Background
Methods
Chemicals
Plant collection and sample preparation
Animals
Parasite
Infection of mice
Drug administration
In vivo acute toxicity assessment
Statistical analysis
Results
In vivo anti-plasmodial activity
Doses
|
Percent Parasitaemia per mouse (%)
|
Mean (%)
|
P
value of Tests vs Neg. control
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
| |||
25 | 6.25 | 6.75 | 6.50 | 6.80 | 6.20 |
6.50
| P < 0.001 |
50 | 3.66 | 3.69 | 3.43 | 3.80 | 3.40 |
3.59
| P < 0.001 |
75 | 2.06 | 2.10 | 1.54 | 2.00 | 1.80 |
1.90
| P < 0.001 |
100 | 0.90 | 0.96 | 1.16 | 1.08 | 0.90 |
1.10
| P < 0.001 |
Neg. control | 56.58 | 56.45 | 56.57 | 56.56 | 56.51 |
56.53
| |
SP (25/1.25) | 0.49 | 0.80 | 0.76 | 0.72 | 0.65 |
0.68
|
Dose in mg/kg body weight
|
Calculation of % inhibition of parasitaemia
|
Percent inhibition
|
P
value of Pos. control vs Tests
|
---|---|---|---|
25 | 100 - [6.5/56.53 × 100] |
88.50
| P < 0.05 |
50 | 100 - [3.59/56.53 × 100] |
93.65
| P < 0.05 |
75 | 100 - [1.9/56.53 × 100] |
96.64
| P > 0.05* |
100 | 100 - [1.1/56.53 × 100] |
98.054
| P > 0.05* |
Negative control | 100 - [56.53/56.53 × 100] |
0
| |
Positive control (SP) (25/1.25 | 100 - [0.52/56.53 × 100] |
99.08
|
Probit
|
Antiplasmodial activity in mg/kg BDW
|
Range at confidence interval 95% limits (mg/kg BDW)
|
---|---|---|
ED50
| 3.3 | 1.8 to 4.9 |
ED75
| 10.2 | 7.2 to 13.5 |
ED90
| 28.4 | 21.6 to 39.3 |
ED99
| 166.5 | 102.4 to 349.8 |
Dose in mg/kg body weight
|
Acute toxicity (survival at 24 and 48 hours)
| ||
---|---|---|---|
No. of mice
|
24 hours
|
48 hours
| |
200 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
300 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
400 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
800 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
1600 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
Acute toxicity
Response
|
Dosage of extract administered to test mice (mg/kg body weight)
| |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
200
|
300
|
400
|
800
|
1600
| ||||||
Before
|
After
|
Before
|
After
|
Before
|
After
|
Before
|
After
|
Before
|
After
| |
1. Alertness | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N |
2. Grooming | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
3. Tremors | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
4. Convulsion | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
5. Urination | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N |
6. Salivation | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N |
7. Writhing | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |