Background
Methods
Radiochemistry
Subjects
MRI measurements
PET measurements with arterial blood sampling
Metabolite analysis
Image data analysis
Kinetic analysis for brain anatomical regions
Feasibility of estimation of BPND and VT for MS lesions
Visual inspection of PET images
Results and discussion
Results
Kinetic analysis for brain regions
Region | Six MS naive | Three MS treatment (+) | Five HC | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | |
Whole gray matter | 4.1 | 3.2 | 5.3 | 3.7 | 2.8 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 2.4 | 8.9 |
ACC | 4.5 | 2.7 | 7.1 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 2.5 | 13.5 |
Caudate | 3.7 | 2.1 | 4.7 | 3.5 | 2.7 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 2.1 | 9.5 |
Putamen | 4.1 | 3.2 | 5.2 | 3.6 | 2.2 | 4.9 | 4.3 | 2.1 | 8.2 |
Thalamus | 4.5 | 3.4 | 5.9 | 5.2 | 2.8 | 8.8 | 6.1 | 2.4 | 13.9 |
Cerebellum | 4.2 | 3.2 | 5.1 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 2.4 | 9.1 |
Frontal cortex | 4.2 | 3.3 | 5.6 | 4.0 | 2.9 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 2.6 | 8.9 |
Hippocampus | 4.5 | 3.1 | 6.9 | 5.1 | 2.0 | 9.2 | 5.2 | 3.1 | 9.8 |
Insular cortex | 4.0 | 3.2 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 2.9 | 5.3 | 4.6 | 2.2 | 8.5 |
Lateral temporal cortex | 4.3 | 3.1 | 5.6 | 3.9 | 2.9 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 2.7 | 9.4 |
Midbrain | 6.4 | 3.0 | 14.0 | 6.6 | 2.5 | 13.0 | 5.5 | 2.9 | 11.7 |
Occipital cortex | 3.8 | 3.0 | 4.6 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 2.5 | 7.0 |
Orbitofrontal cortex | 5.4 | 3.2 | 12.2 | 4.0 | 2.8 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 2.8 | 9.1 |
Parietal cortex | 4.0 | 3.2 | 5.2 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 2.6 | 7.7 |
PCC | 4.3 | 2.5 | 6.3 | 4.4 | 2.4 | 8.0 | 5.4 | 2.7 | 8.4 |
Pons | 4.5 | 3.4 | 6.0 | 4.4 | 2.4 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 3.9 | 11.7 |
Region | Six MS naive | Three MS treatment (+) | Five HC | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | Mean | Min | Max | |
Whole gray matter | 14.0 | 11.8 | 17.2 | 10.1 | 7.8 | 13.8 | 14.0 | 7.2 | 17.8 |
ACC | 14.8 | 11.5 | 19.2 | 9.7 | 7.3 | 14.4 | 13.8 | 5.9 | 19.4 |
Caudate | 12.8 | 10.5 | 16.2 | 10.2 | 8.0 | 14.1 | 13.5 | 7.5 | 17.3 |
Putamen | 14.7 | 12.0 | 18.6 | 9.4 | 7.8 | 12.0 | 13.5 | 8.1 | 16.9 |
Thalamus | 15.3 | 13.2 | 20.6 | 13.3 | 9.5 | 20.3 | 15.9 | 6.4 | 19.3 |
Cerebellum | 14.9 | 12.6 | 17.6 | 10.5 | 8.4 | 14.3 | 14.1 | 7.4 | 18.6 |
Frontal cortex | 14.9 | 12.9 | 17.2 | 10.7 | 8.1 | 14.6 | 14.7 | 7.3 | 19.1 |
Hippocampus | 12.8 | 10.1 | 14.5 | 12.1 | 7.3 | 21.1 | 11.5 | 6.2 | 14.0 |
Insular cortex | 14.1 | 12.3 | 19.0 | 10.7 | 8.3 | 14.2 | 13.9 | 7.2 | 19.8 |
Lateral temporal cortex | 14.2 | 11.8 | 17.6 | 9.8 | 8.1 | 13.0 | 14.1 | 7.4 | 17.8 |
Midbrain | 14.4 | 9.7 | 22.4 | 11.0 | 7.3 | 18.0 | 10.9 | 6.6 | 13.8 |
Occipital cortex | 14.6 | 11.9 | 18.6 | 10.1 | 7.4 | 13.1 | 14.5 | 8.0 | 18.8 |
Orbitofrontal cortex | 19.4 | 12.0 | 44.5 | 10.8 | 8.3 | 14.5 | 14.7 | 7.8 | 20.2 |
Parietal cortex | 14.4 | 12.4 | 18.2 | 9.8 | 7.4 | 13.3 | 14.1 | 7.2 | 18.5 |
PCC | 16.2 | 12.7 | 25.2 | 11.9 | 8.0 | 19.6 | 15.8 | 8.4 | 23.2 |
Pons | 13.7 | 11.3 | 17.7 | 18.0 | 7.9 | 38.0 | 12.9 | 10.2 | 15.6 |
Feasibility of estimation of BPND and VT for MS lesions
Subject | Number of MS lesions | Gd(+) | Sizes of five largest MS plaques (cm
3) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total number | T2 and/or FLAIR high | MSL1 | MSL2 | MSL3 | MSL4 | MSL5 | ||
A | 14 | 13 | 2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1a
| 0.1 |
B | 20 | 18 | 6 | 6.2 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 1.6 | 0.7 |
C | 42 | 42 | 4 | 1.3a
| 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.8 |
D | 25 | 25 | 3 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
E | 31 | 31 | 20 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2a
|
F | 29 | 29 | 3 | 15 | 4.0 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.5 |
G | 10 | 10 | 5 | 10 | 1.8 | 0.2a
| 0.1 | 0.1 |
H | 30 | 30 | 3 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3a
| 0.2 |
I | 10 | 10 | 2 | 0.7a
| 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Subject | BP
ND
| VT | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MSL1 | MSL2 | MSL3 | MSL4 | MSL5 | MSL1 | MSL2 | MSL3 | MSL4 | MSL5 | |
A | - | 1.0 | - | 5.0a
| 4.2 | - | 1.6 | - | 17.1a
| 4.4 |
B | 8.2 | 3.9 | 5.5 | 15.7 | 6.4 | 15.1 | 10.6 | 11.8 | 13.7 | 11.1 |
C | 2.4a
| 14.1 | 5.7 | 4.2 | 9.0 | 12.6a
| 9.4 | 10.2 | 15.9 | 4.8 |
D | 4.3 | - | 9.3 | - | 3.3 | 7.1 | - | 5.5 | - | 6.8 |
E | 24.5 | - | 12.8 | 9.7 | 7.9a
| 7.2 | - | 19.7 | 11.9 | 10.2a
|
F | 26.9 | 17.2 | 3.4 | 19.4 | - | 22.9 | 15.1 | 8.8 | 16.5 | - |
G | 4.7 | 7.7 | 15.4a
| 0.3 | - | 11.3 | 11.6 | 32.4a
| 8.6 | - |
H | 5.0 | - | 15.9 | 26.3a
| 5.4 | 7.0 | 6.6 | 37.5 | 12.0a
| 5.5 |
I | 12.0a
| 4.0 | 27.3 | 16.8 | 4.0 | 35.6a
| 30.8 | 4.6 | 21.6 | 6.6 |
Subject | BP
ND
| VT | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Gd (+) | T2 and/or FLAIR high | Gd (+) | T2 and/or FLAIR high | |
A | 12.7 | 2.6 | 34.4 | 4.9 |
B | 26.6 | 5.7 | 28.7 | 11.1 |
C | 5.8 | 4.5 | 21.0 | 9.1 |
D | 3.9 | 5.9 | 4.8 | 7.6 |
E | 5.9 | 6.3 | 9.8 | 13.4 |
F | 12.5 | 13.3 | 13.5 | 13.8 |
G | 3.4 | 5.0 | 10.3 | 11.6 |
H | 60.1 | 4.6 | 9.0 | 9.3 |
I | 11.3 | 4.0 | 35.5 | 12.8 |