Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Inflammopharmacology 3/2010

01.06.2010 | Short Communication

Effect of hexane fraction of leaves of Cinnamomum tamala Linn on macrophage functions

verfasst von: J. K. Chaurasia, Nidhi Pandey, Yamini Bhushan Tripathi

Erschienen in: Inflammopharmacology | Ausgabe 3/2010

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

The leaves of Cinnamomum tamala Linn (Lauraceae), component of Indian spices are associated with hypoglycemic property in Ayurveda; however, no report is available towards its immunomodulation property, which has been explored here. The dried powder of CT leaves was extracted with hexane and solvent free extract (CTH) was given orally to rats for 10 days, in various doses. Its effect was studied on peritoneal macrophage functions, and was compared with ascorbic acid (1,000 mg/kg, immune-stimulant) and cyclophosphamide (10 mg/kg, immune-suppressant). CTH significantly suppressed phagocytosis activity (EC50 2,355 ± 52.45 mg/kg), reduced production of superoxide (EC50 275.91 ± 10.21 μg/ml) and cellular NADPH (EC50 384.959 ± 4.85 μg/ml) content in concentration dependent manner. It also inhibited LPS induced production of nitric oxide (EC50 143.75 ± 3.40 μg/ml) and iNOS protein expression (EC50 183.132 μg/ml). Thus, it could be suggested that non-polar hexane fraction of leaves of C. tamala possesses immunosuppressive property, which is mediated through modulation of innate immunity.
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Adema CM, van der Knapp WPM, Sminia T (1991) Molluscan hemocyte-mediated cytotoxicity:the role of reactive oxygen intermediates. Rev Aquat Sci 4:201–223 Adema CM, van der Knapp WPM, Sminia T (1991) Molluscan hemocyte-mediated cytotoxicity:the role of reactive oxygen intermediates. Rev Aquat Sci 4:201–223
Zurück zum Zitat Agrwal R, Tripathi AK, Chakrabarty AK (2003) Effect of ascorbic acid on stimulatory status of mouse peritoneal phagocytes. Indian J Exp Biol 41:290–295 Agrwal R, Tripathi AK, Chakrabarty AK (2003) Effect of ascorbic acid on stimulatory status of mouse peritoneal phagocytes. Indian J Exp Biol 41:290–295
Zurück zum Zitat Ballabh P, Simm M, Kumari J et al (2003) Respiratory burst activity in bronchopulmonary dysplasia and changes with dexamethasone. Pediatr Pulmonol 35:392–399CrossRefPubMed Ballabh P, Simm M, Kumari J et al (2003) Respiratory burst activity in bronchopulmonary dysplasia and changes with dexamethasone. Pediatr Pulmonol 35:392–399CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Bani S, Kaul A, Khan B et al (2005) Immunosuppressive properties of an ethyl acetate fraction from Euphorbia royleana. J Ethnopharmacol 99:185–192CrossRefPubMed Bani S, Kaul A, Khan B et al (2005) Immunosuppressive properties of an ethyl acetate fraction from Euphorbia royleana. J Ethnopharmacol 99:185–192CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Barracco MA, Medeiros ID, Moreira FM (1999) Some haemato-immunological parameters in the mussel Perna perna. Fish Shellfish Immunol 9:387–404CrossRef Barracco MA, Medeiros ID, Moreira FM (1999) Some haemato-immunological parameters in the mussel Perna perna. Fish Shellfish Immunol 9:387–404CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Baruah AN, Subhan C, Hazarika AK (2004) Fruit essential oil of a variant of Cinnamomum tamala Nees. Indian Perfum 48:437–438 Baruah AN, Subhan C, Hazarika AK (2004) Fruit essential oil of a variant of Cinnamomum tamala Nees. Indian Perfum 48:437–438
Zurück zum Zitat Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein–dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254CrossRefPubMed Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein–dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Buttery LDK, Springall DR, Andrade SP et al (1993) Induction of nitric oxide synthase in the neo-vasculature of experimental tumours in mice. J Pathol 171:311–319CrossRefPubMed Buttery LDK, Springall DR, Andrade SP et al (1993) Induction of nitric oxide synthase in the neo-vasculature of experimental tumours in mice. J Pathol 171:311–319CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Chaddha AN, Tripathi SN (1973) Clinical and experimental studies on Prameha (Diabetes mellitus) with special references to oral hypoglycemic action of C. tamala, MD. Ay. M. Thesis, IMS, BHU, Varanasi Chaddha AN, Tripathi SN (1973) Clinical and experimental studies on Prameha (Diabetes mellitus) with special references to oral hypoglycemic action of C. tamala, MD. Ay. M. Thesis, IMS, BHU, Varanasi
Zurück zum Zitat Chanock J, Beena EI, Smith RM et al (1994) The respiratory burst oxidase. J Biol Chem 269:24519–24522PubMed Chanock J, Beena EI, Smith RM et al (1994) The respiratory burst oxidase. J Biol Chem 269:24519–24522PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Devi SL, Kannappam S, Anuradha CV (2007) Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activity of Indian bay leaf, Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham.) T. Nees & Eberm using rat brain synaptomomes as model system. Indian J Exp Biol 45:778–784PubMed Devi SL, Kannappam S, Anuradha CV (2007) Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activity of Indian bay leaf, Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham.) T. Nees & Eberm using rat brain synaptomomes as model system. Indian J Exp Biol 45:778–784PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Dubey NK, Yadav P, Joshi VK (1998) Screening of some essential oils against dermatophytes. Philipp J Sci 127:139–147 Dubey NK, Yadav P, Joshi VK (1998) Screening of some essential oils against dermatophytes. Philipp J Sci 127:139–147
Zurück zum Zitat Finney DJ (1971) Probit analysis. Cambridge University Press, London Finney DJ (1971) Probit analysis. Cambridge University Press, London
Zurück zum Zitat Garcia N, Katherine F, Alexis M et al (2000) Changes in infectivity, pyruvate kinase activity, acid phosphatase activity and P-glycoprotein expression in glebenclamide resistant Leishmania maxicana. Parasitol Res 86:899–904PubMed Garcia N, Katherine F, Alexis M et al (2000) Changes in infectivity, pyruvate kinase activity, acid phosphatase activity and P-glycoprotein expression in glebenclamide resistant Leishmania maxicana. Parasitol Res 86:899–904PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J et al (1982) Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [15 N] nitrate in biological fluids. Anal Biochem 126:131–138CrossRefPubMed Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J et al (1982) Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [15 N] nitrate in biological fluids. Anal Biochem 126:131–138CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Griess JP (1879) Bemerkungen zu der abhandlung der H.H. Weselsky und Benedikt, “Ueber einige azoverbindungen”. Chem Ber 12:426–428CrossRef Griess JP (1879) Bemerkungen zu der abhandlung der H.H. Weselsky und Benedikt, “Ueber einige azoverbindungen”. Chem Ber 12:426–428CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Guzik TJ, Korbut R, Adamek-Guzik T (2003) Nitric oxide and superoxide in inflammation and immune regulation. J Physiol Pharmacol 54:469–487PubMed Guzik TJ, Korbut R, Adamek-Guzik T (2003) Nitric oxide and superoxide in inflammation and immune regulation. J Physiol Pharmacol 54:469–487PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Hidiroglou M, Batra TR, Ivan M et al (1995) Effect of supplemental vitamins E and C on the immune responses of claves. J Dairy Sci 78:1578–1583CrossRefPubMed Hidiroglou M, Batra TR, Ivan M et al (1995) Effect of supplemental vitamins E and C on the immune responses of claves. J Dairy Sci 78:1578–1583CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Hou FJ, Yang H, Fang Y et al (2007). The immunosuppressive effect of 10 mg/kg Cyclophosphamide in Wistar rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 24:30–36 Hou FJ, Yang H, Fang Y et al (2007). The immunosuppressive effect of 10 mg/kg Cyclophosphamide in Wistar rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 24:30–36
Zurück zum Zitat Johnson VJ, He Q, Osuchowski MF et al (2003) Physiological responses of a natural antioxidant flavonoid mixture, silymarin, in BALB/c mice: III Silymarin inhibits T-lymphocyte function at low doses but stimulates inflammatory processes at high doses. Planta Med 69:44–49CrossRefPubMed Johnson VJ, He Q, Osuchowski MF et al (2003) Physiological responses of a natural antioxidant flavonoid mixture, silymarin, in BALB/c mice: III Silymarin inhibits T-lymphocyte function at low doses but stimulates inflammatory processes at high doses. Planta Med 69:44–49CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Josko J, Mazurek M (2004) Transcription factors having impact on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression in angiogenesis. Med Sci Monit 10:89–98 Josko J, Mazurek M (2004) Transcription factors having impact on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression in angiogenesis. Med Sci Monit 10:89–98
Zurück zum Zitat Kaplan M, Mutlu EA, Benson M et al (2007) Use of herbal preparations in the treatment of oxidant-mediated inflammatory disorders. Complement Ther Med 15:207–216CrossRefPubMed Kaplan M, Mutlu EA, Benson M et al (2007) Use of herbal preparations in the treatment of oxidant-mediated inflammatory disorders. Complement Ther Med 15:207–216CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Iles KE, Forman HJ (2002) Macrophage signaling and respiratory burst. Immunol Res 26:95–105CrossRefPubMed Iles KE, Forman HJ (2002) Macrophage signaling and respiratory burst. Immunol Res 26:95–105CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kohno K, Masaki M, Osamu S et al (2008) Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Properties of 2-Amino-3Hphenoxazin-3-one. Biol Pharm Bull 31:1938–1945CrossRefPubMed Kohno K, Masaki M, Osamu S et al (2008) Anti-inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Properties of 2-Amino-3Hphenoxazin-3-one. Biol Pharm Bull 31:1938–1945CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kroncke K, Fehsel K, Kolb-Bachofen V (1998) Inducible nitric oxide synthase in human diseases. Clin Exp Immunol 113:147–156CrossRefPubMed Kroncke K, Fehsel K, Kolb-Bachofen V (1998) Inducible nitric oxide synthase in human diseases. Clin Exp Immunol 113:147–156CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Laemmli UK (1970) Cleavage of structural protein during the assembly of head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227:680–685CrossRefPubMed Laemmli UK (1970) Cleavage of structural protein during the assembly of head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227:680–685CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Li SY, Teh BS, Seow WK et al (1991) In vitro immunopharmacological profile of the plant flavonoid baohuoside-1. Int J Immunopharmacol 13:129–134CrossRefPubMed Li SY, Teh BS, Seow WK et al (1991) In vitro immunopharmacological profile of the plant flavonoid baohuoside-1. Int J Immunopharmacol 13:129–134CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Liu H, Hongqiao Z, Karen E et al (2006) The ADP-stimulated NADPH oxidase activates the ASK-1/MKK4/JNK pathway in alveolar macrophages. Free Radic Res 40:865–874CrossRefPubMed Liu H, Hongqiao Z, Karen E et al (2006) The ADP-stimulated NADPH oxidase activates the ASK-1/MKK4/JNK pathway in alveolar macrophages. Free Radic Res 40:865–874CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL et al (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin–Phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193:265–275PubMed Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL et al (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin–Phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193:265–275PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat MacMicking JD, Nathan C, Hom G et al (1995) Altered response to bacterial infection and endotoxin shock in mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase. Cell 81:641–650CrossRefPubMed MacMicking JD, Nathan C, Hom G et al (1995) Altered response to bacterial infection and endotoxin shock in mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase. Cell 81:641–650CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Manosroi A, Saraphanchotiwitthaya A, Manosroi J (2006) Effect of Pouteria cambodiana extracts on in vitro immunomodulatory activity of mouse immune system. Fitoterapia 77:189–193CrossRefPubMed Manosroi A, Saraphanchotiwitthaya A, Manosroi J (2006) Effect of Pouteria cambodiana extracts on in vitro immunomodulatory activity of mouse immune system. Fitoterapia 77:189–193CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Mir SR, Ali M, Kapoor R (2004) Chemical composition of essential oil of Cinnamomum tamala Nees et Eberm leaves. Flav Fragr J 19:112–114CrossRef Mir SR, Ali M, Kapoor R (2004) Chemical composition of essential oil of Cinnamomum tamala Nees et Eberm leaves. Flav Fragr J 19:112–114CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Mishra N, Batra S (1987) Efficacy of essential oil of Cinnamomum tamala, ederm against Aspergillus fulvous NRRL 3251, A. parasiticus NRRL 2999 producing mycotoxins in stored seed of ground nuts. Indian Perfum 31:332–334 Mishra N, Batra S (1987) Efficacy of essential oil of Cinnamomum tamala, ederm against Aspergillus fulvous NRRL 3251, A. parasiticus NRRL 2999 producing mycotoxins in stored seed of ground nuts. Indian Perfum 31:332–334
Zurück zum Zitat Mochizuki M, Nussenblatt RB, Kuwabara T et al (1985) Effect of cyclosporine and other immunosuppressive drugs on experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis in rats. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci 26:226–232 Mochizuki M, Nussenblatt RB, Kuwabara T et al (1985) Effect of cyclosporine and other immunosuppressive drugs on experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis in rats. Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci 26:226–232
Zurück zum Zitat Moon EY, Rhee DK, Pyo S (1999) Inhibition of various functions in murine peritoneal macrophages by aflatoxin B1 exposure in vivo. Int J Immunopharmacol 21:47–58CrossRefPubMed Moon EY, Rhee DK, Pyo S (1999) Inhibition of various functions in murine peritoneal macrophages by aflatoxin B1 exposure in vivo. Int J Immunopharmacol 21:47–58CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Nurun Nabi AHM, Islam LN, Rahma MM et al (2005) Polymorphonuclear neutrophil dysfunctions in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats. J Biochem Mol Biol 38:661–667 Nurun Nabi AHM, Islam LN, Rahma MM et al (2005) Polymorphonuclear neutrophil dysfunctions in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats. J Biochem Mol Biol 38:661–667
Zurück zum Zitat Nagy MV, Chan EK, Charles MA (1992) Glipizide induced immunomodulation : inhibition of mononuclear cell stimulation and macrophage-mediated islet cell killing in the BB rat. Metabolism 41:420–425CrossRefPubMed Nagy MV, Chan EK, Charles MA (1992) Glipizide induced immunomodulation : inhibition of mononuclear cell stimulation and macrophage-mediated islet cell killing in the BB rat. Metabolism 41:420–425CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Namgoong SY, Son KH, Chang HW et al (1994) Effects of naturally occurring flavonoids on mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and mixed lymphocyte culture. Life Sci 54:313–320CrossRefPubMed Namgoong SY, Son KH, Chang HW et al (1994) Effects of naturally occurring flavonoids on mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and mixed lymphocyte culture. Life Sci 54:313–320CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Pahan K, Faruk GS, Liu X et al (2001) Induction of nitric-oxide synthase and activation of NF-kB by interleukin-12 p40 in microglial cells. J Biol Chem 276:7899–7905CrossRefPubMed Pahan K, Faruk GS, Liu X et al (2001) Induction of nitric-oxide synthase and activation of NF-kB by interleukin-12 p40 in microglial cells. J Biol Chem 276:7899–7905CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Pandey RS, Singh BK, Tripathi YB (2005) Extract of gum resin of Boswellia serrata L inhibits LPS induced NO production in rat macrophages along with hypolipidimic property. Indian J Exp Biol 43:509–516PubMed Pandey RS, Singh BK, Tripathi YB (2005) Extract of gum resin of Boswellia serrata L inhibits LPS induced NO production in rat macrophages along with hypolipidimic property. Indian J Exp Biol 43:509–516PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Pramod K, Pai K, Pandey HP et al (2002) NADH-oxidase, NADPH oxidase and myeloperoxidase activity of visceral leishmaniasis patients. J Med Microbiol 51:832–836 Pramod K, Pai K, Pandey HP et al (2002) NADH-oxidase, NADPH oxidase and myeloperoxidase activity of visceral leishmaniasis patients. J Med Microbiol 51:832–836
Zurück zum Zitat Rainard P (1986) A colorimetric microassay for opsonins by reduction of NBT in phagocytosing bovine polymorphs. J Immunol Methods 90:197–201CrossRefPubMed Rainard P (1986) A colorimetric microassay for opsonins by reduction of NBT in phagocytosing bovine polymorphs. J Immunol Methods 90:197–201CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Rao CV, Vijayakumar M, Sairak K et al (2008) Antidiarrhoeal activity of the standardized extract of Cinnamomum tamala in experimental rats. Nat Med 62:396–402CrossRef Rao CV, Vijayakumar M, Sairak K et al (2008) Antidiarrhoeal activity of the standardized extract of Cinnamomum tamala in experimental rats. Nat Med 62:396–402CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Salman H, Bergman M, Bessler H et al (1999) Decreased phagocytic capacity of rat peritoneal macrophages following photon abdominal irradiation. Cancer Lett 147:1759CrossRef Salman H, Bergman M, Bessler H et al (1999) Decreased phagocytic capacity of rat peritoneal macrophages following photon abdominal irradiation. Cancer Lett 147:1759CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Schepetkin IA, Quinn MT (2006) Botanical polysaccharides: macrophage immunomodulation and therapeutic potential. Int Immunopharmacol 6:317–333CrossRefPubMed Schepetkin IA, Quinn MT (2006) Botanical polysaccharides: macrophage immunomodulation and therapeutic potential. Int Immunopharmacol 6:317–333CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Scuro LS, Simioni PU, Grabriel DL et al (2004) Suppression of nitric oxide production in mouse macrophages by soybean flavonoids accumulated in response to nitroprusside and fungal elicitation. BMC Biochem 5:5CrossRefPubMed Scuro LS, Simioni PU, Grabriel DL et al (2004) Suppression of nitric oxide production in mouse macrophages by soybean flavonoids accumulated in response to nitroprusside and fungal elicitation. BMC Biochem 5:5CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Sharma SR, Dwivedi SK, Swarup RD (1996) Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Cinnamomum tamala Nees leaves. Indian J Exp Biol 34:372–374 Sharma SR, Dwivedi SK, Swarup RD (1996) Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Cinnamomum tamala Nees leaves. Indian J Exp Biol 34:372–374
Zurück zum Zitat Stout RD, Suttles J (1997) T cell signaling of macrophage function in inflammatory disease. Front Biosci 2:d197–d206PubMed Stout RD, Suttles J (1997) T cell signaling of macrophage function in inflammatory disease. Front Biosci 2:d197–d206PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Tewary A, Patra BC (2008) Use of vitamin C as an immunostimulant. Effect on growth, nutritional quality, and immune response of Labeo rohita (Ham.). Fish Physiol Biochem 34:251–259CrossRefPubMed Tewary A, Patra BC (2008) Use of vitamin C as an immunostimulant. Effect on growth, nutritional quality, and immune response of Labeo rohita (Ham.). Fish Physiol Biochem 34:251–259CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Thiagarajan R, Gopalakrishnan S, Thilagam H (2006) Immunomodulation in the marine green mussel Perna viridis exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Cu and Hg. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 51:392–399CrossRefPubMed Thiagarajan R, Gopalakrishnan S, Thilagam H (2006) Immunomodulation in the marine green mussel Perna viridis exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of Cu and Hg. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 51:392–399CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Towbin H, Stachelin T, Gordon J (1979) Electrophoretic transfer of protein polyacrylamide gel to nitrocellulose sheet: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci 76:4350–4354CrossRefPubMed Towbin H, Stachelin T, Gordon J (1979) Electrophoretic transfer of protein polyacrylamide gel to nitrocellulose sheet: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci 76:4350–4354CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Tripathi YB, Pandey RS (2004) Semicarpus anacardium L, nuts inhibit lipopolysaccharide induced NO production in rat macrophages along with its hypolipidemic property. Indian J Exp Biol 42:432–436PubMed Tripathi YB, Pandey RS (2004) Semicarpus anacardium L, nuts inhibit lipopolysaccharide induced NO production in rat macrophages along with its hypolipidemic property. Indian J Exp Biol 42:432–436PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Tripathi YB, Singh AV (2007) Role of Rubia cordifolia Linn. in radiation protection. Indian J Exp Biol 45:620–625PubMed Tripathi YB, Singh AV (2007) Role of Rubia cordifolia Linn. in radiation protection. Indian J Exp Biol 45:620–625PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Tripathi YB, Reddy MM, Pandey RS et al (2004) Anti-inflammatory properties of BHUx, a polyherbal formulation to prevent atherosclerosis. Inflammopharmacol 12:131–152CrossRef Tripathi YB, Reddy MM, Pandey RS et al (2004) Anti-inflammatory properties of BHUx, a polyherbal formulation to prevent atherosclerosis. Inflammopharmacol 12:131–152CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Tripathi YB, Singh BK, Pandey RS et al (2005) BHUx: a patent polyherbal formulation to prevent atherosclerosis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2:217–221CrossRefPubMed Tripathi YB, Singh BK, Pandey RS et al (2005) BHUx: a patent polyherbal formulation to prevent atherosclerosis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2:217–221CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Tripathi YB, Pandey N, Tripathi P (2008) Purification of nuts of Semecarpus anacardium Linn., a herbal drug for arthritis. Curr Sci 94:1062–1065 Tripathi YB, Pandey N, Tripathi P (2008) Purification of nuts of Semecarpus anacardium Linn., a herbal drug for arthritis. Curr Sci 94:1062–1065
Zurück zum Zitat Tripathi YB, Tiwari OP, Nagwani S et al (2009) Pharmacokinetic-interaction of Vitex negundo Linn. & paracetamol. Indian J Med Res 130:479–483PubMed Tripathi YB, Tiwari OP, Nagwani S et al (2009) Pharmacokinetic-interaction of Vitex negundo Linn. & paracetamol. Indian J Med Res 130:479–483PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Upadhaya SP, Kirihata M, Ichimoto I (1994) Cinnamom leaf oil from Cinnamomum tamala grown in Nepal. Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi 41:512–514 Upadhaya SP, Kirihata M, Ichimoto I (1994) Cinnamom leaf oil from Cinnamomum tamala grown in Nepal. Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi 41:512–514
Zurück zum Zitat Varela P, Tapia G, Fernandez V et al (2006) The role of thyroid hormone calorigenesis in the redox regulation of gene expression. Boil Res 39:611–617 Varela P, Tapia G, Fernandez V et al (2006) The role of thyroid hormone calorigenesis in the redox regulation of gene expression. Boil Res 39:611–617
Zurück zum Zitat Varin A, Gordon S (2009) Alternative activation of macrophages: Immune function and cellular biology. Immunobiology 214:630–641CrossRefPubMed Varin A, Gordon S (2009) Alternative activation of macrophages: Immune function and cellular biology. Immunobiology 214:630–641CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Wu CC, Thiemermann C, Vane JR (1995) Glibenclamide-induced inhibition of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in cultured macrophages and in the anaesthetized rat. Br J Pharmacol 114:1273–1281PubMed Wu CC, Thiemermann C, Vane JR (1995) Glibenclamide-induced inhibition of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in cultured macrophages and in the anaesthetized rat. Br J Pharmacol 114:1273–1281PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Wu QL, Fu YF, Zhou WL et al (2005) Inhibition of S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine hydrolase induces immunosuppression. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 313:705–711CrossRefPubMed Wu QL, Fu YF, Zhou WL et al (2005) Inhibition of S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine hydrolase induces immunosuppression. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 313:705–711CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Effect of hexane fraction of leaves of Cinnamomum tamala Linn on macrophage functions
verfasst von
J. K. Chaurasia
Nidhi Pandey
Yamini Bhushan Tripathi
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2010
Verlag
SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
Erschienen in
Inflammopharmacology / Ausgabe 3/2010
Print ISSN: 0925-4692
Elektronische ISSN: 1568-5608
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-009-0029-5

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2010

Inflammopharmacology 3/2010 Zur Ausgabe