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Erschienen in: Der Kardiologe 2/2010

01.04.2010 | Leitlinien

Kommentare zu den Leitlinien der Europäischen Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (ESC) zur Diagnostik und Therapie von Patienten mit ST-Streckenhebungsinfarkt (STEMI)

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. S. Silber, F.A.C.C., F.E.S.C., M. Borggrefe, G. Hasenfuß, V. Falk, A. Kastrati, M. Weis, C.W. Hamm

Erschienen in: Die Kardiologie | Ausgabe 2/2010

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Zusammenfassung

Die möglichst unverzügliche Wiedereröffnung des verschlossenen Infarktgefäßes steht nach wie vor im Mittelpunkt der Behandlung von Patienten mit STEMI. Die möglichst rasche prähospitale klinische und EKG-Diagnose eines STEMI ist für die Optimierung des Zeitablaufs zwischen Symptom- und Reperfusionsbeginn unerlässlich. Dies wird am besten durch die Etablierung eines Netzwerkes von Kliniken mit und ohne PCI-Bereitschaft erreicht, die durch ein effizientes Rettungswagensystem verknüpft sind. Kliniken mit PCI-Bereitschaft müssen diese durchgehend (24 h/7 Tage) vorweisen. Die beste Reperfusionsstrategie ist die durch ein erfahrenes Team durchgeführte primäre PCI mit Stentimplantation. Die primäre PCI sollte so rasch wie möglich, aber spätestens noch innerhalb von 2 h nach der EKG-Diagnose (sog. „medizinischer Erstkontakt“) durchgeführt werden. Bei Patienten mit großem Infarkt ist diese Zeitspanne mit maximal 90 min kürzer. Alle Patienten sollten grundsätzlich möglichst sofort Acetylsalicylsäure (i.v. oder zum Kauen), eine Bolusdosis eines Thienopyridinderivates sowie eines der folgenden Antikoagulanzien erhalten: bei geplanter primärer PCI: vorzugsweise Bivalirudin oder (unfraktioniertes) Heparin; nach Einleitung einer Fibrinolyse (wenn keine PCI innerhalb von 2 h möglich ist): Enoxaparin oder Heparin. Die routinemäßige i.v.-Verabreichung eines β-Blockers ist nicht indiziert. Auch bei einer erfolgreichen Thrombolyse soll der Transport in eine PCI-Klinik möglichst rasch erfolgen, um 3–24 h nach Lysebeginn eine invasive Koronarangiographie in PCI-Bereitschaft durchzuführen. Neuere Untersuchungen weisen darauf hin, dass (sofern keine Kontraindikationen vorliegen) bei Patienten mit STEMI das Clopidogrel durch Prasugrel ersetzt werden kann.
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Metadaten
Titel
Kommentare zu den Leitlinien der Europäischen Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (ESC) zur Diagnostik und Therapie von Patienten mit ST-Streckenhebungsinfarkt (STEMI)
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. S. Silber, F.A.C.C., F.E.S.C.
M. Borggrefe
G. Hasenfuß
V. Falk
A. Kastrati
M. Weis
C.W. Hamm
Publikationsdatum
01.04.2010
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Die Kardiologie / Ausgabe 2/2010
Print ISSN: 2731-7129
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7137
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12181-009-0246-6

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