Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia 1/2006

01.01.2006

Inhibitors of Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling: A Therapeutic Approach for Breast Cancer

verfasst von: Deepali Sachdev, Douglas Yee

Erschienen in: Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia | Ausgabe 1/2006

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

The peptide growth factors IGF-I and IGF-II not only play a role in the development of the mammary gland but are also implicated in breast cancer. Several reagents disrupting IGF signaling have been developed and clinical trials validating IGF signaling as a target in cancer therapy are underway. This review highlights the approaches to inhibiting IGF signaling in breast cancer.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat LeRoith D, Helman L. The new kid on the block(ade) of the IGF-1 receptor. Cancer Cell 2004;5:201–2.PubMedCrossRef LeRoith D, Helman L. The new kid on the block(ade) of the IGF-1 receptor. Cancer Cell 2004;5:201–2.PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Baserga R. The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor as a target for cancer therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2005;9:753–68.PubMedCrossRef Baserga R. The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor as a target for cancer therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2005;9:753–68.PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat LeRoith D, Roberts CT, Jr. The insulin-like growth factor system and cancer. Cancer Lett 2003;195:127–37.PubMed LeRoith D, Roberts CT, Jr. The insulin-like growth factor system and cancer. Cancer Lett 2003;195:127–37.PubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Firth SM, Baxter RC. Cellular actions of the insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Endocr Rev 2002;23:824–54.PubMedCrossRef Firth SM, Baxter RC. Cellular actions of the insulin-like growth factor binding proteins. Endocr Rev 2002;23:824–54.PubMedCrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Ullrich A, Berman CH, Dull TJ, Gray A, Lee JM. Isolation of the human insulin-like growth factor I gene using a single synthetic DNA probe. EMBO J 1984;3:361–4.PubMed Ullrich A, Berman CH, Dull TJ, Gray A, Lee JM. Isolation of the human insulin-like growth factor I gene using a single synthetic DNA probe. EMBO J 1984;3:361–4.PubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Ullrich A, Bell JR, Chen EY, Herrera R, Petruzzelli LM, Dull TJ, Gray A, Coussens L, Liao Y-C, Tsubokawa M, Mason A, Seeburg PH, Grunfeld C, Rosen OM, Ramachandran J. Human insulin receptor and its relationship to the tyrosine kinase family of oncogenes. Nature 1985;313:756–61.PubMedCrossRef Ullrich A, Bell JR, Chen EY, Herrera R, Petruzzelli LM, Dull TJ, Gray A, Coussens L, Liao Y-C, Tsubokawa M, Mason A, Seeburg PH, Grunfeld C, Rosen OM, Ramachandran J. Human insulin receptor and its relationship to the tyrosine kinase family of oncogenes. Nature 1985;313:756–61.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Ullrich A, Gray A, Tam AW, Yang Feng T, Tsubokawa M, Collins C, Henzel W, Le Bon T, Kathuria S, Chen E, Jacobs S, Francke U, Ramachandran J, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y. Insulin-like growth factor I receptor primary structure: Comparison with insulin receptor suggests structural determinants that define hormonal specificity. EMBO J 1986;5:2503–12. Ullrich A, Gray A, Tam AW, Yang Feng T, Tsubokawa M, Collins C, Henzel W, Le Bon T, Kathuria S, Chen E, Jacobs S, Francke U, Ramachandran J, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y. Insulin-like growth factor I receptor primary structure: Comparison with insulin receptor suggests structural determinants that define hormonal specificity. EMBO J 1986;5:2503–12.
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Scott J, Cowell J, Robertson ME, Priestley LM, Wadey R, Hopkins B, Pritchard J, Bell GI, Rall LB, Graham CF, Knott TJ. Insulin-like growth factor-II gene expression in Wilms' tumour and embryonic tissues. Nature 1985;317:260–2.PubMedCrossRef Scott J, Cowell J, Robertson ME, Priestley LM, Wadey R, Hopkins B, Pritchard J, Bell GI, Rall LB, Graham CF, Knott TJ. Insulin-like growth factor-II gene expression in Wilms' tumour and embryonic tissues. Nature 1985;317:260–2.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Pandini G, Frasca F, Mineo R, Sciacca L, Vigneri R, Belfiore A. Insulin/insulin-like growth factor I hybrid receptors have different biological characteristics depending on the insulin receptor isoform involved. J Biol Chem 2002;277:39684–95.PubMedCrossRef Pandini G, Frasca F, Mineo R, Sciacca L, Vigneri R, Belfiore A. Insulin/insulin-like growth factor I hybrid receptors have different biological characteristics depending on the insulin receptor isoform involved. J Biol Chem 2002;277:39684–95.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Pandini G, Vigneri R, Costantino A, Frasca F, Ippolito A, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y, Siddle K, Goldfine ID, Belfiore A. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptor overexpression in breast cancers leads to insulin/IGF-I hybrid receptor overexpression: Evidence for a second mechanism of IGF-I signaling. Clin Cancer Res 1999;5:1935–44.PubMed Pandini G, Vigneri R, Costantino A, Frasca F, Ippolito A, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y, Siddle K, Goldfine ID, Belfiore A. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptor overexpression in breast cancers leads to insulin/IGF-I hybrid receptor overexpression: Evidence for a second mechanism of IGF-I signaling. Clin Cancer Res 1999;5:1935–44.PubMed
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Frasca F, Pandini G, Vigneri R, Goldfine ID. Insulin and hybrid insulin/IGF receptors are major regulators of breast cancer cells. Breast Dis 2003;17:73–89.PubMed Frasca F, Pandini G, Vigneri R, Goldfine ID. Insulin and hybrid insulin/IGF receptors are major regulators of breast cancer cells. Breast Dis 2003;17:73–89.PubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Morrione A, Valentinis B, Xu SQ, Yumet G, Louvi A, Efstratiadis A, Baserga R. Insulin-like growth factor II stimulates cell proliferation through the insulin receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:3777–82.PubMedCrossRef Morrione A, Valentinis B, Xu SQ, Yumet G, Louvi A, Efstratiadis A, Baserga R. Insulin-like growth factor II stimulates cell proliferation through the insulin receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997;94:3777–82.PubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Kalli KR, Falowo OI, Bale LK, Zschunke MA, Roche PC, Conover CA. Functional insulin receptors on human epithelial ovarian carcinoma cells: Implications for IGF-II mitogenic signaling. Endocrinology 2002;143:3259–67.PubMedCrossRef Kalli KR, Falowo OI, Bale LK, Zschunke MA, Roche PC, Conover CA. Functional insulin receptors on human epithelial ovarian carcinoma cells: Implications for IGF-II mitogenic signaling. Endocrinology 2002;143:3259–67.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Sciacca L, Mineo R, Pandini G, Murabito A, Vigneri R, Belfiore A. In IGF-I receptor-deficient leiomyosarcoma cells autocrine IGF-II induces cell invasion and protection from apoptosis via the insulin receptor isoform A. Oncogene 2002;21:8240–50.PubMedCrossRef Sciacca L, Mineo R, Pandini G, Murabito A, Vigneri R, Belfiore A. In IGF-I receptor-deficient leiomyosarcoma cells autocrine IGF-II induces cell invasion and protection from apoptosis via the insulin receptor isoform A. Oncogene 2002;21:8240–50.PubMedCrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Haruta T, Uno T, Kawahara J, Takano A, Egawa K, Sharma PM, Olefsky JM, Kobayashi M. A rapamycin-sensitive pathway down-regulates insulin signaling via phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation of insulin receptor substrate-1. Mol Endocrinol 2000;14:783–94.PubMedCrossRef Haruta T, Uno T, Kawahara J, Takano A, Egawa K, Sharma PM, Olefsky JM, Kobayashi M. A rapamycin-sensitive pathway down-regulates insulin signaling via phosphorylation and proteasomal degradation of insulin receptor substrate-1. Mol Endocrinol 2000;14:783–94.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Baker J, Liu JP, Robertson EJ, Efstratiadis A. Role of insulin-like growth factors in embryonic and postnatal growth. Cell 1993;75: 73–82.PubMed Baker J, Liu JP, Robertson EJ, Efstratiadis A. Role of insulin-like growth factors in embryonic and postnatal growth. Cell 1993;75: 73–82.PubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat DeChiara TM, Efstratiadis A, Robertson EJ. A growth deficiency phenotype in heterozygous mice carrying an insulin-like growth factor II gene disrubetd by targeting. Nature 1990;345:78–80.PubMedCrossRef DeChiara TM, Efstratiadis A, Robertson EJ. A growth deficiency phenotype in heterozygous mice carrying an insulin-like growth factor II gene disrubetd by targeting. Nature 1990;345:78–80.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu JP, Baker J, Perkins AS, Robertson EJ, Efstratiadis A. Mice carrying null mutations of the genes encoding insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) and type-1 IGF receptor (IGF1r). Cell 1993;75: 59–72.PubMed Liu JP, Baker J, Perkins AS, Robertson EJ, Efstratiadis A. Mice carrying null mutations of the genes encoding insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1) and type-1 IGF receptor (IGF1r). Cell 1993;75: 59–72.PubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Hadsell DL. The insulin-like growth factor system in normal mammary gland function. Breast Dis 2003;17:3–14.PubMed Hadsell DL. The insulin-like growth factor system in normal mammary gland function. Breast Dis 2003;17:3–14.PubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Bonnette SG, Hadsell DL. Targeted disruption of the IGF-I receptor gene decreases cellular proliferation in mammary terminal end buds. Endocrinology 2001;142:4937–45.PubMedCrossRef Bonnette SG, Hadsell DL. Targeted disruption of the IGF-I receptor gene decreases cellular proliferation in mammary terminal end buds. Endocrinology 2001;142:4937–45.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Hadsell DL, Bonnette SG. IGF and insulin action in the mammary gland: Lessons from transgenic and knockout models. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2000;5:19–30.PubMedCrossRef Hadsell DL, Bonnette SG. IGF and insulin action in the mammary gland: Lessons from transgenic and knockout models. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2000;5:19–30.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Hovey RC, Harris J, Hadsell DL, Lee AV, Ormandy CJ, Vonderhaar BK. Local insulin-like growth factor-II mediates prolactin-induced mammary gland development. Mol Endocrinol 2003;17:460–71.PubMedCrossRef Hovey RC, Harris J, Hadsell DL, Lee AV, Ormandy CJ, Vonderhaar BK. Local insulin-like growth factor-II mediates prolactin-induced mammary gland development. Mol Endocrinol 2003;17:460–71.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Sell C, Rubini M, Rubin R, Liu JP, Efstratiadis A, Baserga R. Simian virus 40 large tumor antigen is unable to transform mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993;90:11217–21.PubMedCrossRef Sell C, Rubini M, Rubin R, Liu JP, Efstratiadis A, Baserga R. Simian virus 40 large tumor antigen is unable to transform mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993;90:11217–21.PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu JL, Blakesley VA, Gutkind JS, LeRoith D. The constitutively active mutant Galpha13 transforms mouse fibroblast cells deficient in insulin-like growth factor-I receptor. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:29438–41.PubMedCrossRef Liu JL, Blakesley VA, Gutkind JS, LeRoith D. The constitutively active mutant Galpha13 transforms mouse fibroblast cells deficient in insulin-like growth factor-I receptor. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:29438–41.PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Deangelis T, Chen J, Wu A, Prisco M, Baserga R. Transformation by the simian virus 40 T antigen is regulated by IGF-I receptor and IRS-1 signaling. Oncogene 2006;25:32–42.PubMed Deangelis T, Chen J, Wu A, Prisco M, Baserga R. Transformation by the simian virus 40 T antigen is regulated by IGF-I receptor and IRS-1 signaling. Oncogene 2006;25:32–42.PubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Pollak MN, Schernhammer ES, Hankinson SE. Insulin-like growth factors and neoplasia. Nat Rev Cancer 2004;4:505–18.PubMedCrossRef Pollak MN, Schernhammer ES, Hankinson SE. Insulin-like growth factors and neoplasia. Nat Rev Cancer 2004;4:505–18.PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Arteaga CL, Kitten LJ, Coronado EB, Jacobs S, Kull FC, Jr., Allred DC, Osborne CK. Blockade of the type I somatomedin receptor inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells in athymic mice. J Clin Invest 1989;84:1418–23.PubMedCrossRef Arteaga CL, Kitten LJ, Coronado EB, Jacobs S, Kull FC, Jr., Allred DC, Osborne CK. Blockade of the type I somatomedin receptor inhibits growth of human breast cancer cells in athymic mice. J Clin Invest 1989;84:1418–23.PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Salatino M, Schillaci R, Proietti CJ, Carnevale R, Frahm I, Molinolo AA, Iribarren A, Charreau EH, Elizalde PV. Inhibition of in vivo breast cancer growth by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to type I insulin-like growth factor receptor mRNA involves inactivation of ErbBs, PI-3K/Akt and p42/p44 MAPK signaling pathways but not modulation of progesterone receptor activity. Oncogene 2004;23:5161–74.PubMedCrossRef Salatino M, Schillaci R, Proietti CJ, Carnevale R, Frahm I, Molinolo AA, Iribarren A, Charreau EH, Elizalde PV. Inhibition of in vivo breast cancer growth by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to type I insulin-like growth factor receptor mRNA involves inactivation of ErbBs, PI-3K/Akt and p42/p44 MAPK signaling pathways but not modulation of progesterone receptor activity. Oncogene 2004;23:5161–74.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Dunn SE, Ehrlich M, Sharp NJ, Reiss K, Solomon G, Hawkins R, Baserga R, Barrett JC. A dominant negative mutant of the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor inhibits the adhesion, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer. Cancer Res 1998;58:3353–61.PubMed Dunn SE, Ehrlich M, Sharp NJ, Reiss K, Solomon G, Hawkins R, Baserga R, Barrett JC. A dominant negative mutant of the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor inhibits the adhesion, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer. Cancer Res 1998;58:3353–61.PubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Sachdev D, Hartell JS, Lee AV, Zhang X, Yee D. A dominant negative type I insulin-like growth factor receptor inhibits metastasis of human cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2004;279:5017–24.PubMedCrossRef Sachdev D, Hartell JS, Lee AV, Zhang X, Yee D. A dominant negative type I insulin-like growth factor receptor inhibits metastasis of human cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2004;279:5017–24.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Yakar S, Leroith D, Brodt P. The role of the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor axis in tumor growth and progression: Lessons from animal models. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2005;16:407–20.PubMedCrossRef Yakar S, Leroith D, Brodt P. The role of the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor axis in tumor growth and progression: Lessons from animal models. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2005;16:407–20.PubMedCrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Wu Y, Cui K, Miyoshi K, Hennighausen L, Green JE, Setser J, LeRoith D, Yakar S. Reduced circulating insulin-like growth factor I levels delay the onset of chemically and genetically induced mammary tumors. Cancer Res 2003;63:4384–8.PubMed Wu Y, Cui K, Miyoshi K, Hennighausen L, Green JE, Setser J, LeRoith D, Yakar S. Reduced circulating insulin-like growth factor I levels delay the onset of chemically and genetically induced mammary tumors. Cancer Res 2003;63:4384–8.PubMed
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Hadsell DL, Murphy KL, Bonnette SG, Reece N, Laucirica R, Rosen JM. Cooperative interaction between mutant p53 and des(1-3)IGF-I accelerates mammary tumorigenesis. Oncogene 2000;19:889–98.PubMedCrossRef Hadsell DL, Murphy KL, Bonnette SG, Reece N, Laucirica R, Rosen JM. Cooperative interaction between mutant p53 and des(1-3)IGF-I accelerates mammary tumorigenesis. Oncogene 2000;19:889–98.PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Bates P, Fisher R, Ward A, Richardson L, Hill DJ, Graham CF. Mammary cancer in transgenic mice expressing insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II). Br J Cancer 1995;72:1189–93.PubMed Bates P, Fisher R, Ward A, Richardson L, Hill DJ, Graham CF. Mammary cancer in transgenic mice expressing insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II). Br J Cancer 1995;72:1189–93.PubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Carboni JM, Lee AV, Hadsell DL, Rowley BR, Lee FY, Bol DK, Camuso AE, Gottardis M, Greer AF, Ho CP, Hurlburt W, Li A, Saulnier M, Velaparthi U, Wang C, Wen ML, Westhouse RA, Wittman M, Zimmermann K, Rupnow BA, Wong TW. Tumor development by transgenic expression of a constitutively active insulin-like growth factor I receptor. Cancer Res 2005;65:3781–7.PubMedCrossRef Carboni JM, Lee AV, Hadsell DL, Rowley BR, Lee FY, Bol DK, Camuso AE, Gottardis M, Greer AF, Ho CP, Hurlburt W, Li A, Saulnier M, Velaparthi U, Wang C, Wen ML, Westhouse RA, Wittman M, Zimmermann K, Rupnow BA, Wong TW. Tumor development by transgenic expression of a constitutively active insulin-like growth factor I receptor. Cancer Res 2005;65:3781–7.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Peyrat JP, Bonneterre J, Beuscart R, Djiane J, Demaille A. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors in human breast cancer and their relation to estradiol and progesterone receptors. Cancer Res 1988;48:6429–33.PubMed Peyrat JP, Bonneterre J, Beuscart R, Djiane J, Demaille A. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors in human breast cancer and their relation to estradiol and progesterone receptors. Cancer Res 1988;48:6429–33.PubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Papa V, Pezzino V, Costantino A, Belfiore A, Giuffrida D, Frittitta L, Vannelli GB, Brand R, Goldfine ID, Vigneri R. Elevated insulin receptor content in human breast cancer. J Clin Invest 1990;86:1503–10.PubMedCrossRef Papa V, Pezzino V, Costantino A, Belfiore A, Giuffrida D, Frittitta L, Vannelli GB, Brand R, Goldfine ID, Vigneri R. Elevated insulin receptor content in human breast cancer. J Clin Invest 1990;86:1503–10.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Sciacca L, Costantino A, Pandini G, Mineo R, Frasca F, Scalia P, Sbraccia P, Goldfine ID, Vigneri R, Belfiore A. Insulin receptor activation by IGF-II in breast cancers: Evidence for a new autocrine/paracrine mechanism. Oncogene 1999;18:2471–9.PubMedCrossRef Sciacca L, Costantino A, Pandini G, Mineo R, Frasca F, Scalia P, Sbraccia P, Goldfine ID, Vigneri R, Belfiore A. Insulin receptor activation by IGF-II in breast cancers: Evidence for a new autocrine/paracrine mechanism. Oncogene 1999;18:2471–9.PubMedCrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Frasca F, Pandini G, Scalia P, Sciacca L, Mineo R, Costantino A, Goldfine ID, Belfiore A, Vigneri R. Insulin receptor isoform A, a newly recognized, high-affinity insulin-like growth factor II receptor in fetal and cancer cells. Mol Cell Biol 1999;19:3278–88.PubMed Frasca F, Pandini G, Scalia P, Sciacca L, Mineo R, Costantino A, Goldfine ID, Belfiore A, Vigneri R. Insulin receptor isoform A, a newly recognized, high-affinity insulin-like growth factor II receptor in fetal and cancer cells. Mol Cell Biol 1999;19:3278–88.PubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Hankinson SE, Willett WC, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ, Michaud DS, Deroo B, Rosner B, Speizer FE, Pollak M. Circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of breast cancer [see comments]. Lancet 1998;351:1393–6.PubMedCrossRef Hankinson SE, Willett WC, Colditz GA, Hunter DJ, Michaud DS, Deroo B, Rosner B, Speizer FE, Pollak M. Circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of breast cancer [see comments]. Lancet 1998;351:1393–6.PubMedCrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Renehan AG, Zwahlen M, Minder C, O'Dwyer ST, Shalet SM, Egger M. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF binding protein-3, and cancer risk: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Lancet 2004;363:1346–53.PubMedCrossRef Renehan AG, Zwahlen M, Minder C, O'Dwyer ST, Shalet SM, Egger M. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF binding protein-3, and cancer risk: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Lancet 2004;363:1346–53.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Chatzistamou I, Schally AV, Varga JL, Groot K, Busto R, Armatis P, Halmos G. Inhibition of growth and metastases of MDA-MB-435 human estrogen-independent breast cancers by an antagonist of growth hormone-releasing hormone. Anticancer Drugs 2001;12: 761–8.PubMedCrossRef Chatzistamou I, Schally AV, Varga JL, Groot K, Busto R, Armatis P, Halmos G. Inhibition of growth and metastases of MDA-MB-435 human estrogen-independent breast cancers by an antagonist of growth hormone-releasing hormone. Anticancer Drugs 2001;12: 761–8.PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Weckbecker G, Raulf F, Stolz B, Bruns C. Somatostatin analogs for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Pharmacol Ther 1993;60: 245–64.PubMedCrossRef Weckbecker G, Raulf F, Stolz B, Bruns C. Somatostatin analogs for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Pharmacol Ther 1993;60: 245–64.PubMedCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Ingle JN, Suman VJ, Kardinal CG, Krook JE, Mailliard JA, Veeder MH, Loprinzi CL, Dalton RJ, Hartmann LC, Conover CA, Pollak MN. A randomized trial of tamoxifen alone or combined with octreotide in the treatment of women with metastatic breast carcinoma. Cancer 1999;85:1284–92.PubMedCrossRef Ingle JN, Suman VJ, Kardinal CG, Krook JE, Mailliard JA, Veeder MH, Loprinzi CL, Dalton RJ, Hartmann LC, Conover CA, Pollak MN. A randomized trial of tamoxifen alone or combined with octreotide in the treatment of women with metastatic breast carcinoma. Cancer 1999;85:1284–92.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Parkinson C, Trainer PJ. The place of pegvisomant in the management of acromegaly. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2001;10: 1725–35.PubMedCrossRef Parkinson C, Trainer PJ. The place of pegvisomant in the management of acromegaly. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2001;10: 1725–35.PubMedCrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Bayes M, Rabasseda X, Prous JR. Gateways to clinical trials. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2004;26:473–503.PubMed Bayes M, Rabasseda X, Prous JR. Gateways to clinical trials. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2004;26:473–503.PubMed
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Friend KE. Cancer and the potential place for growth hormone receptor antagonist therapy. Growth Horm IGF Res 2001;11 Suppl A:S121–3.PubMedCrossRef Friend KE. Cancer and the potential place for growth hormone receptor antagonist therapy. Growth Horm IGF Res 2001;11 Suppl A:S121–3.PubMedCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Divisova J, Kuiatse I, Lazard J, Weiss H, Vreeland F, Hadsell DL, Schiff R, Osborne CK, Lee AV. The growth hormone receptor antagonist pegvisomant blocks mammary gland development and MCF-7 breast cancer xenograft growth. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2006; in press. DOI: 10.1007/s10549-006-9168-1. Divisova J, Kuiatse I, Lazard J, Weiss H, Vreeland F, Hadsell DL, Schiff R, Osborne CK, Lee AV. The growth hormone receptor antagonist pegvisomant blocks mammary gland development and MCF-7 breast cancer xenograft growth. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2006; in press. DOI: 10.​1007/​s10549-006-9168-1.
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Pollak M, Blouin MJ, Zhang JC, Kopchick JJ. Reduced mammary gland carcinogenesis in transgenic mice expressing a growth hormone antagonist. Br J Cancer 2001;85:428–30.PubMedCrossRef Pollak M, Blouin MJ, Zhang JC, Kopchick JJ. Reduced mammary gland carcinogenesis in transgenic mice expressing a growth hormone antagonist. Br J Cancer 2001;85:428–30.PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Figueroa JA, Jackson JG, McGuire WL, Krywicki RF, Yee D. Expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in human breast cancer correlates with estrogen receptor status. J Cell Biochem 1993;52:196–205.PubMedCrossRef Figueroa JA, Jackson JG, McGuire WL, Krywicki RF, Yee D. Expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in human breast cancer correlates with estrogen receptor status. J Cell Biochem 1993;52:196–205.PubMedCrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang X, Yee D. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) inhibits breast cancer cell motility. Cancer Res 2002;62:4369–75.PubMed Zhang X, Yee D. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) inhibits breast cancer cell motility. Cancer Res 2002;62:4369–75.PubMed
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Osborne CK, Bolan G, Monaco ME, Lippman ME. Hormone responsive human breast cancer in long-term tissue culture: Effect of insulin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1976;73:4536–40.PubMedCrossRef Osborne CK, Bolan G, Monaco ME, Lippman ME. Hormone responsive human breast cancer in long-term tissue culture: Effect of insulin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1976;73:4536–40.PubMedCrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Papa V, Belfiore A. Insulin receptors in breast cancer: Biological and clinical role. J Endocrinol Invest 1996;19:324–33.PubMed Papa V, Belfiore A. Insulin receptors in breast cancer: Biological and clinical role. J Endocrinol Invest 1996;19:324–33.PubMed
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Goya M, Miyamoto S, Nagai K, Ohki Y, Nakamura K, Shitara K, Maeda H, Sangai T, Kodama K, Endoh Y, Ishii G, Hasebe T, Yonou H, Hatano T, Ogawa Y, Ochiai A. Growth inhibition of human prostate cancer cells in human adult bone implanted into nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice by a ligand-specific antibody to human insulin-like growth factors. Cancer Res 2004;64:6252–8.PubMedCrossRef Goya M, Miyamoto S, Nagai K, Ohki Y, Nakamura K, Shitara K, Maeda H, Sangai T, Kodama K, Endoh Y, Ishii G, Hasebe T, Yonou H, Hatano T, Ogawa Y, Ochiai A. Growth inhibition of human prostate cancer cells in human adult bone implanted into nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient mice by a ligand-specific antibody to human insulin-like growth factors. Cancer Res 2004;64:6252–8.PubMedCrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Feng Y, Zhu Z, Xiao X, Choudhry V, Barrett JC, Dimitrov DS. Novel human monoclonal antibodies to insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II that potently inhibit the IGF receptor type I signal transduction function. Mol Cancer Ther 2006;5:114–20.PubMedCrossRef Feng Y, Zhu Z, Xiao X, Choudhry V, Barrett JC, Dimitrov DS. Novel human monoclonal antibodies to insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II that potently inhibit the IGF receptor type I signal transduction function. Mol Cancer Ther 2006;5:114–20.PubMedCrossRef
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Samani AA, Chevet E, Fallavollita L, Galipeau J, Brodt P. Loss of tumorigenicity and metastatic potential in carcinoma cells expressing the extracellular domain of the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor. Cancer Res 2004;64:3380–5.PubMedCrossRef Samani AA, Chevet E, Fallavollita L, Galipeau J, Brodt P. Loss of tumorigenicity and metastatic potential in carcinoma cells expressing the extracellular domain of the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor. Cancer Res 2004;64:3380–5.PubMedCrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Zi X, Zhang J, Agarwal R, Pollak M. Silibinin up-regulates insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 expression and inhibits proliferation of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 2000;60:5617–20.PubMed Zi X, Zhang J, Agarwal R, Pollak M. Silibinin up-regulates insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 expression and inhibits proliferation of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 2000;60:5617–20.PubMed
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Singh RP, Dhanalakshmi S, Tyagi AK, Chan DC, Agarwal C, Agarwal R. Dietary feeding of silibinin inhibits advance human prostate carcinoma growth in athymic nude mice and increases plasma insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 levels. Cancer Res 2002;62:3063–9.PubMed Singh RP, Dhanalakshmi S, Tyagi AK, Chan DC, Agarwal C, Agarwal R. Dietary feeding of silibinin inhibits advance human prostate carcinoma growth in athymic nude mice and increases plasma insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 levels. Cancer Res 2002;62:3063–9.PubMed
59.
Zurück zum Zitat De Meyts P, Whittaker J. Structural biology of insulin and IGF1 receptors: Implications for drug design. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2002;1:769–83.PubMedCrossRef De Meyts P, Whittaker J. Structural biology of insulin and IGF1 receptors: Implications for drug design. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2002;1:769–83.PubMedCrossRef
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Parrizas M, Gazit A, Levitzki A, Wertheimer E, LeRoith D. Specific inhibition of insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity and biological function by tyrphostins. Endocrinology 1997;138:1427–33.PubMedCrossRef Parrizas M, Gazit A, Levitzki A, Wertheimer E, LeRoith D. Specific inhibition of insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity and biological function by tyrphostins. Endocrinology 1997;138:1427–33.PubMedCrossRef
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Wen B, Deutsch E, Marangoni E, Frascona V, Maggiorella L, Abdulkarim B, Chavaudra N, Bourhis J. Tyrphostin AG 1024 modulates radiosensitivity in human breast cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2001;85:2017–21.PubMedCrossRef Wen B, Deutsch E, Marangoni E, Frascona V, Maggiorella L, Abdulkarim B, Chavaudra N, Bourhis J. Tyrphostin AG 1024 modulates radiosensitivity in human breast cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2001;85:2017–21.PubMedCrossRef
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Blum G, Gazit A, Levitzki A. Substrate competitive inhibitors of IGF-1 receptor kinase. Biochemistry 2000;39:15705–12.PubMedCrossRef Blum G, Gazit A, Levitzki A. Substrate competitive inhibitors of IGF-1 receptor kinase. Biochemistry 2000;39:15705–12.PubMedCrossRef
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Blum G, Gazit A, Levitzki A. Development of new insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor kinase inhibitors using catechol mimics. J Biol Chem 2003;278:40442–54.PubMedCrossRef Blum G, Gazit A, Levitzki A. Development of new insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor kinase inhibitors using catechol mimics. J Biol Chem 2003;278:40442–54.PubMedCrossRef
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Garcia-Echeverria C, Pearson MA, Marti A, Meyer T, Mestan J, Zimmermann J, Gao J, Brueggen J, Capraro HG, Cozens R, Evans DB, Fabbro D, Furet P, Porta DG, Liebetanz J, Martiny-Baron G, Ruetz S, Hofmann F. In vivo antitumor activity of NVP-AEW541-A novel, potent, and selective inhibitor of the IGF-IR kinase. Cancer Cell 2004;5:231–9.PubMedCrossRef Garcia-Echeverria C, Pearson MA, Marti A, Meyer T, Mestan J, Zimmermann J, Gao J, Brueggen J, Capraro HG, Cozens R, Evans DB, Fabbro D, Furet P, Porta DG, Liebetanz J, Martiny-Baron G, Ruetz S, Hofmann F. In vivo antitumor activity of NVP-AEW541-A novel, potent, and selective inhibitor of the IGF-IR kinase. Cancer Cell 2004;5:231–9.PubMedCrossRef
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Mitsiades CS, Mitsiades NS, McMullan CJ, Poulaki V, Shringarpure R, Akiyama M, Hideshima T, Chauhan D, Joseph M, Libermann TA, Garcia-Echeverria C, Pearson MA, Hofmann F, Anderson KC, Kung AL. Inhibition of the insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 tyrosine kinase activity as a therapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma, other hematologic malignancies, and solid tumors. Cancer Cell 2004;5:221–30.PubMedCrossRef Mitsiades CS, Mitsiades NS, McMullan CJ, Poulaki V, Shringarpure R, Akiyama M, Hideshima T, Chauhan D, Joseph M, Libermann TA, Garcia-Echeverria C, Pearson MA, Hofmann F, Anderson KC, Kung AL. Inhibition of the insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 tyrosine kinase activity as a therapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma, other hematologic malignancies, and solid tumors. Cancer Cell 2004;5:221–30.PubMedCrossRef
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Vasilcanu D, Girnita A, Girnita L, Vasilcanu R, Axelson M, Larsson O. The cyclolignan PPP induces activation loop-specific inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor. Link to the phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase/Akt apoptotic pathway. Oncogene 2004;23:7854–62.PubMedCrossRef Vasilcanu D, Girnita A, Girnita L, Vasilcanu R, Axelson M, Larsson O. The cyclolignan PPP induces activation loop-specific inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor. Link to the phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase/Akt apoptotic pathway. Oncogene 2004;23:7854–62.PubMedCrossRef
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Girnita A, Girnita L, del Prete F, Bartolazzi A, Larsson O, Axelson M. Cyclolignans as inhibitors of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and malignant cell growth. Cancer Res 2004;64:236–42.PubMedCrossRef Girnita A, Girnita L, del Prete F, Bartolazzi A, Larsson O, Axelson M. Cyclolignans as inhibitors of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and malignant cell growth. Cancer Res 2004;64:236–42.PubMedCrossRef
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Youngren JF, Gable K, Penaranda C, Maddux BA, Zavodovskaya M, Lobo M, Campbell M, Kerner J, Goldfine ID. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) inhibits the IGF-1 and c-erbB2/HER2/neu receptors and suppresses growth in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2005;94:37–46.PubMedCrossRef Youngren JF, Gable K, Penaranda C, Maddux BA, Zavodovskaya M, Lobo M, Campbell M, Kerner J, Goldfine ID. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) inhibits the IGF-1 and c-erbB2/HER2/neu receptors and suppresses growth in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2005;94:37–46.PubMedCrossRef
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Haluska P, Carboni JM, Loegering DA, Lee FY, Wittman M, Saulnier MG, Frennesson DB, Kalli KR, Conover CA, Attar RM, Kaufmann SH, Gottardis M, Erlichman C. In vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of the dual insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin receptor inhibitor, BMS-554417. Cancer Res 2006;66:362–71.PubMedCrossRef Haluska P, Carboni JM, Loegering DA, Lee FY, Wittman M, Saulnier MG, Frennesson DB, Kalli KR, Conover CA, Attar RM, Kaufmann SH, Gottardis M, Erlichman C. In vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of the dual insulin-like growth factor-I/insulin receptor inhibitor, BMS-554417. Cancer Res 2006;66:362–71.PubMedCrossRef
70.
Zurück zum Zitat KullJr FC, Jacobs S, Su Y-F, Svoboda ME, VanWyk JJ, Cuatrecasas P. Monoclonal antibodies to receptors for insulin and somatomedin-C. J Biol Chem 1983;258:6561–6. KullJr FC, Jacobs S, Su Y-F, Svoboda ME, VanWyk JJ, Cuatrecasas P. Monoclonal antibodies to receptors for insulin and somatomedin-C. J Biol Chem 1983;258:6561–6.
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Bergmann U, Funatomi H, Yokoyama M, Berger HG, Korc M. Insulin-like growth factor I overexpression in human pancreatic cancer: Evidence for autocrine and paracrine roles. Cancer Res 1995;55:2007–11.PubMed Bergmann U, Funatomi H, Yokoyama M, Berger HG, Korc M. Insulin-like growth factor I overexpression in human pancreatic cancer: Evidence for autocrine and paracrine roles. Cancer Res 1995;55:2007–11.PubMed
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Zia F, Jacobs S, Kull F, Cuttitta F, Mulshine JL, Moody TW. Monoclonal antibody alpha IR-3 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer growth in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Biochem 1996;24:269–75.CrossRef Zia F, Jacobs S, Kull F, Cuttitta F, Mulshine JL, Moody TW. Monoclonal antibody alpha IR-3 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer growth in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Biochem 1996;24:269–75.CrossRef
73.
Zurück zum Zitat Li SL, Liang SJ, Guo N, Wu AM, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y. Single-chain antibodies against human insulin-like growth factor I receptor: Expression, purification, and effect on tumor growth. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2000;49:243–52.PubMedCrossRef Li SL, Liang SJ, Guo N, Wu AM, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y. Single-chain antibodies against human insulin-like growth factor I receptor: Expression, purification, and effect on tumor growth. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2000;49:243–52.PubMedCrossRef
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Sachdev D, Li SL, Hartell JS, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y, Miller JS, Yee D. A chimeric humanized single-chain antibody against the type I insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor renders breast cancer cells refractory to the mitogenic effects of IGF-I. Cancer Res 2003;63:627–35.PubMed Sachdev D, Li SL, Hartell JS, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y, Miller JS, Yee D. A chimeric humanized single-chain antibody against the type I insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor renders breast cancer cells refractory to the mitogenic effects of IGF-I. Cancer Res 2003;63:627–35.PubMed
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Maloney EK, McLaughlin JL, Dagdigian NE, Garrett LM, Connors KM, Zhou XM, Blattler WA, Chittenden T, Singh R. An anti-insulin-like growth factor I receptor antibody that is a potent inhibitor of cancer cell proliferation. Cancer Res 2003;63:5073–83.PubMed Maloney EK, McLaughlin JL, Dagdigian NE, Garrett LM, Connors KM, Zhou XM, Blattler WA, Chittenden T, Singh R. An anti-insulin-like growth factor I receptor antibody that is a potent inhibitor of cancer cell proliferation. Cancer Res 2003;63:5073–83.PubMed
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Burtrum D, Zhu Z, Lu D, Anderson DM, Prewett M, Pereira DS, Bassi R, Abdullah R, Hooper AT, Koo H, Jimenez X, Johnson D, Apblett R, Kussie P, Bohlen P, Witte L, Hicklin DJ, Ludwig DL. A fully human monoclonal antibody to the insulin-like growth factor I receptor blocks ligand-dependent signaling and inhibits human tumor growth in vivo. Cancer Res 2003;63:8912–21.PubMed Burtrum D, Zhu Z, Lu D, Anderson DM, Prewett M, Pereira DS, Bassi R, Abdullah R, Hooper AT, Koo H, Jimenez X, Johnson D, Apblett R, Kussie P, Bohlen P, Witte L, Hicklin DJ, Ludwig DL. A fully human monoclonal antibody to the insulin-like growth factor I receptor blocks ligand-dependent signaling and inhibits human tumor growth in vivo. Cancer Res 2003;63:8912–21.PubMed
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Wu JD, Odman A, Higgins LM, Haugk K, Vessella R, Ludwig DL, Plymate SR. In vivo effects of the human type I insulin-like growth factor receptor antibody A12 on androgen-dependent and androgen-independent xenograft human prostate tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2005;11:3065–74.PubMedCrossRef Wu JD, Odman A, Higgins LM, Haugk K, Vessella R, Ludwig DL, Plymate SR. In vivo effects of the human type I insulin-like growth factor receptor antibody A12 on androgen-dependent and androgen-independent xenograft human prostate tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2005;11:3065–74.PubMedCrossRef
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Goetsch L, Gonzalez A, Leger O, Beck A, Pauwels PJ, Haeuw JF, Corvaia N. A recombinant humanized anti-insulin-like growth factor receptor type I antibody (h7C10) enhances the antitumor activity of vinorelbine and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy against human cancer xenografts. Int J Cancer 2005;113:316–28.PubMedCrossRef Goetsch L, Gonzalez A, Leger O, Beck A, Pauwels PJ, Haeuw JF, Corvaia N. A recombinant humanized anti-insulin-like growth factor receptor type I antibody (h7C10) enhances the antitumor activity of vinorelbine and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy against human cancer xenografts. Int J Cancer 2005;113:316–28.PubMedCrossRef
79.
Zurück zum Zitat Cohen BD, Baker DA, Soderstrom C, Tkalcevic G, Rossi AM, Miller PE, Tengowski MW, Wang F, Gualberto A, Beebe JS, Moyer JD. Combination therapy enhances the inhibition of tumor growth with the fully human anti-type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody CP-751,871. Clin Cancer Res 2005;11:2063–73.PubMedCrossRef Cohen BD, Baker DA, Soderstrom C, Tkalcevic G, Rossi AM, Miller PE, Tengowski MW, Wang F, Gualberto A, Beebe JS, Moyer JD. Combination therapy enhances the inhibition of tumor growth with the fully human anti-type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody CP-751,871. Clin Cancer Res 2005;11:2063–73.PubMedCrossRef
80.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang Y, Hailey J, Williams D, Lipari P, Malkowski M, Wang X, Xie L, Li G, Saha D, Ling WL, Cannon-Carlson S, Greenberg R, Ramos RA, Shields R, Presta L, Brams P, Bishop WR, Pachter JA. Inhibition of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) signaling and tumor cell growth by a fully human neutralizing anti-IGF-IR antibody. Mol Cancer Ther 2005;4:1214–21.PubMedCrossRef Wang Y, Hailey J, Williams D, Lipari P, Malkowski M, Wang X, Xie L, Li G, Saha D, Ling WL, Cannon-Carlson S, Greenberg R, Ramos RA, Shields R, Presta L, Brams P, Bishop WR, Pachter JA. Inhibition of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) signaling and tumor cell growth by a fully human neutralizing anti-IGF-IR antibody. Mol Cancer Ther 2005;4:1214–21.PubMedCrossRef
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Jackson-Booth PG, Terry C, Lackey B, Lopaczynska M, Nissley P. Inhibition of the biologic response to insulin-like growth factor I in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by a new monoclonal antibody to the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor. The importance of receptor down-regulation. Horm Metab Res 2003;35:850–6.PubMedCrossRef Jackson-Booth PG, Terry C, Lackey B, Lopaczynska M, Nissley P. Inhibition of the biologic response to insulin-like growth factor I in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by a new monoclonal antibody to the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor. The importance of receptor down-regulation. Horm Metab Res 2003;35:850–6.PubMedCrossRef
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Sachdev D, Singh R, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y, Yee D. Downregulation of insulin receptor by antibodies against the type I I insulin-like growth factor receptor: Implications for anti-IGF therapy in cancer. Cancer Res 2006;66. Sachdev D, Singh R, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y, Yee D. Downregulation of insulin receptor by antibodies against the type I I insulin-like growth factor receptor: Implications for anti-IGF therapy in cancer. Cancer Res 2006;66.
83.
Zurück zum Zitat Bohula EA, Playford MP, Macaulay VM. Targeting the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor as anti-cancer treatment. Anticancer Drugs 2003;14:669–82.PubMedCrossRef Bohula EA, Playford MP, Macaulay VM. Targeting the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor as anti-cancer treatment. Anticancer Drugs 2003;14:669–82.PubMedCrossRef
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Bohula EA, Salisbury AJ, Sohail M, Playford MP, Riedemann J, Southern EM, Macaulay VM. The efficacy of small interfering RNAs targeted to the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) is influenced by secondary structure in the IGF1R transcript. J Biol Chem 2003;278:15991–7.PubMedCrossRef Bohula EA, Salisbury AJ, Sohail M, Playford MP, Riedemann J, Southern EM, Macaulay VM. The efficacy of small interfering RNAs targeted to the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) is influenced by secondary structure in the IGF1R transcript. J Biol Chem 2003;278:15991–7.PubMedCrossRef
85.
Zurück zum Zitat Chernicky CL, Yi LJ, Tan HQ, Gan SU, Ilan J. Treatment of human breast cancer cells with antisense RNA to the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor inhibits cell growth, suppresses tumorigenesis, alters the metastatic potential, and prolongs survival in vivo. Cancer Gene Ther 2000;7:384–95.PubMedCrossRef Chernicky CL, Yi LJ, Tan HQ, Gan SU, Ilan J. Treatment of human breast cancer cells with antisense RNA to the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor inhibits cell growth, suppresses tumorigenesis, alters the metastatic potential, and prolongs survival in vivo. Cancer Gene Ther 2000;7:384–95.PubMedCrossRef
86.
Zurück zum Zitat Andrews DW, Resnicoff M, Flanders AE, Kenyon L, Curtis M, Merli G, Baserga R, Iliakis G, Aiken RD. Results of a pilot study involving the use of an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide directed against the insulin-like growth factor type I receptor in malignant astrocytomas. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:2189–200.PubMed Andrews DW, Resnicoff M, Flanders AE, Kenyon L, Curtis M, Merli G, Baserga R, Iliakis G, Aiken RD. Results of a pilot study involving the use of an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide directed against the insulin-like growth factor type I receptor in malignant astrocytomas. J Clin Oncol 2001;19:2189–200.PubMed
87.
Zurück zum Zitat Albain KS, Green SJ, Ravdin PM, Cobau CD, Levine EG, Ingle JN, Pritchard KI, Schneider DJ, Abeloff MD, Norton L, Henderson IC, Lew D, Livingston RB, Martino S, Osborne CK. Adjuvant chemohormonal therapy for primary breast cancer should be sequential instead of concurrent: Initial results from intertgroup trial 0100 (SWOG-8814). Proc ASCO 2002;21:A-143. Albain KS, Green SJ, Ravdin PM, Cobau CD, Levine EG, Ingle JN, Pritchard KI, Schneider DJ, Abeloff MD, Norton L, Henderson IC, Lew D, Livingston RB, Martino S, Osborne CK. Adjuvant chemohormonal therapy for primary breast cancer should be sequential instead of concurrent: Initial results from intertgroup trial 0100 (SWOG-8814). Proc ASCO 2002;21:A-143.
89.
Zurück zum Zitat Shi Y, Yan H, Frost P, Gera J, Lichtenstein A. Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors activate the AKT kinase in multiple myeloma cells by up-regulating the insulin-like growth factor receptor/insulin receptor substrate-1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade. Mol Cancer Ther 2005;4:1533–40.PubMedCrossRef Shi Y, Yan H, Frost P, Gera J, Lichtenstein A. Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors activate the AKT kinase in multiple myeloma cells by up-regulating the insulin-like growth factor receptor/insulin receptor substrate-1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade. Mol Cancer Ther 2005;4:1533–40.PubMedCrossRef
90.
Zurück zum Zitat O'Reilly KE, Rojo F, She QB, Solit D, Mills GB, Smith D, Lane H, Hofmann F, Hicklin DJ, Ludwig DL, Baselga J, Rosen N. mTOR inhibition induces upstream receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and activates Akt. Cancer Res 2006;66:1500–8.PubMedCrossRef O'Reilly KE, Rojo F, She QB, Solit D, Mills GB, Smith D, Lane H, Hofmann F, Hicklin DJ, Ludwig DL, Baselga J, Rosen N. mTOR inhibition induces upstream receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and activates Akt. Cancer Res 2006;66:1500–8.PubMedCrossRef
91.
Zurück zum Zitat Huynh HT, Tetenes E, Wallace L, Pollak M. In vivo inhibition of insulin-like growth factor I gene expression by tamoxifen. Cancer Res 1993;53:1727–30.PubMed Huynh HT, Tetenes E, Wallace L, Pollak M. In vivo inhibition of insulin-like growth factor I gene expression by tamoxifen. Cancer Res 1993;53:1727–30.PubMed
92.
Zurück zum Zitat Ye JJ, Liang SJ, Guo N, Li SL, Wu AM, Giannini S, Sachdev D, Yee D, Brunner N, Ikle D, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y. Combined effects of tamoxifen and a chimeric humanized single chain antibody against the type I IGF receptor on breast tumor growth in vivo. Horm Metab Res 2003;35:836–42.PubMedCrossRef Ye JJ, Liang SJ, Guo N, Li SL, Wu AM, Giannini S, Sachdev D, Yee D, Brunner N, Ikle D, Fujita-Yamaguchi Y. Combined effects of tamoxifen and a chimeric humanized single chain antibody against the type I IGF receptor on breast tumor growth in vivo. Horm Metab Res 2003;35:836–42.PubMedCrossRef
93.
Zurück zum Zitat Slamon DJ, Leyland-Jones B, Shak S, Fuchs H, Paton V, Bajamonde A, Fleming T, Eiermann W, Wolter J, Pegram M, Baselga J, Norton L. Use of chemotherapy plus a monoclonal antibody against HER2 for metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER2. N Engl J Med 2001;344:783–92.PubMedCrossRef Slamon DJ, Leyland-Jones B, Shak S, Fuchs H, Paton V, Bajamonde A, Fleming T, Eiermann W, Wolter J, Pegram M, Baselga J, Norton L. Use of chemotherapy plus a monoclonal antibody against HER2 for metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER2. N Engl J Med 2001;344:783–92.PubMedCrossRef
94.
Zurück zum Zitat Piccart-Gebhart MJ, Procter M, Leyland-Jones B, Goldhirsch A, Untch M, Smith I, Gianni L, Baselga J, Bell R, Jackisch C, Cameron D, Dowsett M, Barrios CH, Steger G, Huang CS, Andersson M, Inbar M, Lichinitser M, Lang I, Nitz U, Iwata H, Thomssen C, Lohrisch C, Suter TM, Ruschoff J, Suto T, Greatorex V, Ward C, Straehle C, McFadden E, Dolci MS, Gelber RD. Trastuzumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2005;353:1659–72.PubMedCrossRef Piccart-Gebhart MJ, Procter M, Leyland-Jones B, Goldhirsch A, Untch M, Smith I, Gianni L, Baselga J, Bell R, Jackisch C, Cameron D, Dowsett M, Barrios CH, Steger G, Huang CS, Andersson M, Inbar M, Lichinitser M, Lang I, Nitz U, Iwata H, Thomssen C, Lohrisch C, Suter TM, Ruschoff J, Suto T, Greatorex V, Ward C, Straehle C, McFadden E, Dolci MS, Gelber RD. Trastuzumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2005;353:1659–72.PubMedCrossRef
95.
Zurück zum Zitat Romond EH, Perez EA, Bryant J, Suman VJ, Geyer CE, Jr., Davidson NE, Tan-Chiu E, Martino S, Paik S, Kaufman PA, Swain SM, Pisansky TM, Fehrenbacher L, Kutteh LA, Vogel VG, Visscher DW, Yothers G, Jenkins RB, Brown AM, Dakhil SR, Mamounas EP, Lingle WL, Klein PM, Ingle JN, Wolmark N. Trastuzumab plus adjuvant chemotherapy for operable HER2-positive breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2005;353:1673–84.PubMedCrossRef Romond EH, Perez EA, Bryant J, Suman VJ, Geyer CE, Jr., Davidson NE, Tan-Chiu E, Martino S, Paik S, Kaufman PA, Swain SM, Pisansky TM, Fehrenbacher L, Kutteh LA, Vogel VG, Visscher DW, Yothers G, Jenkins RB, Brown AM, Dakhil SR, Mamounas EP, Lingle WL, Klein PM, Ingle JN, Wolmark N. Trastuzumab plus adjuvant chemotherapy for operable HER2-positive breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2005;353:1673–84.PubMedCrossRef
96.
Zurück zum Zitat Lu Y, Zi X, Zhao Y, Mascarenhas D, Pollak M. Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor signaling and resistance to trastuzumab (Herceptin). J Natl Cancer Inst 2001;93:1852–7.PubMedCrossRef Lu Y, Zi X, Zhao Y, Mascarenhas D, Pollak M. Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor signaling and resistance to trastuzumab (Herceptin). J Natl Cancer Inst 2001;93:1852–7.PubMedCrossRef
97.
Zurück zum Zitat Camirand A, Lu Y, Pollak M. Co-targeting HER2/ErbB2 and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors causes synergistic inhibition of growth in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Med Sci Monit 2002;8:BR521–6.PubMed Camirand A, Lu Y, Pollak M. Co-targeting HER2/ErbB2 and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors causes synergistic inhibition of growth in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Med Sci Monit 2002;8:BR521–6.PubMed
98.
Zurück zum Zitat Abuzzahab MJ, Schneider A, Goddard A, Grigorescu F, Lautier C, Keller E, Kiess W, Klammt J, Kratzsch J, Osgood D, Pfaffle R, Raile K, Seidel B, Smith RJ, Chernausek SD. IGF-I receptor mutations resulting in intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation. N Engl J Med 2003;349:2211–22.PubMedCrossRef Abuzzahab MJ, Schneider A, Goddard A, Grigorescu F, Lautier C, Keller E, Kiess W, Klammt J, Kratzsch J, Osgood D, Pfaffle R, Raile K, Seidel B, Smith RJ, Chernausek SD. IGF-I receptor mutations resulting in intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation. N Engl J Med 2003;349:2211–22.PubMedCrossRef
99.
Zurück zum Zitat Bild AH, Yao G, Chang JT, Wang Q, Potti A, Chasse D, Joshi MB, Harpole D, Lancaster JM, Berchuck A, Olson JA, Marks JR, Dressman HK, West M, Nevins JR. Oncogenic pathway signatures in human cancers as a guide to targeted therapies. Nature 2005; 439:353–7.PubMedCrossRef Bild AH, Yao G, Chang JT, Wang Q, Potti A, Chasse D, Joshi MB, Harpole D, Lancaster JM, Berchuck A, Olson JA, Marks JR, Dressman HK, West M, Nevins JR. Oncogenic pathway signatures in human cancers as a guide to targeted therapies. Nature 2005; 439:353–7.PubMedCrossRef
100.
Zurück zum Zitat Wittman M, Carboni J, Attar R, Balasubramanian B, Balimane P, Brassil P, Beaulieu F, Chang C, Clarke W, Dell J, Eummer J, Frennesson D, Gottardis M, Greer A, Hansel S, Hurlburt W, Jacobson B, Krishnananthan S, Lee FY, Li A, Lin TA, Liu P, Ouellet C, Sang X, Saulnier MG, Stoffan K, Sun Y, Velaparthi U, Wong H, Yang Z, Zimmermann K, Zoeckler M, Vyas D. Discovery of a (1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)-1H-pyridin-2-one (BMS-536924) inhibitor of insulin-like growth factor I receptor kinase with in vivo antitumor activity. J Med Chem 2005;48:5639–43.PubMedCrossRef Wittman M, Carboni J, Attar R, Balasubramanian B, Balimane P, Brassil P, Beaulieu F, Chang C, Clarke W, Dell J, Eummer J, Frennesson D, Gottardis M, Greer A, Hansel S, Hurlburt W, Jacobson B, Krishnananthan S, Lee FY, Li A, Lin TA, Liu P, Ouellet C, Sang X, Saulnier MG, Stoffan K, Sun Y, Velaparthi U, Wong H, Yang Z, Zimmermann K, Zoeckler M, Vyas D. Discovery of a (1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl)-1H-pyridin-2-one (BMS-536924) inhibitor of insulin-like growth factor I receptor kinase with in vivo antitumor activity. J Med Chem 2005;48:5639–43.PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Inhibitors of Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling: A Therapeutic Approach for Breast Cancer
verfasst von
Deepali Sachdev
Douglas Yee
Publikationsdatum
01.01.2006
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia / Ausgabe 1/2006
Print ISSN: 1083-3021
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7039
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10911-006-9010-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2006

Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia 1/2006 Zur Ausgabe

Adjuvante Immuntherapie verlängert Leben bei RCC

25.04.2024 Nierenkarzinom Nachrichten

Nun gibt es auch Resultate zum Gesamtüberleben: Eine adjuvante Pembrolizumab-Therapie konnte in einer Phase-3-Studie das Leben von Menschen mit Nierenzellkarzinom deutlich verlängern. Die Sterberate war im Vergleich zu Placebo um 38% geringer.

Alectinib verbessert krankheitsfreies Überleben bei ALK-positivem NSCLC

25.04.2024 NSCLC Nachrichten

Das Risiko für Rezidiv oder Tod von Patienten und Patientinnen mit reseziertem ALK-positivem NSCLC ist unter einer adjuvanten Therapie mit dem Tyrosinkinase-Inhibitor Alectinib signifikant geringer als unter platinbasierter Chemotherapie.

Bei Senioren mit Prostatakarzinom auf Anämie achten!

24.04.2024 DGIM 2024 Nachrichten

Patienten, die zur Behandlung ihres Prostatakarzinoms eine Androgendeprivationstherapie erhalten, entwickeln nicht selten eine Anämie. Wer ältere Patienten internistisch mitbetreut, sollte auf diese Nebenwirkung achten.

ICI-Therapie in der Schwangerschaft wird gut toleriert

Müssen sich Schwangere einer Krebstherapie unterziehen, rufen Immuncheckpointinhibitoren offenbar nicht mehr unerwünschte Wirkungen hervor als andere Mittel gegen Krebs.

Update Onkologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.