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International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

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01.07.2005 | Original Article

Nephrotoxicity of organic solvents: biomarkers for early detection

Erschienen in: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health | Ausgabe 6/2005

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Abstract

Objectives: Evidence for a relationship between chronic kidney diseases or progression of already existing diseases (glomerulonephritides) and occupational solvent exposure has been found in case reports, in case-control studies and also in cross-sectional studies. An analysis of the available literature was performed with respect to markers measured in cross-sectional studies that might be useful for an early detection of solvent-induced effects on the kidney. Methods: The relevant cross-sectional studies were evaluated and the following markers were analyzed with respect to their suitability as biomarker for renal damage: total protein, albumin, transferrin, IgG, β₂-microglobulin, retinol-binding protein, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, alanine aminopeptidase, β-galactosidase, β-glucuronidase, leucin aminopeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme, Tamm-Horsfall protein and laminin fragments in urine as well as E-selectin, laminin and anti-laminin antibodies and anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies in serum. Results: An increased albumin excretion was observed more frequently in groups of workers exposed to various solvents (like toluene, styrene, aliphatic/aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures, tetrachloroethene, mixtures of chlorinated hydrocarbons) than in controls. No clear pattern emerged for the other markers. Conclusions: The determination of albumin excretion in the urine appears to be a useful parameter for monitoring solvent-exposed workers.

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Titel: Nephrotoxicity of organic solvents: biomarkers for early detection
Publikationsdatum: 01.07.2005
Erschienen in: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health / Ausgabe 6/2005
Print ISSN: 0340-0131
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1246
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-005-0611-0

Springer Medizin

Abstract

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