Background
Methods
Patients
CT examination
CT Texture Analysis
Statistical Analysis
Results
Tumor Site | Number of lesions |
---|---|
Lymph node | 15 |
Lung | 14 |
Primary | 10 |
Bone | 10 |
Liver | 8 |
Peritoneum | 6 |
Adrenal | 4 |
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes | 4 |
Nephrectomy bed | 4 |
Other kidney | 3 |
Hilar Lymph Nodes | 3 |
Pleura | 1 |
IVC Thrombus | 1 |
Muscle | 1 |
Spleen | 1 |
Omentum | 1 |
Psoas major muscle | 1 |
Total | 87 |
Variable |
P-value | Hazard ratio | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|
Mean positive pixel intensity prior to treatment | 0.34 | 1.01 | 0.98 – 1.05 |
Mean positive pixel intensity following treatment | 0.77 | 1.00 | 0.99 – 1.02 |
SD prior to treatment | 0.24 | 0.98 | 0.96 – 1.01 |
SD following treatment | 0.46 | 0.99 | 0.98 – 1.01 |
Entropy prior to treatment | 0.27 | 1.74 | 0.65 – 4.68 |
Entropy following treatment
|
0.02
|
2.68
|
1.14 – 6.29
|
nSD prior to treatment
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.00 – 0.29
|
nSD following treatment
|
0.01
|
0.02
|
0.001 – 0.39
|
Kurtosis prior to treatment | 0.26 | 1.24 | 0.85 – 1.82 |
Kurtosis following treatment | 0.78 | 1.03 | 0.81 – 1.32 |
Skewness prior to treatment | 0.15 | 2.02 | 0.77 – 5.30 |
Skewness following treatment | 0.30 | 1.47 | 0.70 – 3.09 |
Percent change in size
|
0.02
|
0.97
|
0.94 – 0.99
|
Mean pixel intensity Change | 0.37 | 0.99 | 0.98 – 1.01 |
SD Change | 0.80 | 1.14 | 0.42 – 3.09 |
Entropy Change
|
0.04
|
87.77
|
1.26 – 6115.69
|
nSD Change | 0.39 | 0.18 | 0.004 – 8.56 |
Kurtosis Change | 0.46 | 0.66 | 0.21 – 2.02 |
Skewness Change | 0.98 | 0.99 | 0.60 – 1.65 |
Variable |
P-value | Hazard ratio | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|
Mean positive pixel intensity prior to treatment | 0.61 | 1.01 | 0.98 – 1.04 |
Mean positive pixel intensity following treatment | 0.72 | 1.00 | 0.99 – 1.02 |
SD prior to treatment | 0.71 | 0.99 | 0.97 – 1.02 |
SD following treatment | 0.33 | 0.99 | 0.97 – 1.01 |
Entropy prior to treatment | 0.25 | 1.84 | 0.64 – 5.32 |
Entropy following treatment | 0.08 | 2.23 | 0.91 – 5.49 |
nSD prior to treatment
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.000 – 0.31
|
nSD following treatment
|
0.003
|
0.01
|
0.001 – 0.22
|
Kurtosis prior to treatment | 0.21 | 1.28 | 0.87 – 1.87 |
Kurtosis following treatment | 0.34 | 1.12 | 0.89 – 1.41 |
Skewness prior to treatment | 0.32 | 1.66 | 0.62 – 4.41 |
Skewness following treatment | 0.65 | 1.20 | 0.55 – 2.61 |
Percent change in size | 0.14 | 0.98 | 0.96 – 1.01 |
Mean pixel intensity change | 0.36 | 0.99 | 0.98 – 1.01 |
SD change | 0.51 | 0.70 | 0.25 – 2.02 |
Entropy change | 0.21 | 15.12 | 0.21 – 1096.9 |
nSD change | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.00 – 1.21 |
Kurtosis change | 0.92 | 1.06 | 0.37 – 3.04 |
Skewness change | 0.81 | 0.94 | 0.56 – 1.58 |
Overall survival
Progression free survival
Imaging variables combined with IMDC
Model | IMDC | IMDC Combined Model | Fit statistic value (−2LL) |
---|---|---|---|
Baseline model with IMDC alone
|
Significant
|
181.3
| |
IMDC + Entropy following treatment
|
Not Significant
|
Significant
|
176.4
|
IMDC + nSD prior to treatment
|
Not significant
|
Significant
|
176.1
|
IMDC + nSD following treatment
|
Not significant
|
Significant
|
175.3
|
IMDC + percent change in lesion size | Not significant | Not significant | 177.8 |
IMDC + Entropy change | Not significant | Not significant | 177.4 |
Model | IMDC | IMDC Combined Model | Fit statistic value (−2LL) |
---|---|---|---|
Baseline model with IMDC alone | Not significant | 174.4 | |
IMDC + nSD pre treatment
|
Not significant
|
Significant
|
169.3
|
IMDC + nSD post treatment
|
Not significant
|
Significant
|
165.9
|
OS | PFS | Entropy following treatment | nSD prior to treatment | nSD following treatment | Percent change in size | Entropy Change | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median | 729 | 358 | 4.76 | 0.58 | 0.56 | 7.65 | −0.036 |
A | 1074 | 1063 | 4.57 | 0.66 | 0.88 | 33 | −0.119 |
B | 159 | 113 | 4.79 | 0.54 | 0.55 | −1 | −0.002 |