Introduction
Materials and methods
Patients
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Aggressive periodontitis: Patient is clinically healthy; that is, systemic diseases predisposing for periodontitis are not known; radiographic bone loss greater than or equal to 50% in at least two different teeth and age less that or equal to 35 years at time of diagnosis.
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Moderate and severe chronic periodontitis: attachment loss greater than or equal to 3 mm and age greater than 35 years [19].
Clinical examination
Radiographic examination and evaluation
Therapy
Statistical analysis
Data handling
Reproducibility
Treatment comparison
Results
Variable | Number (n = 41) | Percent | |
---|---|---|---|
Age | 45.9 ± 10.9 | ||
Sex | Female | 22 | 53.7 |
Smoking | Active | 19 | 46.3 |
Former | 12 | 29.3 | |
Never | 10 | 24.4 | |
Diagnosis | Aggressive | 8 | 19.5 |
Reproducibility
Examination | Measurements (n) |
s (RAL-V) |
s (PPD) |
---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 8,400 | 0.49 | 0.49 |
3 months | 8,376 | 0.44 | 0.39 |
6 months | 8,292 | 0.53 | 0.39 |
Baseline data
Baseline | 3 months | 6 months | |
---|---|---|---|
Sites | 4,146 | 4,146 | 4,146 |
RAL-V (mm) | 5.12 ± 2.20 | 4.87 ± 1.87 | 4.92 ± 1.84 |
PPD (mm) | 3.25 ± 1.83 | 2.67 ± 1.19 | 2.67 ± 1.20 |
GI | 0.78 ± 0.97 | 0.51 ± 0.86 | 0.51 ± 0.86 |
PlI | 0.16 ± 0.51 | 0.32 ± 0.70 | 0.37 ± 0.74 |
Sites | No therapy | SRP | AF | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1,440 | Range | 2,478 | Range | 198 | Range | |
RAL-V/mm | 4.35 ± 1.82* | 1.25–19.00 | 5.55 ± 2.30 | 1.75–18.00 | 5.39 ± 2.02 | 2.25–12.00 |
PPD/mm | 2.45 ± 1.13* | 0.25–2.75 | 3.66 ± 1.98 | 0.50–12.25 | 3.98 ± 2.02 | 1.00–10.50 |
GI | 0.48 ± 0.84* | 0.94 ± 1.00 | 1.02 ± 0.98 | |||
PlI | 0.15 ± 0.49 | 0.16 ± 0.53 | 0.14 ± 0.49 |
Maxilla | mandible | premolar | anterior | interproximal | buccal/oral | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sites | 1,926 | 2,220 | 1,590 | 2,566 | 2,764 | 1,382 |
RAL-V/mm | 5.24 ± 2.14* | 5.00 ± 2.26 | 5.19 ± 2.20* | 5.07 ± 2.22 | 5.37 ± 2.26* | 4.60 ± 2.01 |
PPD/mm | 3.55 ± 1.88* | 3.00 ± 1.78 | 3.47 ± 1.88* | 3.12 ± 1.81 | 3.67 ± 1.82* | 2.43 ± 1.59 |
GI | 0.80 ± 0.98* | 0.76 ± 0.96 | 0.83 ± 0.97* | 0.75 ± 0.96 | 0.89 ± 0.98* | 0.56 ± 0.89 |
PlI | 0.11 ± 0.43* | 0.19 ± 0.57 | 0.14 ± 0.48* | 0.17 ± 0.53 | 0.18 ± 0.54* | 0.11 ± 0.44 |
Treatment effect
3 months after therapy | 6 months after therapy | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No therapy | SRP | AF | No therapy | SRP | AF | |
Sites | 1,440 | 2,478 | 198 | 1,440 | 2,478 | 198 |
RAL-V (mm) | 4.37 ± 1.76 | 5.13 ± 1.90 | 5.14 ± 1.64 | 4.47 ± 1.76 | 5.17 ± 1.85 | 5.11 ± 1.61 |
PPD (mm) | 2.33 ± 0.96 | 2.84 ± 1.25 | 3.09 ± 1.34 | 2.35 ± 1.05 | 2.83 ± 1.24 | 2.99 ± 1.27 |
GI | 0.36 ± 0.76 | 0.58 ± 0.90 | 0.69 ± 0.94 | 0.36 ± 0.76 | 0.58 ± 0.90 | 0.65 ± 0.93 |
PlI | 0.22 ± 0.56 | 0.36 ± 0.74 | 0.52 ± 0.89 | 0.31 ± 0.68 | 0.41 ± 0.78 | 0.27 ± 0.65 |
3 months after therapy | 6 months after therapy | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No therapy | SRP | AF | No therapy | SRP | AF | |
Sites | 1,440 | 2,478 | 198 | 1,440 | 2,478 | 198 |
RAL-V (mm) | 0.03 ± 0.74 | 0.41 ± 1.11* | 0.26 ± 1.06* | 0.12 ± 0.94 | 0.38 ± 1.20* | 0.28 ± 1.18* |
PPD (mm) | −0.11 ± 0.72 | −0.82 ± 1.33* | −0.89 ± 1.25* | 0.09 ± 0.87 | −0.82 ± 1.40* | −0.99 ± 1.41* |
GI | −0.13 ± 0.97 | −0.36 ± 1.14* | −0.33 ± 1.14* | −0.13 ± 1.03 | −0.36 ± 1.18* | −0.36 ± 1.44* |
PlI | 0.08 ± 0.69 | 0.20 ± 0.82* | 0.37 ± 0.97* | 0.16 ± 0.75 | 0.25 ± 0.87* | 0.13 ± 0.68* |
Prognostic factors
Estimate | SE |
df
|
F value |
p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | −1.8776 | 0.1068 | 37 | ||
Current smoking | −0.2875 | 0.1106 | 3,427 | 6.76 | 0.0094 |
Site (interproximal) | −0.2341 | 0.0277 | 3,427 | 71.28 | <0.0001 |
Aggressive periodontitis | −0.2903 | 0.1308 | 3,427 | 4.93 | 0.0265 |
Baseline PPD | 0.2746 | 0.0158 | 3,427 | 303.72 | <0.0001 |
Baseline RAL-V | 0.1832 | 0.0141 | 3,427 | 169.61 | <0.0001 |
Estimate | SE |
df
|
F value |
p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | −1.6487 | 0.1037 | 38 | ||
Current smoking | −0.3312 | 0.1055 | 3,451 | 9.86 | 0.0017 |
Jaw (maxilla) | −0.1299 | 0.0324 | 3,451 | 16.05 | <0.0001 |
Site (interproximal) | −0.3664 | 0.0262 | 3,451 | 195.10 | <0.0001 |
Tooth type (premolar) | −0.0501 | 0.0338 | 3,451 | 2.20 | 0.1381 |
Baseline PPD | 0.6162 | 0.0146 | 3,451 | 1774.31 | <0.0001 |
Baseline RAL-V | −0.0354 | 0.0128 | 3,451 | 7.63 | 0.0058 |
Baseline Plaque Index | −0.0368 | 0.0244 | 3,451 | 2.27 | 0.1318 |
Scaling and root planing | 0.1171 | 0.0392 | 3,451 | 4.48 | 0.0114 |
Access flap | 0.0997 | 0.0861 | 3,451 | 4.48 | 0.0114 |
Estimate | SE |
df
|
F value |
p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | −1.8290 | 0.1385 | 33 | ||
Current smoking | −0.3758 | 0.1334 | 1,313 | 7.94 | 0.0049 |
Tooth type (premolar) | −0.0763 | 0.0502 | 1,313 | 2.31 | 0.1292 |
Aggressive periodontitis | −0.3311 | 0.1635 | 1,313 | 4.10 | 0.0431 |
Baseline PPD | 0.2371 | 0.0256 | 1,313 | 85.86 | <0.0001 |
Baseline RAL-V | 0.2637 | 0.0242 | 1,313 | 118.36 | <0.0001 |
Bone loss in % | −0.0115 | 0.0016 | 1,313 | 50.58 | <0.0001 |
Estimate | SE |
df
|
F value |
p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | −2.0771 | 0.1364 | 34 | ||
Current smoking | −0.4646 | 0.1197 | 1,313 | 15.08 | 0.0001 |
Jaw (maxilla) | −0.1469 | 0.0433 | 1,313 | 11.51 | 0.0007 |
Baseline PPD | 0.6286 | 0.0119 | 1,313 | 2791.95 | <0.0001 |
Baseline Plaque Index | −0.0550 | 0.0332 | 1,313 | 2.75 | 0.0097 |
Infrabony defect | −0.2932 | 0.0671 | 1,313 | 19.10 | <0.0001 |