Background
Methods
Study population and clinic
SMS adherence program
Hi (First name), this is your clinic. Remember to take your pills on schedule in order to ( One of : be strong or live a long life or feel well). Thank you.
Data sources
Statistical methods
Results
Full cohort
Patient characteristics
Variable | Exposed (n = 1771) | Unexposed (n = 316) | Unknown (n = 168) |
P-value for all |
P-value for Exposed vs. Unexposed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age in years (IQR) |
37.7 (32.4–43.9)
|
38.9 (33.1–46.6)
|
37.7 (31.7–42.9)
|
0.015
|
0.006
|
Female |
1,253 (70.8%)
|
203 (64.2%)
| 117 (69.6%) | 0.068 |
0.020
|
ART duration in years (IQR) | 2.4 (1.5–3.3) | 2.5 (1.6–3.5) | 2.5 (1.2–3.4) | 0.270 | 0.120 |
Prescription length in days (IQR) |
180 (65–180)
|
180 (66–180)
|
90 (36–180)
|
<0.001
| 0.846 |
Patients (%) with… |
<0.001
| 0.710 | |||
1-month prescriptions |
227 (12.8%)
|
43 (13.6%)
|
48 (28.6%)
| ||
2-month prescriptions |
282 (15.9%)
|
48 (15.2%)
|
24 (14.3%)
| ||
3-month prescriptions |
234 (13.2%)
|
35 (11.1%)
|
18 (10.7%)
| ||
6-month prescriptions |
1028 (58.0%)
|
190 (60.1%)
|
78 (46.4%)
| ||
First line regimen |
1,675 (94.6%)
|
295 (93.4%)
|
151 (89.9%)
|
0.041
| 0.383 |
Fixed dose combination |
28 (1.6%)
|
5 (1.6%)
|
9 (5.4%)
|
0.002
| 0.999 |
No pre-program observation time |
93 (5.3%)
|
22 (7.0%)
|
25 (14.9%)
|
<0.001
| 0.220 |
Transfer out during observation | 61 (3.4%) | 8 (2.5%) | 9 (5.4%) | 0.269 | 0.507 |
Prescription coverage for the full cohort
Effect of SMS program exposure on prescription coverage in the full cohort
Full Cohort,N = 2255 | <100% Baseline Coverage Subset, N = 725 | Recent ART Initiators Subset, N = 416 | |
---|---|---|---|
Covariate | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI); P-value | ||
Age (per year) |
1.03 (1.01–1.04);
P
< 0.001
|
1.02 (1.01–1.03);
P
= 0.001
|
1.03 (1.01–1.06);
P
= 0.016
|
Female gender |
1.55 (1.26–1.90);
P
< 0.001
|
1.32 (1.03–1.68);
P
= 0.027
| 0.92 (0.54–1.56); P = 0.751 |
Prior ART duration (per 30 days) |
–
|
–
|
–
|
Prescription length (per 30 days) |
1.28 (1.27–1.29);
P
< 0.001
|
1.17 (1.16–1.19);
P
< 0.001
|
1.31 (1.28–1.34);
P
< 0.001
|
First line regimen |
2.70 (2.33–3.12);
P
<0.001
|
4.30 (3.62–5.11);
P
< 0.001
|
5.52 (3.92–7.77);
P
< 0.001
|
Fixed dose combination |
2.71 (2.62–2.81);
P
< 0.001
|
3.51 (3.33–3.70);
P
< 0.001
|
2.88 (2.67–3.10);
P
< 0.001
|
During-program period |
0.61 (0.56–0.66);
P
< 0.001
|
1.56 (1.42–1.71);
P
< 0.001
|
0.53 (0.45–0.63);
P
< 0.001
|
Pre-program period coverage (by Group): | |||
Exposed vs. Unexposed | 1.05 (0.79–1.39); P = 0.732 | 1.00 (0.72–1.39); P = 0.992 |
2.53 (1.11–5.77);
P
= 0.028
|
Unknown vs. Unexposed |
1.60 (1.02–2.51);
P
= 0.040
| 1.48 (0.85–2.57); P = 0.166 |
3.07 (1.01–9.35);
P
= 0.049
|
Program Effect (= During-program period coverage, by Group, adjusting for the variables above): | |||
Exposed vs. Unexposed |
1.23 (1.13–1.34);
P
< 0.001
|
1.29 (1.17–1.43);
P
< 0.001
| 1.17 (0.97–1.42); P = 0.101 |
Unknown vs. Unexposed |
0.47 (0.41–0.54);
P
< 0.001
|
0.67 (0.57–0.80);
P
< 0.001
|
0.33 (0.24–0.45);
P
< 0.001
|