Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Osteoporosis International 5/2013

01.05.2013 | Original Article

Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor therapy in late-life depression is associated with increased marker of bone resorption

verfasst von: M. L. O. Shea, L. D. Garfield, S. Teitelbaum, R. Civitelli, B. H. Mulsant, C. F. Reynolds III, D. Dixon, P. Doré, E. J. Lenze

Erschienen in: Osteoporosis International | Ausgabe 5/2013

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Summary

Antidepressants are associated with bone loss and fractures in older adults. We treated depressed older adults with an antidepressant and examined its effects on bone turnover by comparing blood samples before and after treatment. Bone resorption increased after antidepressant treatment, which may increase fracture risk.

Introduction

Antidepressants have been associated with increased bone loss and fractures in older adults in observational studies, but the mechanism is unclear. We examined the effects of a serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, venlafaxine, on biomarkers of bone turnover in a prospective treatment study of late-life depression.

Methods

Seventy-six individuals aged 60 years and older with current major depressive disorder received a 12-week course of venlafaxine XR 150–300 mg daily. We measured serum C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX) and N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (P1NP), measures of bone resorption and formation, respectively, before and after treatment. We then analyzed the change in β-CTX and P1NP within each participant. Venlafaxine levels were measured at the end of the study. We assessed depression severity at baseline and remission status after treatment.

Results

After 12 weeks of venlafaxine, β-CTX increased significantly, whereas P1NP did not significantly change. The increase in β-CTX was significant only in participants whose depression did not remit (increase by 10 % in non-remitters vs. 4 % in remitters). Change in β-CTX was not correlated with serum levels of venlafaxine or norvenlafaxine.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that the primary effect of serotonergic antidepressants is to increase bone resorption. However, such an increase in bone resorption seemed to depend on whether or not participants’ depression remitted. Our results are in agreement with prior observational studies reporting increased bone loss in older adults taking serotonergic antidepressants. These negative effects on bone homeostasis could potentially contribute to increased fracture risk in older adults.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Olfson M, Marcus SC (2009) National patterns in antidepressant medication treatment. Arch Gen Psychiatry 66:848–856PubMedCrossRef Olfson M, Marcus SC (2009) National patterns in antidepressant medication treatment. Arch Gen Psychiatry 66:848–856PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Karkare SU, Bhattacharjee S, Kamble P, Aparasu R (2011) Prevalence and predictors of antidepressant prescribing in nursing home residents in the United States. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother 9:109–119PubMedCrossRef Karkare SU, Bhattacharjee S, Kamble P, Aparasu R (2011) Prevalence and predictors of antidepressant prescribing in nursing home residents in the United States. Am J Geriatr Pharmacother 9:109–119PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Warden SJ, Hassett SM, Bond JL et al (2010) Psychotropic drugs have contrasting skeletal effects that are independent of their effects on physical activity levels. Bone 46:985–992PubMedCrossRef Warden SJ, Hassett SM, Bond JL et al (2010) Psychotropic drugs have contrasting skeletal effects that are independent of their effects on physical activity levels. Bone 46:985–992PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Warden SJ, Nelson IR, Fuchs RK, Bliziotes MM, Turner CH (2008) Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) transporter inhibition causes bone loss in adult mice independently of estrogen deficiency. Menopause 15:1176–1183PubMedCrossRef Warden SJ, Nelson IR, Fuchs RK, Bliziotes MM, Turner CH (2008) Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) transporter inhibition causes bone loss in adult mice independently of estrogen deficiency. Menopause 15:1176–1183PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Bonnet N, Bernard P, Beaupied H, Bizot JC, Trovero F, Courteix D, Benhamou CL (2007) Various effects of antidepressant drugs on bone microarchitectecture, mechanical properties and bone remodeling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 221:111–118PubMedCrossRef Bonnet N, Bernard P, Beaupied H, Bizot JC, Trovero F, Courteix D, Benhamou CL (2007) Various effects of antidepressant drugs on bone microarchitectecture, mechanical properties and bone remodeling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 221:111–118PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Warden SJ, Robling AG, Sanders MS, Bliziotes MM, Turner CH (2005) Inhibition of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) transporter reduces bone accrual during growth. Endocrinology 146:685–693PubMedCrossRef Warden SJ, Robling AG, Sanders MS, Bliziotes MM, Turner CH (2005) Inhibition of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) transporter reduces bone accrual during growth. Endocrinology 146:685–693PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Warden SJ, Haney EM (2008) Skeletal effects of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) transporter inhibition: evidence from in vitro and animal-based studies. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 8:121–132PubMed Warden SJ, Haney EM (2008) Skeletal effects of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) transporter inhibition: evidence from in vitro and animal-based studies. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 8:121–132PubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Warden SJ, Robling AG, Haney EM, Turner CH, Bliziotes MM (2010) The emerging role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) in the skeleton and its mediation of the skeletal effects of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5). Bone 46:4–12PubMedCrossRef Warden SJ, Robling AG, Haney EM, Turner CH, Bliziotes MM (2010) The emerging role of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) in the skeleton and its mediation of the skeletal effects of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5). Bone 46:4–12PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Battaglino R, Vokes M, Schulze-Spate U, Sharma A, Graves D, Kohler T, Muller R, Yoganathan S, Stashenko P (2007) Fluoxetine treatment increases trabecular bone formation in mice. J Cell Biochem 100:1387–1394PubMedCrossRef Battaglino R, Vokes M, Schulze-Spate U, Sharma A, Graves D, Kohler T, Muller R, Yoganathan S, Stashenko P (2007) Fluoxetine treatment increases trabecular bone formation in mice. J Cell Biochem 100:1387–1394PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Gustafsson BI, Thommesen L, Stunes AK, Tommeras K, Westbroek I, Waldum HL, Slordahl K, Tamburstuen MV, Reseland JE, Syversen U (2006) Serotonin and fluoxetine modulate bone cell function in vitro. J Cell Biochem 98:139–151PubMedCrossRef Gustafsson BI, Thommesen L, Stunes AK, Tommeras K, Westbroek I, Waldum HL, Slordahl K, Tamburstuen MV, Reseland JE, Syversen U (2006) Serotonin and fluoxetine modulate bone cell function in vitro. J Cell Biochem 98:139–151PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Collet C, Schiltz C, Geoffroy V, Maroteaux L, Launay JM, de Vernejoul MC (2008) The serotonin 5-HT2B receptor controls bone mass via osteoblast recruitment and proliferation. FASEB J 22:418–427PubMedCrossRef Collet C, Schiltz C, Geoffroy V, Maroteaux L, Launay JM, de Vernejoul MC (2008) The serotonin 5-HT2B receptor controls bone mass via osteoblast recruitment and proliferation. FASEB J 22:418–427PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Yirmiya R, Goshen I, Bajayo A, Kreisel T, Feldman S, Tam J, Trembovler V, Csernus V, Shohami E, Bab I (2006) Depression induces bone loss through stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:16876–16881PubMedCrossRef Yirmiya R, Goshen I, Bajayo A, Kreisel T, Feldman S, Tam J, Trembovler V, Csernus V, Shohami E, Bab I (2006) Depression induces bone loss through stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:16876–16881PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Haney EM, Warden SJ (2008) Skeletal effects of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) transporter inhibition: evidence from clinical studies. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 8:133–145PubMed Haney EM, Warden SJ (2008) Skeletal effects of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) transporter inhibition: evidence from clinical studies. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 8:133–145PubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Haney EM, Chan BK, Diem SJ, Ensrud KE, Cauley JA, Barrett-Connor E, Orwoll E, Bliziotes MM (2007) Association of low bone mineral density with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use by older men. Arch Intern Med 167:1246–1251PubMedCrossRef Haney EM, Chan BK, Diem SJ, Ensrud KE, Cauley JA, Barrett-Connor E, Orwoll E, Bliziotes MM (2007) Association of low bone mineral density with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use by older men. Arch Intern Med 167:1246–1251PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Richards JB, Papaioannou A, Adachi JD, Joseph L, Whitson HE, Prior JC, Goltzman D (2007) Effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the risk of fracture. Arch Intern Med 167:188–194PubMedCrossRef Richards JB, Papaioannou A, Adachi JD, Joseph L, Whitson HE, Prior JC, Goltzman D (2007) Effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the risk of fracture. Arch Intern Med 167:188–194PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Diem SJ, Blackwell TL, Stone KL, Yaffe K, Haney EM, Bliziotes MM, Ensrud KE (2007) Use of antidepressants and rates of hip bone loss in older women: the study of osteoporotic fractures. Arch Intern Med 167:1240–1245PubMedCrossRef Diem SJ, Blackwell TL, Stone KL, Yaffe K, Haney EM, Bliziotes MM, Ensrud KE (2007) Use of antidepressants and rates of hip bone loss in older women: the study of osteoporotic fractures. Arch Intern Med 167:1240–1245PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Cauley JA, Fullman RL, Stone KL, Zmuda JM, Bauer DC, Barrett-Connor E, Ensrud K, Lau EM, Orwoll ES (2005) Factors associated with the lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density in older men. Osteoporos Int 16:1525–1537PubMedCrossRef Cauley JA, Fullman RL, Stone KL, Zmuda JM, Bauer DC, Barrett-Connor E, Ensrud K, Lau EM, Orwoll ES (2005) Factors associated with the lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density in older men. Osteoporos Int 16:1525–1537PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Williams LJ, Henry MJ, Berk M, Dodd S, Jacka FN, Kotowicz MA, Nicholson GC, Pasco JA (2008) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use and bone mineral density in women with a history of depression. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 23:84–87PubMedCrossRef Williams LJ, Henry MJ, Berk M, Dodd S, Jacka FN, Kotowicz MA, Nicholson GC, Pasco JA (2008) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use and bone mineral density in women with a history of depression. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 23:84–87PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Bolton JM, Targownik LE, Leung S, Sareen J, Leslie WD (2011) Risk of low bone mineral density associated with psychotropic medications and mental disorders in postmenopausal women. J Clin Psychopharmacol 31:56–60PubMedCrossRef Bolton JM, Targownik LE, Leung S, Sareen J, Leslie WD (2011) Risk of low bone mineral density associated with psychotropic medications and mental disorders in postmenopausal women. J Clin Psychopharmacol 31:56–60PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Mezuk B, Eaton WW, Golden SH, Wand G, Lee HB (2008) Depression, antidepressants, and bone mineral density in a population-based cohort. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 63:1410–1415PubMedCrossRef Mezuk B, Eaton WW, Golden SH, Wand G, Lee HB (2008) Depression, antidepressants, and bone mineral density in a population-based cohort. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 63:1410–1415PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Michelson D, Stratakis C, Hill L, Reynolds J, Galliven E, Chrousos G, Gold P (1996) Bone mineral density in women with depression. N Engl J Med 335:1176–1181PubMedCrossRef Michelson D, Stratakis C, Hill L, Reynolds J, Galliven E, Chrousos G, Gold P (1996) Bone mineral density in women with depression. N Engl J Med 335:1176–1181PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Kinjo M, Setoguchi S, Schneeweiss S, Solomon DH (2005) Bone mineral density in subjects using central nervous system-active medications. Am J Med 118:1414PubMedCrossRef Kinjo M, Setoguchi S, Schneeweiss S, Solomon DH (2005) Bone mineral density in subjects using central nervous system-active medications. Am J Med 118:1414PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Spangler L, Scholes D, Brunner RL, Robbins J, Reed SD, Newton KM, Melville JL, Lacroix AZ (2008) Depressive symptoms, bone loss, and fractures in postmenopausal women. J Gen Intern Med 23:567–574PubMedCrossRef Spangler L, Scholes D, Brunner RL, Robbins J, Reed SD, Newton KM, Melville JL, Lacroix AZ (2008) Depressive symptoms, bone loss, and fractures in postmenopausal women. J Gen Intern Med 23:567–574PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Ensrud KE, Blackwell T, Mangione CM, Bowman PJ, Bauer DC, Schwartz A, Hanlon JT, Nevitt MC, Whooley MA (2003) Central nervous system active medications and risk for fractures in older women. Arch Intern Med 163:949–957PubMedCrossRef Ensrud KE, Blackwell T, Mangione CM, Bowman PJ, Bauer DC, Schwartz A, Hanlon JT, Nevitt MC, Whooley MA (2003) Central nervous system active medications and risk for fractures in older women. Arch Intern Med 163:949–957PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Diem SJ, Blackwell TL, Stone KL, Cauley JA, Hillier TA, Haney EM, Ensrud KE (2011) Use of antidepressant medications and risk of fracture in older women. Calcif Tissue Int 88:476–484PubMedCrossRef Diem SJ, Blackwell TL, Stone KL, Cauley JA, Hillier TA, Haney EM, Ensrud KE (2011) Use of antidepressant medications and risk of fracture in older women. Calcif Tissue Int 88:476–484PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Lewis CE, Ewing SK, Taylor BC, Shikany JM, Fink HA, Ensrud KE, Barrett-Connor E, Cummings SR, Orwoll E (2007) Predictors of non-spine fracture in elderly men: the MrOS study. Research J Bone Miner Res Off J Am Soc Bone Miner Res 22:211–219CrossRef Lewis CE, Ewing SK, Taylor BC, Shikany JM, Fink HA, Ensrud KE, Barrett-Connor E, Cummings SR, Orwoll E (2007) Predictors of non-spine fracture in elderly men: the MrOS study. Research J Bone Miner Res Off J Am Soc Bone Miner Res 22:211–219CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Eom CS, Lee HK, Ye S, Park SM, Cho KH (2012) Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risk of fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of bone and mineral research: the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research Eom CS, Lee HK, Ye S, Park SM, Cho KH (2012) Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risk of fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of bone and mineral research: the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Eskandari F, Martinez PE, Torvik S et al (2007) Low bone mass in premenopausal women with depression. Arch Intern Med 167:2329–2336PubMedCrossRef Eskandari F, Martinez PE, Torvik S et al (2007) Low bone mass in premenopausal women with depression. Arch Intern Med 167:2329–2336PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Wong SY, Lau EM, Lynn H, Leung PC, Woo J, Cummings SR, Orwoll E (2005) Depression and bone mineral density: is there a relationship in elderly Asian men? Results from Mr. Os (Hong Kong). Osteoporos Int 16:610–615PubMedCrossRef Wong SY, Lau EM, Lynn H, Leung PC, Woo J, Cummings SR, Orwoll E (2005) Depression and bone mineral density: is there a relationship in elderly Asian men? Results from Mr. Os (Hong Kong). Osteoporos Int 16:610–615PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Jacka FN, Pasco JA, Henry MJ, Kotowicz MA, Dodd S, Nicholson GC, Berk M (2005) Depression and bone mineral density in a community sample of perimenopausal women: Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Menopause 12:88–91PubMedCrossRef Jacka FN, Pasco JA, Henry MJ, Kotowicz MA, Dodd S, Nicholson GC, Berk M (2005) Depression and bone mineral density in a community sample of perimenopausal women: Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Menopause 12:88–91PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Robbins J, Hirsch C, Whitmer R, Cauley J, Harris T (2001) The association of bone mineral density and depression in an older population. J Am Geriatr Soc 49:732–736PubMedCrossRef Robbins J, Hirsch C, Whitmer R, Cauley J, Harris T (2001) The association of bone mineral density and depression in an older population. J Am Geriatr Soc 49:732–736PubMedCrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Coelho R, Silva C, Maia A, Prata J, Barros H (1999) Bone mineral density and depression: a community study in women. J Psychosom Res 46:29–35PubMedCrossRef Coelho R, Silva C, Maia A, Prata J, Barros H (1999) Bone mineral density and depression: a community study in women. J Psychosom Res 46:29–35PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Silverman SL, Shen W, Minshall ME, Xie S, Moses KH (2007) Prevalence of depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density and/or prevalent vertebral fracture: results from the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) study. J Rheumatol 34:140–144PubMed Silverman SL, Shen W, Minshall ME, Xie S, Moses KH (2007) Prevalence of depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density and/or prevalent vertebral fracture: results from the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) study. J Rheumatol 34:140–144PubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Mussolino ME (2005) Depression and hip fracture risk: the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study. Public Health Rep 120:71–75PubMed Mussolino ME (2005) Depression and hip fracture risk: the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study. Public Health Rep 120:71–75PubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Diem SJ, Harrison SL, Haney E, Cauley JA, Stone KL, Orwoll E, Ensrud KE (2012) Depressive symptoms and rates of bone loss at the hip in older men. Osteoporos Int. doi:10.1007/s00198-012-1975-0 Diem SJ, Harrison SL, Haney E, Cauley JA, Stone KL, Orwoll E, Ensrud KE (2012) Depressive symptoms and rates of bone loss at the hip in older men. Osteoporos Int. doi:10.​1007/​s00198-012-1975-0
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Whyte EM, Basinski J, Farhi P, Dew MA, Begley A, Mulsant BH, Reynolds CF (2004) Geriatric depression treatment in nonresponders to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. J Clin Psychiatry 65:1634–1641PubMedCrossRef Whyte EM, Basinski J, Farhi P, Dew MA, Begley A, Mulsant BH, Reynolds CF (2004) Geriatric depression treatment in nonresponders to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. J Clin Psychiatry 65:1634–1641PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Szulc P, Delmas PD (2008) Biochemical markers of bone turnover: potential use in the investigation and management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 19:1683–1704PubMedCrossRef Szulc P, Delmas PD (2008) Biochemical markers of bone turnover: potential use in the investigation and management of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 19:1683–1704PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Civitelli R, Armamento-Villareal R, Napoli N (2009) Bone turnover markers: understanding their value in clinical trials and clinical practice. Osteoporos Int 20:843–851PubMedCrossRef Civitelli R, Armamento-Villareal R, Napoli N (2009) Bone turnover markers: understanding their value in clinical trials and clinical practice. Osteoporos Int 20:843–851PubMedCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M (1996) Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis i disorders (SCID), clinician version: administration booklet. Amer Psychiatric Pub Inc, Washington First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M (1996) Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis i disorders (SCID), clinician version: administration booklet. Amer Psychiatric Pub Inc, Washington
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Montgomery SA, Asberg M (1979) A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. Br J Psychiatry: J Ment Sci 134:382–389 Montgomery SA, Asberg M (1979) A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. Br J Psychiatry: J Ment Sci 134:382–389
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR (1975) Mini-mental state. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12:189–198PubMedCrossRef Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR (1975) Mini-mental state. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12:189–198PubMedCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Hannon R, Eastell R (2000) Preanalytical variability of biochemical markers of bone turnover. Osteoporos Int 11(Suppl 6):S30–S44PubMedCrossRef Hannon R, Eastell R (2000) Preanalytical variability of biochemical markers of bone turnover. Osteoporos Int 11(Suppl 6):S30–S44PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Randolph C (1998) Repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status manual. The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX Randolph C (1998) Repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status manual. The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Miller MD, Paradis CF, Houck PR, Mazumdar S, Stack JA, Rifai AH, Mulsant B, Reynolds CF 3rd (1992) Rating chronic medical illness burden in geropsychiatric practice and research: application of the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale. Psychiatry Res 41:237–248PubMedCrossRef Miller MD, Paradis CF, Houck PR, Mazumdar S, Stack JA, Rifai AH, Mulsant B, Reynolds CF 3rd (1992) Rating chronic medical illness burden in geropsychiatric practice and research: application of the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale. Psychiatry Res 41:237–248PubMedCrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Seibel MJ (2005) Biochemical markers of bone turnover: part I: biochemistry and variability. Clin Biochem Rev 26:97–122PubMed Seibel MJ (2005) Biochemical markers of bone turnover: part I: biochemistry and variability. Clin Biochem Rev 26:97–122PubMed
46.
Zurück zum Zitat O'Donnell JM, Shelton RC (2011) Drug Therapy of depression and anxiety disorders. In Laurence L. Brunton BAC, Bjorn C. Knollmann (ed) Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 12th edition. McGraw-Hill, New York O'Donnell JM, Shelton RC (2011) Drug Therapy of depression and anxiety disorders. In Laurence L. Brunton BAC, Bjorn C. Knollmann (ed) Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 12th edition. McGraw-Hill, New York
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Battaglino R, Fu J, Spate U, Ersoy U, Joe M, Sedaghat L, Stashenko P (2004) Serotonin regulates osteoclast differentiation through its transporter. J Bone Miner Res 19:1420–1431PubMedCrossRef Battaglino R, Fu J, Spate U, Ersoy U, Joe M, Sedaghat L, Stashenko P (2004) Serotonin regulates osteoclast differentiation through its transporter. J Bone Miner Res 19:1420–1431PubMedCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Tjurmina OA, Armando I, Saavedra JM, Li Q, Murphy DL (2004) Life-long serotonin reuptake deficiency results in complex alterations in adrenomedullary responses to stress. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1018:99–104PubMedCrossRef Tjurmina OA, Armando I, Saavedra JM, Li Q, Murphy DL (2004) Life-long serotonin reuptake deficiency results in complex alterations in adrenomedullary responses to stress. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1018:99–104PubMedCrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Beluche I, Chaudieu I, Norton J, Carriere I, Boulenger JP, Ritchie K, Ancelin ML (2008) Persistence of abnormal cortisol levels in elderly persons after recovery from major depression. J Psychiatr Res Beluche I, Chaudieu I, Norton J, Carriere I, Boulenger JP, Ritchie K, Ancelin ML (2008) Persistence of abnormal cortisol levels in elderly persons after recovery from major depression. J Psychiatr Res
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Simon NM, McNamara K, Chow CW, Maser RS, Papakostas GI, Pollack MH, Nierenberg AA, Fava M, Wong KK (2008) A detailed examination of cytokine abnormalities in Major Depressive Disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 18:230–233PubMedCrossRef Simon NM, McNamara K, Chow CW, Maser RS, Papakostas GI, Pollack MH, Nierenberg AA, Fava M, Wong KK (2008) A detailed examination of cytokine abnormalities in Major Depressive Disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 18:230–233PubMedCrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Aydin H, Mutlu N, Akbas NB (2011) Treatment of a major depression episode suppresses markers of bone turnover in premenopausal women. J Psychiatr Res 45:1316–1320PubMedCrossRef Aydin H, Mutlu N, Akbas NB (2011) Treatment of a major depression episode suppresses markers of bone turnover in premenopausal women. J Psychiatr Res 45:1316–1320PubMedCrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Wilson KC, Copeland JR, Taylor S, Donoghue J, McCracken CF (1999) Natural history of pharmacotherapy of older depressed community residents. The MRC-ALPHA Study. Br J Psychiatry 175:439–443PubMedCrossRef Wilson KC, Copeland JR, Taylor S, Donoghue J, McCracken CF (1999) Natural history of pharmacotherapy of older depressed community residents. The MRC-ALPHA Study. Br J Psychiatry 175:439–443PubMedCrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Leon AC, Heo M (2009) Sample sizes required to detect interactions between two binary fixed-effects in a mixed-effects linear regression model. Comput Stat Data Anal 53:603–608PubMedCrossRef Leon AC, Heo M (2009) Sample sizes required to detect interactions between two binary fixed-effects in a mixed-effects linear regression model. Comput Stat Data Anal 53:603–608PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor therapy in late-life depression is associated with increased marker of bone resorption
verfasst von
M. L. O. Shea
L. D. Garfield
S. Teitelbaum
R. Civitelli
B. H. Mulsant
C. F. Reynolds III
D. Dixon
P. Doré
E. J. Lenze
Publikationsdatum
01.05.2013
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Osteoporosis International / Ausgabe 5/2013
Print ISSN: 0937-941X
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-2965
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-012-2170-z

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 5/2013

Osteoporosis International 5/2013 Zur Ausgabe

Arthropedia

Grundlagenwissen der Arthroskopie und Gelenkchirurgie. Erweitert durch Fallbeispiele, Videos und Abbildungen. 
» Jetzt entdecken

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

07.05.2024 Medizinstudium Nachrichten

Extreme Arbeitsverdichtung und kaum Supervision: Dr. Andrea Martini, Sprecherin des Bündnisses Junge Ärztinnen und Ärzte (BJÄ) über den Frust des ärztlichen Nachwuchses und die Vorteile des Rucksack-Modells.

Aquatherapie bei Fibromyalgie wirksamer als Trockenübungen

03.05.2024 Fibromyalgiesyndrom Nachrichten

Bewegungs-, Dehnungs- und Entspannungsübungen im Wasser lindern die Beschwerden von Patientinnen mit Fibromyalgie besser als das Üben auf trockenem Land. Das geht aus einer spanisch-brasilianischen Vergleichsstudie hervor.

Endlich: Zi zeigt, mit welchen PVS Praxen zufrieden sind

IT für Ärzte Nachrichten

Darauf haben viele Praxen gewartet: Das Zi hat eine Liste von Praxisverwaltungssystemen veröffentlicht, die von Nutzern positiv bewertet werden. Eine gute Grundlage für wechselwillige Ärztinnen und Psychotherapeuten.

Proximale Humerusfraktur: Auch 100-Jährige operieren?

01.05.2024 DCK 2024 Kongressbericht

Mit dem demographischen Wandel versorgt auch die Chirurgie immer mehr betagte Menschen. Von Entwicklungen wie Fast-Track können auch ältere Menschen profitieren und bei proximaler Humerusfraktur können selbst manche 100-Jährige noch sicher operiert werden.

Update Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.