Skip to main content
Hauptrubriken
CME Facharzt-Training Webinare Zeitschriften Bücher e.Medpedia Podcast
Service
Jobbörse Info & Hilfe
Fachgebiete
Anästhesiologie Allgemeinmedizin Arbeitsmedizin Augenheilkunde Chirurgie Dermatologie Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe HNO Innere Medizin Kardiologie Neurologie Onkologie und Hämatologie Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie Pädiatrie Pathologie Psychiatrie Radiologie Rechtsmedizin Urologie Zahnmedizin
Themen
Klimawandel und Gesundheit Neues aus dem Markt COVID-19 Praxis und Beruf Seltene Erkrankungen GOÄ & EBM Panorama
Sammlungen
Kasuistiken Algorithmen & Infografiken Blickdiagnosen Arthropedia FlapFinder (für Dermatochirurgen) Videos Kongressberichterstattung Medizin für Apothekerinnen und Apotheker Für Ärztinnen und Ärzte in Weiterbildung Für Medizinstudierende
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
BioDrugs
Erschienen in: BioDrugs 6/2013

01.12.2013 | Review Article

Sorafenib and Thyroid Cancer

verfasst von: Poupak Fallahi, Silvia Martina Ferrari, Francesca Santini, Alda Corrado, Gabriele Materazzi, Salvatore Ulisse, Paolo Miccoli, Alessandro Antonelli

Erschienen in: BioDrugs | Ausgabe 6/2013

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Sorafenib (Nexavar) is a multikinase inhibitor, which has demonstrated both anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic properties in vitro and in vivo, inhibiting the activity of targets present in the tumor cell [c-RAF (proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase), BRAF, V600EBRAF, c-KIT, and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3] and in tumor vessels (c-RAF, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor β). For several years, sorafenib has been approved for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma and advanced renal cell carcinoma. After previous studies showing that sorafenib was able to inhibit oncogenic RET mutants, V600EBRAF, and angiogenesis and growth of orthotopic anaplastic thyroid cancer xenografts in nude mice, some clinical trials demonstrated the effectiveness of sorafenib in advanced thyroid cancer. Currently, the evaluation of the clinical safety and efficacy of sorafenib for the treatment of advanced thyroid cancer is ongoing. This article reviews the anti-neoplastic effect of sorafenib in thyroid cancer. Several completed (or ongoing) studies have evaluated the long-term efficacy and tolerability of sorafenib in patients with papillary and medullary aggressive thyroid cancer. The results suggest that sorafenib is a promising therapeutic option in patients with advanced thyroid cancer that is not responsive to traditional therapeutic strategies.
Literatur
1.
Jemal A, Siegel R, Ward E, Murray T, Xu J, Thun MJ. Cancer statistics, 2007. CA Cancer J Clin. 2007;57:43–66.PubMedCrossRef
2.
American Thyroid Association (ATA) Guidelines Taskforce on Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer, Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Haugen BR, Kloos RT, Lee SL, Mandel SJ, Mazzaferri EL, McIver B, Pacini F, Schlumberger M, Sherman SI, Steward DL, Tuttle RM. Revised American Thyroid Association management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 2009;19:1167–214.
3.
Antonelli A, Miccoli P, Ferdeghini M, Di Coscio G, Alberti B, Iacconi P, Baldi V, Fallahi P, Baschieri L. Role of neck ultrasonography in the follow-up of patients operated on for thyroid cancer. Thyroid. 1995;5:25–8.PubMedCrossRef
4.
Antonelli A, Miccoli P, Fallahi P, Grosso M, Nesti C, Spinelli C, Ferrannini E. Role of neck ultrasonography in the follow-up of children operated on for thyroid papillary cancer. Thyroid. 2003;13:479–84.PubMedCrossRef
5.
Antonelli A, Miccoli P, Derzhitski VE, Panasiuk G, Solovieva N, Baschieri L. Epidemiologic and clinical evaluation of thyroid cancer in children from the Gomel region (Belarus). World J Surg. 1996;20:867–71.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Spinelli C, Bertocchini A, Antonelli A, Miccoli P. Surgical therapy of the thyroid papillary carcinoma in children: experience with 56 patients < or = 16 years old. J Pediatr Surg. 2004;39:1500–5.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Haugen BR. Management of the patient with progressive radioiodine non-responsive disease. Semin Surg Oncol. 1999;16:34–41.PubMedCrossRef
8.
Krause DS, Van Etten RA. Tyrosine kinases as targets for cancer therapy. N Engl J Med. 2005;353:172–87.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Antonelli A, Fallahi P, Ferrari SM, Carpi A, Berti P, Materazzi G, Minuto M, Guastalli M, Miccoli P. Dedifferentiated thyroid cancer: a therapeutic challenge. Biomed Pharmacother. 2008;62:559–63.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Lemoine NR, Mayall ES, Wyllie FS, Williams ED, Goyns M, Stringer B, Wynford-Thomas D. High frequency of ras oncogene activation in all stages of human thyroid tumorigenesis. Oncogene. 1989;4:159–64.PubMed
11.
Garcia-Rostan G, Zhao H, Camp RL, Pollan M, Herrero A, Pardo J, Wu R, Carcangiu ML, Costa J, Tallini G. ras mutations are associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes and poor prognosis in thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2003;21:3226–35.PubMedCrossRef
12.
Dwight T, Thoppe SR, Foukakis T, Lui WO, Wallin G, Höög A, Frisk T, Larsson C, Zedenius J. Involvement of the PAX8/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma rearrangement in follicular thyroid tumors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:4440–5.PubMedCrossRef
13.
Nikiforov YE, Nikiforova MN. Molecular genetics and diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2011;7:569–80.PubMedCrossRef
14.
Anders J, Kjar S, Ibanez CF. Molecular modeling of the extracellular domain of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase reveals multiple cadherin-like domains and calcium-binding site. J Biol Chem. 2001;276:35808–17.PubMedCrossRef
15.
de Groot JW, Links TP, Plukker JT, Lips CJ, Hofstra RM. RET as a diagnostic and therapeutic target in sporadic and hereditary endocrine tumors. Endocr Rev. 2006;27:535–60.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Adeniran AJ, Zhu Z, Gandhi M, Steward DL, Fidler JP, Giordano TJ, Biddinger PW, Nikiforov YE. Correlation between genetic alterations and microscopic features, clinical manifestations, and prognostic characteristics of thyroid papillary carcinomas. Am J Surg Pathol. 2006;30:216–22.PubMedCrossRef
17.
Nikiforov YE, Rowland JM, Bove KE, Monforte-Munoz H, Fagin JA. Distinct pattern of ret oncogene rearrangements in morphological variants of radiation-induced and sporadic thyroid papillary carcinomas in children. Cancer Res. 1997;57:1690–4.PubMed
18.
19.
Xing M, Westra WH, Tufano RP, Cohen Y, Rosenbaum E, Rhoden KJ, Carson KA, Vasko V, Larin A, Tallini G, Tolaney S, Holt EH, Hui P, Umbricht CB, Basaria S, Ewertz M, Tufaro AP, Califano JA, Ringel MD, Zeiger MA, Sidransky D, Ladenson PW. BRAF mutation predicts a poorer clinical prognosis for papillary thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:6373–9.PubMedCrossRef
20.
Hara H, Fulton N, Yashiro T, Ito K, DeGroot LJ, Kaplan EL. N-ras mutation: an independent prognostic factor for aggressiveness of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Surgery. 1994;116:1010–6.PubMed
21.
Antonelli A, Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Minuto M, Corrado A, Bruno R, Miccoli P. Medullary thyroid cancer: new targeted molecular therapies. Recent Pat Endocr Metab Immune Drug Discov. 2010;4:10–4(5).
22.
23.
Weber T, Shilling T, Buchler MW. Thyroid carcinoma. Curr Opin Oncol. 2006;18:30–5.PubMed
24.
Santoro M, Melillo RM, Carlomagno F, Fusco A, Vecchio G. Molecular mechanisms of RET activation in human cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002;963:116–21.PubMedCrossRef
25.
Drosten M, Putzer BM. Mechanisms of disease: cancer targeting and the impact of oncogenic RET for medullary thyroid carcinoma therapy. Nat Clin Pract Oncol. 2006;3:564–74.PubMedCrossRef
26.
Lorusso PM, Eder JP. Therapeutic potential of novel selective-spectrum kinase inhibitors in oncology. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2008;17:1013–28.PubMedCrossRef
27.
Antonelli A, Ferri C, Ferrari SM, Sebastiani M, Colaci M, Ruffilli I, Fallahi P. New targeted molecular therapies for dedifferentiated thyroid cancer. J Oncol. 2010;2010:921682.PubMedCrossRef
28.
Gupta-Abramson V, Troxel AB, Nellore A, Puttaswamy K, Redlinger M, Ransone K, Mandel SJ, Flaherty KT, Loevner LA, O’Dwyer PJ, Brose MS. Phase II trial of sorafenib in advanced thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:4714–9.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Kloos RT, Ringel MD, Knopp MV, Hall NC, King M, Stevens R, Liang J, Wakely PE Jr, Vasko VV, Saji M, Rittenberry J, Wei L, Arbogast D, Collamore M, Wright JJ, Grever M, Shah MH. Phase II trial of sorafenib in metastatic thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2009;27:1675–84.PubMedCrossRef
30.
Hoftijzer H, Heemstra KA, Morreau H, Stokkel MP, Corssmit EP, Gelderblom H, Weijers K, Pereira AM, Huijberts M, Kapiteijn E, Romijn JA, Smit JW. Beneficial effects of sorafenib on tumor progression, but not on radioiodine uptake, in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Eur J Endocrinol. 2009;161:923–31.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Capdevila J, Iglesias L, Halperin I, Segura A, Vaz M, Corral J, Grau JJ, Obiols G, Hitt R, Tabernero J. Sorafenib in patients (pts) with advanced thyroid carcinoma (TC): a compassionate use program [abstract no. 5590]. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28 Suppl. 15 (presented at the 46th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology; 2010 June 4–8; Chicago).
32.
Ahmed M, Barbachano Y, Riddell A, Hickey J, Newbold KL, Viros A, Harrington KJ, Marais R, Nutting CM. Analysis of the efficacy and toxicity of sorafenib in thyroid cancer: a phase II study in a UK based population. Eur J Endocrinol. 2011;165:315–22.PubMedCrossRef
33.
Capdevila J, Iglesias L, Halperin I, Segura A, Martínez-Trufero J, Vaz MÁ, Corral J, Obiols G, Grande E, Grau JJ, Tabernero J. Sorafenib in metastatic thyroid cancer. Endocr Related Cancer. 2012;19:209–16.CrossRef
34.
Schneider TC, Abdulrahman RM, Corssmit EP, Morreau H, Smit JW, Kapiteijn E. Long term analysis of the efficacy and tolerability of sorafenib in advanced radio-iodine refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma: final results of a phase II trial. Eur J Endocrinol. 2012;167:643–50.PubMedCrossRef
35.
Marotta V, Ramundo V, Camera L, Del Prete M, Fonti R, Esposito R, Palmieri G, Salvatore M, Vitale M, Colao A, Faggiano A. Sorafenib in advanced iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer: efficacy, safety and exploratory analysis of role of serum thyroglobulin and FDG-PET. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2013;78:760–7.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Savvides P, Nagaiah G, Lavertu PN, Fu P, Wright JJ, Chapman R, Wasman J, Dowlati A, Remick SC. Phase II trial of sorafenib in patients with advanced anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid. Thyroid. 2013;23:600–4.PubMedCrossRef
37.
Lam ET, Ringel MD, Kloos RT, Prior TW, Knopp MV, Liang J, Sammet S, Hall NC, Wakely PE Jr, Vasko VV, Saji M, Snyder PJ, Wei L, Arbogast D, Collamore M, Wright JJ, Moley JF, Villalona-Calero MA, Shah MH. Phase II clinical trial of sorafenib in metastatic medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:2323–30.PubMedCrossRef
38.
de Groot JW, Zonnenberg BA, van Ufford-Mannesse PQ, de Vries MM, Links TP, Lips CJ, Voest EE. A phase II trial of imatinib therapy for metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92:3466–9.PubMedCrossRef
39.
Wells SA Jr, Gosnell JE, Gagel RF, Moley J, Pfister D, Sosa JA, Skinner M, Krebs A, Vasselli J, Schlumberger M. Vandetanib for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic hereditary medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28:767–72.PubMedCrossRef
40.
Robinson BG, Paz-Ares L, Krebs A, Vasselli J, Haddad R. Vandetanib (100 mg) in patients with locally advanced or metastatic hereditary medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95:2664–71.PubMedCrossRef
41.
Carlomagno F, Vitagliano D, Guida T, Ciardiello F, Tortora G, Vecchio G, Ryan AJ, Fontanini G, Fusco A, Santoro M. ZD6474, an orally available inhibitor of KDR tyrosine kinase activity, efficiently blocks oncogenic RET kinases. Cancer Res. 2002;62:7284–90.PubMed
42.
Cuccuru G, Lanzi C, Cassinelli G, Pratesi G, Tortoreto M, Petrangolini G, Seregni E, Martinetti A, Laccabue D, Zanchi C, Zunino F. Cellular effects and antitumor activity of RET inhibitor RPI-1 on MEN2A-associated medullary thyroid carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004;96:1006–14.PubMedCrossRef
43.
Strock CJ, Park JI, Rosen M, Dionne C, Ruggeri B, Jones-Bolin S, Denmeade SR, Ball DW, Nelkin BD. CEP-701 and CEP-751 inhibit constitutively activated RET tyrosine kinase activity and block medullary thyroid carcinoma cell growth. Cancer Res. 2003;63:5559–63.PubMed
44.
Carlomagno F, Vitagliano D, Guida T, Basolo F, Castellone MD, Melillo RM, Fusco A, Santoro M. Efficient inhibition of RET/papillary thyroid carcinoma oncogenic kinases by 4-amino-5-(4-chloro-phenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine (PP2). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88:1897–902.PubMedCrossRef
45.
Verbeek HH, Alves MM, de Groot JW, Osinga J, Plukker JT, Links TP, Hofstra RM. The effects of four different tyrosine kinase inhibitors on medullary and papillary thyroid cancers cells. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96:E991–5.PubMedCrossRef
46.
Coxon A, Bready J, Estrada J, Estrada J, Osgood T, Canon J, Wang L, Radinsky R, Kendall R, Hughes P, Polverino A. Antintumor activity of motesanib in a medullary thyroid cancer model. J Endocrinol Invest. 2012;35:181–90.PubMed
47.
Samady AK, Mukerji R, Shah A, Timmermann BN, Cohen MS. A novel RET inhibitor with potent efficacy against medullary thyroid cancer in vivo. Surgery. 2010;148:1228–36.CrossRef
48.
Antonelli A, Bocci G, La Motta C, Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Fioravanti A, Sartini S, Minuto M, Piaggi S, Corti A, Alì G, Berti P, Fontanini G, Danesi R, Da Settimo F, Miccoli P. Novel pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives as tyrosine kinase inhibitors with antitumoral activity in vitro and in vivo in papillary dedifferentiated thyroid cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96:E288–96.
49.
Kim S, Yazici YD, Calzada G, Wang ZY, Younes MN, Jasser SA, El-Naggar AK, Myers JN. Sorafenib inhibits the angiogenesis and growth of orthotopic anaplastic thyroid carcinoma xenografts in nude mice. Mol Cancer Ther. 2007;6:1785–92.PubMedCrossRef
50.
Koh YW, Shah MH, Agarwal K, McCarty SK, Koo BS, Brendel VJ, Wang C, Porter K, Jarjoura D, Saji M, Ringel MD. Sorafenib and Mek inhibition is synergistic in medullary thyroid carcinoma in vitro. Endocr Relat Cancer. 2012;19:29–38.PubMedCrossRef
51.
Antonelli A, Bocci G, La Motta C, Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Ruffilli I, Di Domenicantonio A, Fioravanti A, Sartini S, Minuto M, Piaggi S, Corti A, Alì G, Di Desidero T, Berti P, Fontanini G, Danesi R, Da Settimo F, Miccoli P. CLM94, a novel cyclic amide with anti-VEGFR-2 and antiangiogenic properties, is active against primary anaplastic thyroid cancer in vitro and in vivo. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97:E528–36.PubMedCrossRef
52.
Vieira JM, Santos SC, Espadinha C, Correia I, Vag T, Casalou C, Cavaco BM, Catarino AL, Dias S, Leite V. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors in thyroid carcinomas of follicular origin: a potential autocrine loop. Eur J Endocrinol. 2005;153:701–9.PubMedCrossRef
53.
Schlumberger M. Kinase inhibitors for refractory thyroid cancers. Lancet Oncol. 2010;11:912–3.PubMedCrossRef
54.
Kurzrock R, Sherman SI, Ball DW, Forastiere AA, Cohen RB, Mehra R, Pfister DG, Cohen EE, Janisch L, Nauling F, Hong DS, Ng CS, Ye L, Gagel RF, Frye J, Müller T, Ratain MJ, Salgia R. Activity of XL184 (cabozantinib), an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in patients with medullary thyroid cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:2660–6.PubMedCrossRef
55.
Smalley KS, Xiao M, Villanueva J, Nguyen TK, Flaherty KT, Letrero R, Van Belle P, Elder DE, Wang Y, Nathanson KL, Herlyn M. CRAF inhibition induces apoptosis in melanoma cells with non-V600E BRAF mutations. Oncogene. 2009;28:85–94.PubMedCrossRef
56.
Wilhelm SM, Adnane L, Newell P, Villanueva A, Llovet JM, Lynch M. Preclinical overview of sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor that targets both Raf and VEGF and PDGF receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. Mol Cancer Ther. 2008;7:3129–40.PubMedCrossRef
57.
Ibrahim N, Yu Y, Walsh WR, Yang JL. Molecular targeted therapies for cancer: sorafenib mono-therapy and its combination with other therapies (review). Oncol Rep. 2012;27:1303–11.PubMed
58.
Matsuse M, Mitsutake N, Tanimura S, Ogi T, Nishihara E, Hirokawa M, Fuziwara CS, Saenko VA, Suzuki K, Miyauchi A, Yamashita S. Functional characterization of the novel BRAF complex mutation, BRAF(V600delinsYM), identified in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Int J Cancer. 2013;132:738–43.PubMedCrossRef
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
Lathia C, Lettieri J, Cihon F, Gallentine M, Radtke M, Sundaresan P. Lack of effect of ketoconazole-mediated CYP3A inhibition on sorafenib clinical pharmacokinetics. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2006;57:685–92.PubMedCrossRef
64.
Grandinetti CA, Goldspiel BR. Sorafenib and sunitinib: novel targeted therapies for renal cell cancer. Pharmacotherapy. 2007;27:1125–44.PubMedCrossRef
65.
Keating GM, Santoro A. Sorafenib: a review of its use in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Drugs. 2009;69:223–40.PubMedCrossRef
66.
Lagas JS, van Waterschoot RA, Sparidans RW, Wagenaar E, Beijnen JH, Schinkel AH. Breast cancer resistance protein and P-glycoprotein limit sorafenib brain accumulation. Mol Cancer Ther. 2010;9:319–26.PubMedCrossRef
67.
Richly H, Henning BF, Kupsch P, Passarge K, Grubert M, Hilger RA, Christensen O, Brendel E, Schwartz B, Ludwig M, Flashar C, Voigtmann R, Scheulen ME, Seeber S, Strumberg D. Results of a phase I trial of sorafenib (BAY 43–9006) in combination with doxorubicin in patients with refractory solid tumors. Ann Oncol. 2006;17:866–73.PubMedCrossRef
68.
Mross K, Steinbild S, Baas F, Gmehling D, Radtke M, Voliotis D, Brendel E, Christensen O, Unger C. Results from an in vitro and a clinical/pharmacological phase I study with the combination irinotecan and sorafenib. Eur J Cancer. 2007;43:55–63.PubMedCrossRef
69.
Azad NS, Posadas EM, Kwitkowski VE, Steinberg SM, Jain L, Annunziata CM, Minasian L, Sarosy G, Kotz HL, Premkumar A, Cao L, McNally D, Chow C, Chen HX, Wright JJ, Figg WD, Kohn EC. Combination targeted therapy with sorafenib and bevacizumab results in enhanced toxicity and antitumor activity. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:3709–14.PubMedCrossRef
70.
Lee JM, Sarosy GA, Annunziata CM, Azad N, Minasian L, Kotz H, Squires J, Houston N, Kohn EC. Combination therapy: intermittent sorafenib with bevacizumab yields activity and decreased toxicity. Br J Cancer. 2010;102:495–9.PubMedCrossRef
71.
Duran I, Hotté SJ, Hirte H, Chen EX, MacLean M, Turner S, Duan L, Pond GR, Lathia C, Walsh S, Wright JJ, Dancey J, Siu LL. Phase I targeted combination trial of sorafenib and erlotinib in patients with advanced solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res. 2007;13:4849–57.PubMedCrossRef
72.
Spigel DR, Burris HA III, Greco FA, Shipley DL, Friedman EK, Waterhouse DM, Whorf RC, Mitchell RB, Daniel DB, Zangmeister J, Bass JD, Hainsworth JD. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II trial of sorafenib and erlotinib or erlotinib alone in previously treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2011;29:2582–9.PubMedCrossRef
73.
Martinelli E, Troiani T, Morgillo F, Rodolico G, Vitagliano D, Morelli MP, Tuccillo C, Vecchione L, Capasso A, Orditura M, De Vita F, Eckhardt SG, Santoro M, Berrino L, Ciardiello F. Synergistic antitumor activity of sorafenib in combination with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in colorectal and lung cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2010;16:4990–5001.PubMedCrossRef
74.
Escudier B, Lassau N, Angevin E, Soria JC, Chami L, Lamuraglia M, Zafarana E, Landreau V, Schwartz B, Brendel E, Armand JP, Robert C. Phase I trial of sorafenib in combination with IFN α-2a in patients with unresectable and/or metastatic renal cell carcinoma or malignant melanoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2007;13:1801–9.PubMedCrossRef
75.
Gollob JA, Rathmell WK, Richmond TM, Marino CB, Miller EK, Grigson G, Watkins C, Gu L, Peterson BL, Wright JJ. Phase II trial of sorafenib plus interferon α2b as first-or second-line therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:3288–95.PubMedCrossRef
76.
Egberts F, Gutzmer R, Ugurel S, Becker JC, Trefzer U, Degen A, Schenck F, Frey L, Wilhelm T, Hassel JC, Schadendorf D, Livingstone E, Mauch C, Garbe C, Berking C, Rass K, Mohr P, Kaehler KC, Weichenthal M, Hauschild A. Sorafenib and pegylated interferon-α2b in advanced metastatic melanoma: a multicenter phase II DeCOG trial. Ann Oncol. 2011;22:1667–74.PubMedCrossRef
77.
78.
Carlomagno F, Anaganti S, Guida T, Salvatore G, Troncone G, Wilhelm SM, Santoro M. BAY 43–9006 inhibition of oncogenic RET mutants. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006;98:326–34. Accessed 25 June 2013.
79.
80.
Brose MS, Nutting CM, Sherman SI, Shong YK, Smit JW, Reike G, Chung J, Kalmus J, Kappeler C, Schlumberger M. Rational and design of decision: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase III trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory, differentiated thyroid cancer. BMC Cancer. 2011;11:349.PubMedCrossRef
81.
Shen Y, Ruan M, Luo Q, Yu Y, Lu H, Zhu R, Chen L. Brain metastasis from follicular thyroid carcinoma: treatment with sorafenib. Thyroid. 2012;22:856–60.PubMedCrossRef
82.
Cohen SM, Mukerji R, Timmermann BN, Samadi AK, Cohen MS. A novel combination of withaferin A and sorafenib shows synergistic efficacy against both papillary and anaplastic thyroid cancers. Am J Surg. 2012;204:895–900.PubMedCrossRef
83.
Iyer P, Mayer JL, Ewig JM. Response to sorafenib in a pediatric patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma with diffuse nodular pulmonary disease requiring mechanical ventilation. Thyroid. 2013 (Epub ahead of print).
84.
Pignochino Y, Dell’aglio C, Basiricò M, Capozzi F, Soster M, Marchiò S, Bruno S, Gammaitoni L, Sangiolo D, Torchiaro E, D’Ambrosio L, Fagioli F, Ferrari S, Alberghini M, Picci P, Aglietta M, Grignani G. The combination of sorafenib and everolimus abrogates mTORC1 and mTORC2 upregulation in osteosarcoma preclinical models. Clin Cancer Res. 2013;19:2117–31.PubMedCrossRef
85.
Faustino A, Couto JP, Pópulo H, Rocha AS, Pardal F, Cameselle-Teijeiro JM, Lopes JM, Sobrinho-Simões M, Soares P. mTOR pathway overactivation in BRAF mutated papillary thyroid carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2012;97:E1139–49.PubMedCrossRef
86.
87.
Blumenthal RD, Goldenberg DM. Methods and goals for the use of in vitro and in vivo chemosensitivity testing. Mol Biotechnol. 2007;35:185–97. Accessed 25 June 2013.
88.
Antonelli A, Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Berti P, Materazzi G, Minuto M, Giannini R, Marchetti I, Barani L, Basolo F, Ferrannini E, Miccoli P. Thiazolidinediones and antiblastics in primary human anaplastic thyroid cancer cells. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2009;70:946–53.PubMedCrossRef
89.
Antonelli A, Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Berti P, Materazzi G, Marchetti I, Ugolini C, Basolo F, Miccoli P, Ferrannini E. Evaluation of the sensitivity to chemotherapeutics or thiazolidinediones of primary anaplastic thyroid cancer cells obtained by fine-needle aspiration. Eur J Endocrinol. 2008;159:283–91.PubMedCrossRef
90.
Antonelli A, Ferrari SM, Fallahi P, Berti P, Materazzi G, Barani L, Marchetti I, Ferrannini E, Miccoli P. Primary cell cultures from anaplastic thyroid cancer obtained by fine-needle aspiration used for chemosensitivity tests. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2008;69:148–52.PubMedCrossRef
91.
Cabanillas ME, Hu MI, Durand JB, Busaidy NL. Challenges associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy for metastatic thyroid cancer. J Thyroid Res. 2011;2011:985780.PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Sorafenib and Thyroid Cancer
verfasst von
Poupak Fallahi
Silvia Martina Ferrari
Francesca Santini
Alda Corrado
Gabriele Materazzi
Salvatore Ulisse
Paolo Miccoli
Alessandro Antonelli
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2013
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
BioDrugs / Ausgabe 6/2013
Print ISSN: 1173-8804
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-190X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40259-013-0049-y

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2013

BioDrugs 6/2013 Zur Ausgabe

Review Article

Treatment of Graft-versus-Host Disease with Naturally Occurring T Regulatory Cells

Leading Article

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency: New Developments in Augmentation and Other Therapies

Review Article

Immunomodulators in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Emerging Role for Biologic Agents

Acknowledgement to Referees

Acknowledgement to Referees

Review Article

Emerging Targets and Novel Approaches to Ebola Virus Prophylaxis and Treatment

Leading Article

Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Interleukin 5 in Asthma