Background
Methods
Study design
Subjects
Questionnaire design
Assessment of general characteristics
Assessment of dyspnea
Pulmonary function
Assessment of COPD severity
Statistical analysis
Results
General characteristics
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity
Variables value (label) | Number | Score |
---|---|---|
FEV1(% predicted) | ||
0 (≥65%) | 3213 | 0 |
1 (36 ~ 64%) | 3339 | 3339 |
2 (≤35%) | 1045 | 2090 |
Total | 7597 | 5429 |
Dyspnea (MRC scale) | ||
0 (0) | 698 | 0 |
0 (1) | 2417 | 0 |
1 (2) | 1904 | 1904 |
2 (3) | 1479 | 2958 |
3 (4) | 1099 | 3297 |
Total | 7597 | 8159 |
Age (years) | ||
0 (40 ~ 49) | 1224 | 0 |
1 (50 ~ 59) | 1565 | 1565 |
2 (60 ~ 69) | 2125 | 4250 |
3 (70 ~ 79) | 2000 | 6000 |
4 (80 ~ 89) | 683 | 2732 |
Total | 7597 | 14547 |
ADO index | 7597 | 28135 |
Smoking and cooking behavior of COPD patients
The relationship between self-assessed physical strength and ADO index
Variables | Total | Same as other asymptomatic people | Short of breath with common work | Short of breath when climbing stairs | Short of breath with light activities | Short of breath when walking for one hundred steps |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Self-assessed physical strength (n,%) | 7597 | 799 (10.5%) | 2465 (32.4%) | 1855 (24.4%) | 1429 (18.8%) | 1049 (13.8%) |
ADO index (mean ± SD) | 3.7 ± 1.6 | 1.1 ± 1.1 | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 3.3 ± 1.6 | 5.9 ± 1.9 | 8.2 ± 2.7 |
The relationship between activities of daily living and ADO index
Activity | No limitation | Minor limitation | Major limitation | Severe limitation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dressing, washing, brushing teeth, combing, shaving, etc. | 435 (5.7%) | 1633 (21.5%) | 3163 (41.6%) | 2366 (31.1%) |
Bathing | 441 (5.8%) | 1652 (21.7%) | 3171 (41.7%) | 2333 (30.7%) |
Cooking, housekeeping, sweeping, laundry, etc. | 461 (6.1%) | 1728 (22.7%) | 3201 (42.1%) | 2207 (29.0%) |
Outdoor walking | 506 (6.7%) | 1767 (23.3%) | 3185 (41.9%) | 2139 (28.1%) |
Carrying goods | 430 (5.7%) | 1635 (21.5%) | 3158 (41.6%) | 2374 (31.2%) |
Walking up stairs | 431 (5.7%) | 1681 (22.1%) | 3173 (41.8%) | 2312 (30.4%) |
Appetite | 456 (6.0%) | 1712 (22.5%) | 3198 (42.1%) | 2231 (29.4%) |
Sleep | 432 (5.7%) | 1641 (21.6%) | 3186 (41.9%) | 2338 (30.8%) |
Taking medicine | 516 (6.8%) | 1731 (22.8%) | 3231 (42.5%) | 2119 (27.9%) |
Entertainment (playing chess, playing cards, etc.) | 439 (5.8%) | 1637 (21.5%) | 3153 (41.5%) | 2368 (31.2%) |
Assessment score (mean ± SD) | 10 ± 0 | 13.7 ± 9.8 | 24.6 ± 13.2 | 35.4 ± 15.7 |
ADO index (mean ± SD) | 1.4 ± 1.4 | 2.2 ± 1.6 | 3.3 ± 1.7 | 5.7 ± 2.1 |
The relationship between social activities and ADO index
Activity | No limitation | Minor limitation | Major limitation | Severe limitation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Communication with neighbors, colleagues, relatives and friends | 428 (5.6%) | 1713 (22.5%) | 3019 (39.7%) | 2437 (32.1%) |
Making friends | 435 (5.7%) | 1682 (22.1%) | 3115 (41.0%) | 2365 (31.1%) |
Joining neighborhood and public activities, etc. | 417 (5.5%) | 1637 (21.5%) | 3145 (41.4%) | 2398 (31.6%) |
Relationship with family | 478 (6.3%) | 1745 (23.0%) | 3267 (43.0%) | 2107 (27.7%) |
Assessment score (mean ± SD) | 4 ± 0 | 6.8 ± 1.1 | 10.6 ± 2.3 | 14.7 ± 2.5 |
ADO index (mean ± SD) | 1.2 ± 1.1 | 2.3 ± 1.5 | 3.5 ± 1.9 | 6.0 ± 2.7 |
The relationship between anxiety and ADO index
Variables | No | Seldom | More | Often※
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Feeling easily fatigued | 578 (7.6%) | 2712 (35.7%) | 3319 (43.7%) | 988 (13.0%) |
Feeling agitation | 505 (6.6%) | 2695 (35.5%) | 3435 (45.2%) | 962 (12.7%) |
Feeling impatient (lost his/her temper for no reason) | 593 (7.8%) | 2521 (33.5%) | 3299 (43.4%) | 1184 (15.6%) |
Feeling fear | 712 (9.4%) | 2627 (34.6%) | 3351 (44.1%) | 907 (11.9%) |
Having nightmares | 526 (6.9%) | 2739 (36.1%) | 3452 (45.4%) | 880 (11.6%) |
Assessment score (mean ± SD) | 5 ± 0 | 7.3 ± 1.2 | 13.4 ± 2.5 | 17.4 ± 2.4 |
ADO index (mean ± SD) | 1.1 ± 1.1 | 2.9 ± 1.4 | 4.2 ± 2.0 | 6.5 ± 2.8 |
The relationship between depression and ADO index
Variables | No | Seldom | More | Often※
| total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Depressed for sick | 1276 (16.8%) | 4023 (53.0%) | 1522 (20.0%) | 776 (10.2%) | 7597 |
Feeling worthless | 1377 (18.1%) | 4104 (54.0%) | 1360 (17.9%) | 756 (10.0%) | 7597 |
Feeling happy and satisfied with regards to life | 1294 (17.0%) | 4117 (54.2%) | 1423 (18.7%) | 763 (10.0%) | 7597 |
Worrying about COPD affecting self-health | 1192 (15.7%) | 4165 (54.8%) | 1453 (19.1%) | 787 (10.4%) | 7597 |
Feeling lonely | 1416 (18.6%) | 4009 (52.8%) | 1392 (18.3%) | 780 (10.3%) | 7597 |
Assessment score (mean ± SD) | 5 ± 0 | 7.5 ± 1.3 | 13.6 ± 2.4 | 17.6 ± 2.6 | 9.9 ± 2.0 |
ADO index (mean ± SD) | 1.3 ± 1.2 | 3.2 ± 1.5 | 5.1 ± 2.1 | 7.2 ± 2.7 | 3.7 ± 1.6 |