2003;117:202–7.CrossRefPubMed Pavia M, Foresta MR, Carbone V, et al. Influenza and pneumococcal immunization in the elderly: knowledge, attitudes, and practices among general practitioners in Italy. Public Health. 2003;117:202–7.CrossRefPubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Ansaldi F, Canepa P, Ceravolo A, et al. Intanza® 15 mcg intradermal influenza vaccine elicits cross-reactive antibody responses against heterologous A(H3N2) influenza viruses. Vaccine. 2012;30:2908–13.CrossRefPubMed Ansaldi F, Canepa P, Ceravolo A, et al. Intanza® 15 mcg intradermal influenza vaccine elicits cross-reactive antibody responses against heterologous A(H3N2) influenza viruses. Vaccine. 2012;30:2908–13.CrossRefPubMed
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Orsi A, Ansaldi F, de Florentiis D, et al. Cross-protection against drifted influenza viruses: options offered by adjuvanted and intradermal vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013;9:582–90.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed Orsi A, Ansaldi F, de Florentiis D, et al. Cross-protection against drifted influenza viruses: options offered by adjuvanted and intradermal vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013;9:582–90.PubMedCentralCrossRefPubMed
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Goronzy JJ, Weyand CM. T cell development and receptor diversity during aging. Curr Opin Immunol. 2005;17:468–75.CrossRefPubMed Goronzy JJ, Weyand CM. T cell development and receptor diversity during aging. Curr Opin Immunol. 2005;17:468–75.CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Immunogenicity and Safety of Intradermal Influenza Vaccine in the Elderly: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
verfasst von
Claudia Pileggi
Valentina Mascaro
Aida Bianco
Carmelo G. A. Nobile
Maria Pavia
Publikationsdatum
01.10.2015
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
Drugs & Aging / Ausgabe 10/2015
Print ISSN: 1170-229X
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-1969
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40266-015-0303-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 10/2015

Drugs & Aging 10/2015 Zur Ausgabe

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Echinokokkose medikamentös behandeln oder operieren?

06.05.2024 DCK 2024 Kongressbericht

Die Therapie von Echinokokkosen sollte immer in spezialisierten Zentren erfolgen. Eine symptomlose Echinokokkose kann – egal ob von Hunde- oder Fuchsbandwurm ausgelöst – konservativ erfolgen. Wenn eine Op. nötig ist, kann es sinnvoll sein, vorher Zysten zu leeren und zu desinfizieren. 

Aquatherapie bei Fibromyalgie wirksamer als Trockenübungen

03.05.2024 Fibromyalgiesyndrom Nachrichten

Bewegungs-, Dehnungs- und Entspannungsübungen im Wasser lindern die Beschwerden von Patientinnen mit Fibromyalgie besser als das Üben auf trockenem Land. Das geht aus einer spanisch-brasilianischen Vergleichsstudie hervor.

Wo hapert es noch bei der Umsetzung der POMGAT-Leitlinie?

03.05.2024 DCK 2024 Kongressbericht

Seit November 2023 gibt es evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen zum perioperativen Management bei gastrointestinalen Tumoren (POMGAT) auf S3-Niveau. Vieles wird schon entsprechend der Empfehlungen durchgeführt. Wo es im Alltag noch hapert, zeigt eine Umfrage in einem Klinikverbund.

Das Risiko für Vorhofflimmern in der Bevölkerung steigt

02.05.2024 Vorhofflimmern Nachrichten

Das Risiko, im Lauf des Lebens an Vorhofflimmern zu erkranken, ist in den vergangenen 20 Jahren gestiegen: Laut dänischen Zahlen wird es drei von zehn Personen treffen. Das hat Folgen weit über die Schlaganfallgefährdung hinaus.

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.