Skip to main content
Erschienen in: European Journal of Medical Research 8/2010

01.12.2010 | Research

Tumor markers as a diagnostic key for hilar cholangiocarcinoma

verfasst von: B Juntermanns, S Radunz, M Heuer, S Hertel, H Reis, JP Neuhaus, S Vernadakis, T Trarbach, A Paul, GM Kaiser

Erschienen in: European Journal of Medical Research | Ausgabe 8/2010

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Objective

Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is the fourth most common gastrointestinal malignancy. CA19-9 and CEA are helpful devices in the management of gastrointestinal malignancies and belong to clinical routine in surgical oncology. But the validity of these parameters in terms of tumor extension and prognosis of bile duct malignancies still remains unclear.

Methods

From 1998 to 2008, we obtained preoperative CA19-9 and CEA serum levels in 136 patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma. We correlated tumor stage, resectability rate and survival with preoperative CA 19-9 and CEA serum levels.

Results

CA19-9 (UICC I: 253 ± 561 U/ml; UICC II: 742 ± 1572 U/ml; UICC III: 906 ± 1708 U/ml; UICC IV: 1707 ± 3053 U/ml) and CEA levels (UICC I: 2.9 ± 3.8 U/ml; UICC II: 4.6 ± 6.5 U/ml; UICC III: 18.1 ± 29.6 U/ml; UICC IV: 22.7 ± 53.9 U/ml) increase significantly with rising tumor stage. Patients with pre operative serum levels of CA19-9 (> 1000 U/ml) and CEA (> 14.4 ng/ml) showed a significant poorer resectability rate and survival than patients with lower CA19-9 and CEA serum levels respectively.

Conclusion

CA19-9 and CEA serum levels are associated with the tumor stage. If preoperatively obtained CA19-9 and CEA serum levels are highly elevated patients have an even worse survival and the frequency of irresectability is significantly higher.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Klatskin G: Adenocarcinoma of the hepatic duct at its bifurcation within the porta hepatis. Am J Med 1965, 38: 241–56. 10.1016/0002-9343(65)90178-6PubMedCrossRef Klatskin G: Adenocarcinoma of the hepatic duct at its bifurcation within the porta hepatis. Am J Med 1965, 38: 241–56. 10.1016/0002-9343(65)90178-6PubMedCrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Bismuth H, Corlette MB: Intrahepatic cholangioenteric anastomosis in carcinoma of the hilus of the liver. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1975,140(2):170–8.PubMed Bismuth H, Corlette MB: Intrahepatic cholangioenteric anastomosis in carcinoma of the hilus of the liver. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1975,140(2):170–8.PubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Lang H, Kaiser GM, Zöpf T, Sotiropoulos GC, Frilling A, Malagó M, Broelsch CE: Surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Chirurg 2006,77(4):325–34. 10.1007/s00104-006-1177-4PubMedCrossRef Lang H, Kaiser GM, Zöpf T, Sotiropoulos GC, Frilling A, Malagó M, Broelsch CE: Surgical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Chirurg 2006,77(4):325–34. 10.1007/s00104-006-1177-4PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Janargin WR, Shoup M: Surgical management of cholangiocarcinoma. Semin Liver Dis 2004,24(2):189–99. 10.1055/s-2004-828895CrossRef Janargin WR, Shoup M: Surgical management of cholangiocarcinoma. Semin Liver Dis 2004,24(2):189–99. 10.1055/s-2004-828895CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Lygidakis NJ, Sgourakis GJ, Dedemadi GV, Vlachos L, Safioleas M: Long-term results following resectional sur gery for Klatskin tumors. A twenty-year personal experience. Hepatogastroenterology 2001,48(37):95–101.PubMed Lygidakis NJ, Sgourakis GJ, Dedemadi GV, Vlachos L, Safioleas M: Long-term results following resectional sur gery for Klatskin tumors. A twenty-year personal experience. Hepatogastroenterology 2001,48(37):95–101.PubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Lazaridis KN, Gores GJ: Cholangiocarcinoma. Gastroenterology 2005,129(1):400.CrossRef Lazaridis KN, Gores GJ: Cholangiocarcinoma. Gastroenterology 2005,129(1):400.CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Li J, Kuehl H, Grabellus F, Müller SP, Radunz S, Antoch G, Nadalin S, Broelsch CE, Gerken G, Paul A, Kaiser GM: Preoperative assessment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma by dual-modality PET/CT. J Surg Oncol 2008,98(6):438–43. 10.1002/jso.21136PubMedCrossRef Li J, Kuehl H, Grabellus F, Müller SP, Radunz S, Antoch G, Nadalin S, Broelsch CE, Gerken G, Paul A, Kaiser GM: Preoperative assessment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma by dual-modality PET/CT. J Surg Oncol 2008,98(6):438–43. 10.1002/jso.21136PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Juntermanns B, Kaiser GM, Reis H, Saner FH, Radunz S, Vernadakis S, Heuer M, Kuehl H, Paul A, Treckmann J: Klatskin-mimicking lesions of the biliary tree: Still a diagnostical and therapeutical dilemma? Hepatogastroenterology 2010, in press. Juntermanns B, Kaiser GM, Reis H, Saner FH, Radunz S, Vernadakis S, Heuer M, Kuehl H, Paul A, Treckmann J: Klatskin-mimicking lesions of the biliary tree: Still a diagnostical and therapeutical dilemma? Hepatogastroenterology 2010, in press.
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Uhlmann D, Wiedmann M, Schmidt F, Kluge R, Tannapfel A, Berr F, Hauss J, Witzigmann H: Management and outcome in patients with Klastkin-mimicking lesions of the biliary tree. J Gastrointest Surg 2006,10(8):1144–50. 10.1016/j.gassur.2006.04.003PubMedCrossRef Uhlmann D, Wiedmann M, Schmidt F, Kluge R, Tannapfel A, Berr F, Hauss J, Witzigmann H: Management and outcome in patients with Klastkin-mimicking lesions of the biliary tree. J Gastrointest Surg 2006,10(8):1144–50. 10.1016/j.gassur.2006.04.003PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Knoefel WT, Prenzel KL, Peiper M, Hosch SB, Gundlach M, Eisenberger CF, Strate T, Scheunemann P, Rogiers X, Izbicki JR: Klatskin tumors and Klatskin mimicking lesions of the biliary tree. EJSO 2003,29(8):658–61.PubMedCrossRef Knoefel WT, Prenzel KL, Peiper M, Hosch SB, Gundlach M, Eisenberger CF, Strate T, Scheunemann P, Rogiers X, Izbicki JR: Klatskin tumors and Klatskin mimicking lesions of the biliary tree. EJSO 2003,29(8):658–61.PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Ni XG, Bai XF, Mao YL, Shao YF, Wu JX, Shan Y, Wang CF, Wang J, Tian YT, Liu Q, Xu DK, Zhao P: The clinical value of serum CEA, CA19–9, and CA242 in the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2005,31(2):164–9. 10.1016/j.ejso.2004.09.007PubMedCrossRef Ni XG, Bai XF, Mao YL, Shao YF, Wu JX, Shan Y, Wang CF, Wang J, Tian YT, Liu Q, Xu DK, Zhao P: The clinical value of serum CEA, CA19–9, and CA242 in the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2005,31(2):164–9. 10.1016/j.ejso.2004.09.007PubMedCrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Gores GJ: Early detection and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Transpl 2000,6(6 Suppl 2):S30–4. ReviewPubMedCrossRef Gores GJ: Early detection and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Transpl 2000,6(6 Suppl 2):S30–4. ReviewPubMedCrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Laulu S, Roberts W: Performance characteristics of five automated CA19.9 assays. Am J Clin Pathol 2007,127(3):436–40. 10.1309/H52VET3M6P7GYWG1CrossRef Laulu S, Roberts W: Performance characteristics of five automated CA19.9 assays. Am J Clin Pathol 2007,127(3):436–40. 10.1309/H52VET3M6P7GYWG1CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Vestergaard EM, Hein HO, Meyer H, Grunnet N, Jørgensen J, Wolf H, Orntoft TF: Reference values and biological variation for tumor marker CA19–9 in serum for different lewis and secretor genotypes and evaluation of secretor and lewis genotyping in a Caucasian population. Clin Chem 1999,45(1):54–61.PubMed Vestergaard EM, Hein HO, Meyer H, Grunnet N, Jørgensen J, Wolf H, Orntoft TF: Reference values and biological variation for tumor marker CA19–9 in serum for different lewis and secretor genotypes and evaluation of secretor and lewis genotyping in a Caucasian population. Clin Chem 1999,45(1):54–61.PubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Steinberg W: The clinical utility of the CA19–9 tumorassociated antigen. Am J Gastroenterol 1990,85(4):350–5.PubMed Steinberg W: The clinical utility of the CA19–9 tumorassociated antigen. Am J Gastroenterol 1990,85(4):350–5.PubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Robertson A, Davidson B: Mirizzi syndrome complicating an anomalous biliary tract: a novel cause of a hugely elevated CA19.9. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007,19(2):167–9. 10.1097/MEG.0b013e3280122879PubMedCrossRef Robertson A, Davidson B: Mirizzi syndrome complicating an anomalous biliary tract: a novel cause of a hugely elevated CA19.9. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007,19(2):167–9. 10.1097/MEG.0b013e3280122879PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Toomey DP, Swan N, Torreggiani W, Conlon KC: Autoimmune pancreatitis: medical and surgical management. JOP 2007,8(3):335–43.PubMed Toomey DP, Swan N, Torreggiani W, Conlon KC: Autoimmune pancreatitis: medical and surgical management. JOP 2007,8(3):335–43.PubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Murray M, Burton F, Bisceglie A: Markedly elevated serum CA19.9 levels in association with a benign biliary stricture due to primary sclerosing cholangitis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2007,41(1):115–7. 10.1097/MCG.0b013e31802dd094PubMedCrossRef Murray M, Burton F, Bisceglie A: Markedly elevated serum CA19.9 levels in association with a benign biliary stricture due to primary sclerosing cholangitis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2007,41(1):115–7. 10.1097/MCG.0b013e31802dd094PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Uygur-Bayramicli O, Dabak R, Orbay E, Dolapcioglu C, Sargin M, Kilicoglu G, Guleryuzlu Y, Mayadagli A: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and CA19.9 levels. World J Gastroenterol 2007,13(40):5357–9.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef Uygur-Bayramicli O, Dabak R, Orbay E, Dolapcioglu C, Sargin M, Kilicoglu G, Guleryuzlu Y, Mayadagli A: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and CA19.9 levels. World J Gastroenterol 2007,13(40):5357–9.PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Hammarström S: The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family: structures, suggested functions and expression in normal and malignant tissues. Semin cancer biol 1999,9(2):67–81. 10.1006/scbi.1998.0119PubMedCrossRef Hammarström S: The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family: structures, suggested functions and expression in normal and malignant tissues. Semin cancer biol 1999,9(2):67–81. 10.1006/scbi.1998.0119PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Wolter C, Neumeier D: Tumormarker in gastrointestinal diseases. Edited by: Siewert JR, Rothmund M, Schumpelick V. "Praxis der Viszeralchirurgie." Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer; 2006:141–154. Wolter C, Neumeier D: Tumormarker in gastrointestinal diseases. Edited by: Siewert JR, Rothmund M, Schumpelick V. "Praxis der Viszeralchirurgie." Berlin-Heidelberg: Springer; 2006:141–154.
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Ito F, Cho CS, Rikkers LF, Weber SM: Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: current management. Ann Surg 2009,250(2):210–8. Review 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181afe0abPubMedCrossRef Ito F, Cho CS, Rikkers LF, Weber SM: Hilar cholangiocarcinoma: current management. Ann Surg 2009,250(2):210–8. Review 10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181afe0abPubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Lygidakis NJ, Singh G, Bardaxoglou E, Dedemadi G, Sgourakis G, Nestoriois J, Malliotakis A, Pedonomou M, Safioleas M, Solomou EK, Grigorakos L, Vrachnos P: Changing trends in the management of Klatskin tumor. Hepatogastroenterology 2004,51(57):689–96.PubMed Lygidakis NJ, Singh G, Bardaxoglou E, Dedemadi G, Sgourakis G, Nestoriois J, Malliotakis A, Pedonomou M, Safioleas M, Solomou EK, Grigorakos L, Vrachnos P: Changing trends in the management of Klatskin tumor. Hepatogastroenterology 2004,51(57):689–96.PubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Rea DJ, Rosen CB, Nagorney DM, Heimbach JK, Gores GJ: Transplantation for cholangiocarcinoma: when and for whom? Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2009,18(2):32537. ix. Review.CrossRef Rea DJ, Rosen CB, Nagorney DM, Heimbach JK, Gores GJ: Transplantation for cholangiocarcinoma: when and for whom? Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2009,18(2):32537. ix. Review.CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaiser GM, Sotiropoulos GC, Jauch KW, Löhe F, Hirner A, Kalff JC, Königsrainer A, Steurer W, Senninger N, Brockmann JG, Schlitt HJ, Zülke C, Büchler MW, Schemmer P, Settmacher U, Hauss J, Lippert H, Hopt UT, Otto G, Heiss MM, Bechstein WO, Timm S, Klar E, Hölscher AH, Rogiers X, Stangl M, Hohenberger W, Müller V, Molmenti EP, Fouzas I, Erhard J, Malagó M, Paul A, Broelsch CE, Lang H: Liver transplantation for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a german survey. Transplant Proc 2008,40(9):3191–3. 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.08.039PubMedCrossRef Kaiser GM, Sotiropoulos GC, Jauch KW, Löhe F, Hirner A, Kalff JC, Königsrainer A, Steurer W, Senninger N, Brockmann JG, Schlitt HJ, Zülke C, Büchler MW, Schemmer P, Settmacher U, Hauss J, Lippert H, Hopt UT, Otto G, Heiss MM, Bechstein WO, Timm S, Klar E, Hölscher AH, Rogiers X, Stangl M, Hohenberger W, Müller V, Molmenti EP, Fouzas I, Erhard J, Malagó M, Paul A, Broelsch CE, Lang H: Liver transplantation for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a german survey. Transplant Proc 2008,40(9):3191–3. 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.08.039PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Lang H, Sotiropoulos GC, Kaiser GM, Molmenti EP, Malagó M, Broelsch CE: The role of liver transplantation in the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. HPB (Oxford) 2005,7(4):268–72. 10.1080/13651820500372780CrossRef Lang H, Sotiropoulos GC, Kaiser GM, Molmenti EP, Malagó M, Broelsch CE: The role of liver transplantation in the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. HPB (Oxford) 2005,7(4):268–72. 10.1080/13651820500372780CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaiser GM, Oldhafer KJ, Zhang HW, Frühauf NR, Müller AB, Sauerwein W, Stuschke M, Broelsch CE: Treatment of nonresectable proximal bile duct carcinoma using intraoperative radiotherapy combined with hepatojejunostomy. J Surg Oncol 2002,81(1):55–7. 10.1002/jso.10130PubMedCrossRef Kaiser GM, Oldhafer KJ, Zhang HW, Frühauf NR, Müller AB, Sauerwein W, Stuschke M, Broelsch CE: Treatment of nonresectable proximal bile duct carcinoma using intraoperative radiotherapy combined with hepatojejunostomy. J Surg Oncol 2002,81(1):55–7. 10.1002/jso.10130PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaiser GM, Frühauf NR, Lang H, Sauerwein W, Sotiropoulos GC, Zöpf T, Grabellus F, Wittig A, Oldhafer KJ, Malagó M, Broelsch CE: Impact of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) on survival of patients with unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology 2008,55(88):1951–4.PubMed Kaiser GM, Frühauf NR, Lang H, Sauerwein W, Sotiropoulos GC, Zöpf T, Grabellus F, Wittig A, Oldhafer KJ, Malagó M, Broelsch CE: Impact of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) on survival of patients with unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology 2008,55(88):1951–4.PubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Todoroki T, Ohara K, Kawamoto T, Koike N, Yoshida S, Kashiwagi H, Otsuka M, Fukao K: Benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy after radical resection of locally advanced main hepatic duct carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000,46(3):581–7. 10.1016/S0360-3016(99)00472-1PubMedCrossRef Todoroki T, Ohara K, Kawamoto T, Koike N, Yoshida S, Kashiwagi H, Otsuka M, Fukao K: Benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy after radical resection of locally advanced main hepatic duct carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000,46(3):581–7. 10.1016/S0360-3016(99)00472-1PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Nishio H, Nagino M, Oda K, Ebata T, Arai T, Nimura Y: TNM classification for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: comparison between 5th and 6th editions of the AJCC/UICC staging system. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2005,390(4):319–27. Epub 2005 Jul 7 10.1007/s00423-005-0561-8PubMedCrossRef Nishio H, Nagino M, Oda K, Ebata T, Arai T, Nimura Y: TNM classification for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: comparison between 5th and 6th editions of the AJCC/UICC staging system. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2005,390(4):319–27. Epub 2005 Jul 7 10.1007/s00423-005-0561-8PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Tumor markers as a diagnostic key for hilar cholangiocarcinoma
verfasst von
B Juntermanns
S Radunz
M Heuer
S Hertel
H Reis
JP Neuhaus
S Vernadakis
T Trarbach
A Paul
GM Kaiser
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2010
Verlag
BioMed Central
Erschienen in
European Journal of Medical Research / Ausgabe 8/2010
Elektronische ISSN: 2047-783X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/2047-783X-15-8-357

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 8/2010

European Journal of Medical Research 8/2010 Zur Ausgabe