Background
Methods
Sample
Measures
Statistical analyses
Results
Consistent IPV reporting | Inconsistent IPV reporting | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Consistent IPV | Consistent later IPV | Consistent never IPV | Mainly IPV | Mainly no IPV | Mixed IPV | All women | |
Number of times IPV question answered | N = 827 | N = 347 | N = 8436 | N = 258 | N = 587 | N = 511 | N = 10,966 |
3 (n = 936) | 13.0 | 15.6 | 7.9 | 15.9 | 12.3 | 0.0 | 8.5 |
4 (n = 1173) | 14.2 | 17.3 | 9.9 | 11.2 | 14.3 | 9.2 | 10.7 |
5 (n = 1722) | 15.7 | 19.0 | 15.2 | 20.9 | 16.5 | 17.8 | 15.7 |
6 (n = 7135) | 57.1 | 48.1 | 67.0 | 51.9 | 56.9 | 73.0 | 65.1 |
Consistent IPV reporting | Inconsistent IPV reporting | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Consistent IPV | Consistent later IPV | Consistent never IPV | Mainly IPV | Mainly no IPV | Mixed IPV | |
N = 827 | N = 347 | N = 8436 | N = 258 | N = 587 | N = 511 | |
Area of residence – Survey 1 (%) | ||||||
Major city | 64.8 | 69.4 | 67.3 | 62.5 | 63.3 | 66.0 |
Inner regional area | 21.5 | 20.2 | 20.5 | 24.5 | 23.5 | 21.7 |
Outer regional area | 11.1 | 8.0 | 10.1 | 10.8 | 11.4 | 10.1 |
Remote/very remote | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 2.2 |
Qualifications – Survey 1 (%) | ||||||
Less than Year 12 | 52.7 | 50.4 | 42.9 | 54.2 | 43.7 | 49.1 |
Year 12 or equivalent | 15.7 | 18.6 | 17.3 | 15.9 | 18.1 | 15.5 |
Trade/Certificate/Diploma | 19.0 | 17.4 | 20.9 | 18.0 | 20.1 | 17.8 |
University degree | 12.6 | 13.6 | 18.9 | 11.9 | 18.1 | 17.6 |
Relationship status – Survey 1 (%) | ||||||
Married/Defacto | 57.6 | 77.5 | 86.3 | 57.2 | 77.3 | 67.6 |
Divorced/Separated | 36.9 | 17.4 | 8.1 | 33.5 | 17.1 | 29.1 |
Widowed/Single | 5.5 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 9.3 | 5.6 | 3.2 |
Relationship status over surveys (%) | ||||||
Never divorced/separated | 42.9 | 49.0 | 83.7 | 47.4 | 69.5 | 49.2 |
Remained divorced/separated | 21.0 | 12.2 | 5.1 | 21.4 | 9.8 | 16.5 |
Became partnered | 15.8 | 5.2 | 3.0 | 12.1 | 7.5 | 13.0 |
Became divorced/separated | 20.2 | 33.6 | 8.2 | 19.1 | 13.2 | 21.3 |
Stressed about partner/spouse (%) | ||||||
At Survey 1 | 17.0 | 17.6 | 5.5 | 21.5 | 11.9 | 20.4 |
For at least half of surveys | 4.4 | 7.7 | 1.5 | 7.3 | 2.9 | 5.8 |
Stressed about income (%) | ||||||
At Survey 1 | 27.5 | 23.7 | 10.2 | 27.6 | 19.0 | 20.8 |
For at least half of surveys | 23.2 | 23.6 | 6.4 | 25.0 | 13.0 | 17.5 |
Characteristics | Consistent later IPV (OR, 95% CI) | Consistent never IPV (OR, 95% CI) | Mainly IPV (OR, 95% CI) | Mainly no IPV (OR, 95% CI) | Mixed IPV (OR, 95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Area of residence | |||||
Major city | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Inner regional area | 0.85 (0.64, 1.15) | 0.82 (0.68, 0.97) | 1.17 (0.84, 1.63) | 0.93 (0.72, 1.20) | 0.92 (0.71, 1.19) |
Outer regional area | 0.66 (0.46, 0.96) | 0.82 (0.67, 1.02) | 0.98 (0.65, 1.47) | 1.01 (0.75, 1.36) | 0.84 (0.61, 1.16) |
Remote/very remote | 0.76 (0.43, 1.33) | 0.61 (0.44, 0.85) | 0.87 (0.45, 1.68) | 0.59 (0.35, 0.99) | 0.85 (0.51, 1.41) |
Highest qualification | |||||
Less than Year 12 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Year 12 or equivalent | 1.36 (0.96, 1.94) | 1.39 (1.11, 1.73) | 0.99 (0.65, 1.50) | 1.21 (0.88, 1.65) | 1.17 (0.85, 1.61) |
Trade/Certificate/Diploma | 0.91 (0.64, 1.29) | 1.10 (0.90, 1.34) | 0.94 (0.65, 1.37) | 1.00 (0.75, 1.34) | 0.80 (0.59, 1.08) |
University | 1.08 (0.71, 1.65) | 1.68 (1.32, 2.15) | 0.90 (0.56, 1.46) | 1.44 (1.03, 2.02) | 1.11 (0.78, 1.58) |
Relationship status over time | |||||
Remained not separated/divorced | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Remained separated/divorced | 0.58 (0.39, 0.87) | 0.14 (0.11, 0.18) | 0.86 (0.57, 1.29) | 0.29 (0.20, 0.42) | 0.88 (0.63, 1.21) |
Became not separated/divorced | 0.38 (0.23, 0.64) | 0.10 (0.08, 0.13) | 0.81 (0.51, 1.28) | 0.29 (0.19, 0.43) | 0.75 (0.52, 1.08) |
Became separated/divorced | 1.28 (0.95, 1.73) | 0.20 (0.16, 0.24) | 0.87 (0.60, 1.26) | 0.41 (0.30, 0.55) | 0.90 (0.67, 1.20) |
Stressed about partner for at least half of surveys | |||||
No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Yes | 1.65 (0.98, 2.79) | 0.47 (0.31, 0.70) | 1.32 (0.70, 2.49) | 0.86 (0.48, 1.53) | 1.34 (0.78, 2.32) |
Stressed about income for at least half of surveys | |||||
No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Yes | 0.88 (0.64, 1.21) | 0.37 (0.30, 0.45) | 0.94 (0.67, 1.34) | 0.63 (0.47, 0.85) | 0.84 (0.62, 1.12) |
Number of surveys | |||||
6 surveys | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
5 surveys | 1.48 (1.04, 2.10) | 1.00 (0.81, 1.25) | 1.47 (1.01, 2.14) | 1.22 (0.90, 1.65) | 0.89 (0.66, 1.21) |
3 or 4 surveys | 1.41 (1.05, 1.90) | 0.69 (0.57, 0.83) | 1.11 (0.79, 1.55) | 1.14 (0.88, 1.47) | 0.26 (0.18, 0.36) |
Characteristics | Consistent later IPV (OR, 95% CI) | Consistent never IPV (OR, 95% CI) | Mainly IPV (OR, 95% CI) | Mainly no IPV (OR, 95% CI) | Mixed IPV (OR, 95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Area of residence [ref: Major city] | |||||
Inner regional area | 0.87 (0.57, 1.31) | 0.86 (0.68, 1.08) | 1.37 (0.87, 2.17) | 0.86 (0.62, 1.20) | 0.98 (0.71, 1.34) |
Outer regional area | 0.77 (0.45, 1.29) | 0.92 (0.69, 1.22) | 1.27 (0.72, 2.22) | 1.12 (0.76, 1.67) | 0.92 (0.62, 1.36) |
Remote/very remote | 1.12 (0.53, 2.38) | 0.64 (0.41, 1.01) | 0.98 (0.37, 2.55) | 0.64 (0.32, 1.29) | 0.92 (0.49, 1.73) |
Highest qualification [ref: Less than year 12] | |||||
Year 12 or equivalent | 1.24 (0.74, 2.07) | 1.29 (0.97, 1.73) | 1.19 (0.68, 2.08) | 1.04 (0.68, 1.59) | 1.24 (0.84, 1.83) |
Trade/Certificate/Diploma | 1.00 (0.63, 1.59) | 1.07 (0.84, 1.38) | 1.17 (0.72, 1.90) | 1.03 (0.72, 1.49) | 0.86 (0.60, 1.24) |
University | 1.28 (0.76, 2.18) | 1.71 (1.26, 2.31) | 0.96 (0.51, 1.82) | 1.54 (1.01, 2.34) | 1.12 (0.74, 1.70) |
Relationship over time [ref: Remained not separated/divorced] | |||||
Remained separated/divorced | 0.57 (0.32, 1.03) | 0.13 (0.10, 0.17) | 0.63 (0.35, 1.15) | 0.25 (0.15, 0.42) | 0.72 (0.48, 1.08) |
Became not separated/divorced | 0.42 (0.20, 0.87) | 0.11 (0.08, 0.15) | 0.94 (0.51, 1.74) | 0.31 (0.18, 0.53) | 0.87 (0.56, 1.34) |
Became separated/divorced | 1.25 (0.82, 1.90) | 0.18 (0.14, 0.23) | 0.80 (0.48, 1.32) | 0.36 (0.24, 0.54) | 0.88 (0.62, 1.25) |
Stressed about partner for at least half of surveys [ref: No] | |||||
Yes | 3.12 (1.27, 7.68) | 0.70 (0.34, 1.44) | 2.43 (0.89, 6.68) | 1.24 (0.46, 3.37) | 1.57 (0.66, 3.72) |
Stressed about income for at least half of surveys [ref: No] | |||||
Yes | 0.57 (0.33, 0.98) | 0.31 (0.23, 0.41) | 1.36 (0.85, 2.19) | 0.59 (0.38, 0.91) | 0.87 (0.60, 1.25) |