Background
Methods
Population
Variables
Main outcome
Main exposure
Parents’ mental health
Social support
Family support
Friends’ support
Classmates’ support
Teacher support
Background covariates
Health measures
Socio-demographics
Statistical analyses
Ethical approval
Results
Main results
Total population % (n) | Unexposed group % (n) | Exposed group % (n) | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender
| |||
Girls
| 50.1 (7004) | 48.3 (5873) | 66.2 (925) |
Boys
| 49.9 (6972) | 51.7 (6275) | 33.8 (472) |
Social support
|
Mean (SD)
|
Mean (SD)
|
Mean (SD)
|
Family support
| 3.59 (0.54) | 3.64 (0.50) | 3.23 (0.74) |
Friends’ support
| 3.60 (0.49) | 3.61 (0.47) | 3.53 (0.56) |
Classmates’ support
| 3.08 (0.69) | 3.11 (0.67) | 2.84 (0.79) |
Teacher support
| 2.91 (0.73) | 2.93 (0.72) | 2.72 (0.80) |
Self-reported health measures
| |||
General health |
% (n)
|
% (n)
|
% (n)
|
Very good
| 34.0 (4688) | 35.6 (4264) | 21.9 (302) |
Good
| 54.3 (7482) | 54.2 (6499) | 54.6 (752) |
Not that good
| 10.9 (1508) | 9.5 (1137) | 22.5 (310) |
Bad
| 0.7 (100) | 0.7 (80) | 0.9 (13) |
Mental health | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) |
HSCL-10-score
| 1.45 (0.49) | 1.40 (0.45) | 1.85 (0.65) |
Socio-demographic charactristics
|
% (n)
|
% (n)
|
% (n)
|
Household income | |||
Very good
| 9.6 (1313) | 9.6 (1157) | 7.0 (97) |
Good
| 54.0 (7422) | 56.1 (6730) | 37.5 (517) |
Mediocre
| 33.1 (4554) | 31.7 (3798) | 45.7 (630) |
Poor
| 3.3 (459) | 2.5 (305) | 9.7 (134) |
Parents’ educational level
| |||
Highest level of education (>4 years)
| 14.0 (1934) | 14.2 (1707) | 13.1 (183) |
High level of education (≤4 years)
| 31.1 (4279) | 31.3 (3746) | 31.1 (435) |
High school
| 41.4 (5697) | 41.5 (4974) | 41.0 (565) |
Junior high school
| 13.5 (1865) | 13.0 (1558) | 14.8 (204) |
Parents’ marital status
| |||
Married or living together
| 66.8 (9256) | 68.9 (8318) | 48.6 (672) |
Divorced/separated
| 24.7 (3424) | 23.1 (2794) | 38.9 (538) |
Single parent
| 3.5 (489) | 3.4 (413) | 4.2 (58) |
One or both dead
| 3.0 (421) | 2.9 (348) | 4.2 (58) |
Other
| 2.0 (275) | 1.7 (206) | 4.1 (57) |
Long-term benefit | |
---|---|
% (n) | |
Parents’ mental health
| |
Mental health problems experienced in the past 12 months | |
No, never
| 15.8 (1917) |
Yes, sometimes
| 22.5 (220) |
Yes, many times
| 27.0 (72) |
Frequently
| 30.1 (46) |
Gender
| |
Girls
| 15.8 (1104) |
Boys
| 18.5 (1292) |
Socio-demographic variables
| |
Household income | |
Very good
| 16.6 (218) |
Good
| 14.3 (1059) |
Mediocre
| 19.7 (896) |
Poor
| 32.5 (149) |
Parents’ educational level | |
Higher college or university degree (>4 years)
| 5.8 (112) |
Lower college or university degree (≤4 years)
| 11.0 (471) |
High school
| 19.3 (1097) |
Primary school
| 34.3 (640) |
Parents’ marital status | |
Married/living together
| 13.8 (1276) |
Divorced/separated
| 22.0 (752) |
Single parent
| 26.6 (130) |
One or both dead
| 22.3 (94) |
Other
| 34.5 (95) |
Outcome variable | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Crude | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
Receipt of long-term benefit | Receipt of long-term benefit | Receipt of long-term benefit | Receipt of long-term benefit | |
HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |
Parents’ mental health
| ||||
No, never
| Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Yes, sometimes
| 1.49 (1.29–1.71)** | 1.34 (1.16–1.54)** | 1.19 (1.03–1.37)* | 1.15 (0.99–1.33) |
Yes, many times
| 1.82 (1.44–2.31)** | 1.57 (1.23–2.00)** | 1.29 (1.01–1.66)* | 1.21 (0.95–1.55) |
Frequently
| 2.13 (1.59–2.85)** | 1.66 (1.23–2.23)** | 1.28 (0.95–1.74) | 1.14 (0.84–1.55) |
Family support
| 0.76 (0.73–0.79)** | 0.83 (0.79–0.86)** | 0.88 (0.84–0.91)** | 0.84 (0.78–0.90)** |
Friends’ support
| 0.83 (0.78–0.88)** | 0.91 (0.85–0.96)* | 0.96 (0.91–1.02) | 1.07 (0.98–1.17) |
Classmate’s support
| 0.68 (0.64–0.72)** | 0.73 (0.69–0.77)** | 0.79 (0.74–0.84)** | 0.80 (0.75–0.85)** |
Teacher support
| 0.77 (0.73–0.81)** | 0.83 (0.79–0.88)** | 0.90 (0.85–0.95)** | 1.01 (0.95–1.08) |