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Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports

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01.09.2013 | Infection (J Berger)

The Variegate Neurological Manifestations of Varicella Zoster Virus Infection

verfasst von: Don Gilden, Maria A. Nagel, Randall J. Cohrs, Ravi Mahalingam

Erschienen in: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports | Ausgabe 9/2013

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Abstract

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is an exclusively human neurotropic alphaherpesvirus. Primary infection causes varicella (chickenpox), after which the virus becomes latent in ganglionic neurons along the entire neuraxis. With advancing age or immunosuppression, cell-mediated immunity to VZV declines, and the virus reactivates to cause zoster (shingles), dermatomal distribution, pain, and rash. Zoster is often followed by chronic pain (postherpetic neuralgia), cranial nerve palsies, zoster paresis, vasculopathy, meningoencephalitis, and multiple ocular disorders. This review covers clinical, laboratory, and pathological features of neurological complications of VZV reactivation, including diagnostic testing to verify active VZV infection in the nervous system. Additional perspectives are provided by discussions of VZV latency, animal models to study varicella pathogenesis and immunity, and of the value of vaccination of elderly individuals to boost cell-mediated immunity to VZV and prevent VZV reactivation.

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Titel: The Variegate Neurological Manifestations of Varicella Zoster Virus Infection
verfasst von: Don Gilden
Maria A. Nagel
Randall J. Cohrs
Ravi Mahalingam
Publikationsdatum: 01.09.2013
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports / Ausgabe 9/2013
Print ISSN: 1528-4042
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-6293
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-013-0374-z

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