Pediatric Deformity Correction Using a Multiaxial Correction Fixator

Circular fixators have been used successfully to correct multiplanar deformities but are often cumbersome and may be difficult to apply. We determined whether a monolateral fixator, which allows for correction of angular deformity and displacement in three planes, can correct lower extremity deformities to within normal radiographic means (anatomic lateral distal femoral angle, anatomic medial proximal tibial angle, and tibial femoral angle). We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records and radiographs of 22 consecutive patients (25 limbs) who underwent deformity correction using a new multiaxial monolateral external fixator. The patients were 4 to 16 years of age. We had a minimum 1.2-year followup (mean, 2.14 years; range, 1.2–3.1 years). Those with primary femoral and tibial deformities had improvements in the mean deviation from normal of the anatomic lateral distal femoral angle, anatomic medial proximal tibial angle and tibial femoral angle. Patients with Blount’s disease had improvements in the mean anatomic medial proximal tibial angle from 59.9º to 87.8º. Five patients had complications (two pin site infections, one premature consolidation, one knee flexion contracture, one recurrence of varus). Six patients developed secondary deformities, all of which were corrected using the primary or secondary hinge. We conclude this fixator can produce satisfactory results with relatively few complications.