Introduction
Methods
Study Design and Participants
Procedures
Statistical Analysis
Results
Characteristic | California | Mexico | p-valuea | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 60 | n = 314 | ||||
n
| (%) |
n
| (%) | ||
Sex | 0.73 | ||||
Male | 27 | (45.0) | 149 | (47.5) | |
Female | 33 | (55.0) | 165 | (52.6) | |
Child weight status | <0.01 | ||||
Normal | 26 | (43.3) | 267 | (85.0) | |
At risk for overweight | 9 | (15.0) | 26 | (8.3) | |
Overweight | 25 | (41.7) | 21 | (6.7) | |
Mother weight status | 0.39 | ||||
Normal | 10 | (16.7) | 78 | (24.8) | |
Overweight | 27 | (45.0) | 130 | (41.4) | |
Obese | 23 | (38.3) | 106 | (33.8) | |
Mother education level | <0.01†
| ||||
Elementary or less | 26 | (43.3) | 216 | (68.8) | |
Middle or high school | 24 | (40.0) | 92 | (29.3) | |
High school graduate or more | 10 | (16.7) | 6 | (1.9) | |
Marital Status | 0.18 | ||||
Married/living as married | 53 | (88.3) | 293 | (93.3) | |
Not married | 7 | (11.7) | 21 | (6.7) | |
SES | 0.46 | ||||
Low | 25 | (41.7) | 105 | (33.7) | |
Medium | 16 | (26.7) | 102 | (32.7) | |
High | 19 | (31.7) | 105 | (33.7) | |
Mother’s years in the US | |||||
5–10 years | 25 | (41.7) | |||
11–15 years | 20 | (33.3) | |||
16 years or more | 15 | (25.0) | |||
Family member currently in the US | |||||
No | 139 | (44.3) | |||
Yes | 175 | (55.7) |
Mothers’ Perception of Current Child Weight
California n = 60 | Mexico n = 314 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Perceived weight z-scorea
| p-valueb | Perception scorec
| p-valueb | Perceived weight z-scorea
| p-valueb | Perception scorec
| p-valueb | |||||
Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | |||||
Total | −0.2 | (1.3) | −1.5d
| (0.8) | −0.4 | (1.1) | −0.4d
| (1.1) | ||||
Sex | 0.82 | 0.62 | 0.02 | 0.13 | ||||||||
Male | −0.3 | (1.2) | −1.6 | (0.8) | −0.2 | (1.0) | −0.3 | (1.0) | ||||
Female | −0.2 | (1.3) | −1.5 | (0.7) | −0.5 | (1.0) | −0.5 | (1.2) | ||||
Child weight status (CDC criteria) | <0.01 | 0.43 | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||||||
Normal | −1.2 | (0.8) | −1.4 | (0.7) | −0.5 | (1.0) | −0.3 | (1.1) | ||||
At risk for overweight | −0.6 | (1.0) | −1.8 | (1.0) | 0.2 | (0.9) | −1.1 | (0.8) | ||||
Overweight | 0.9 | (0.9) | −1.5 | (0.8) | 1.0 | (1.1) | −1.3 | (1.0) | ||||
Mother weight status | 0.59 | 0.63 | 0.32 | 0.01 | ||||||||
Normal | −0.4 | (1.0) | −1.4 | (0.5) | −0.4 | (0.9) | −0.1 | (1.1) | ||||
Overweight | −0.3 | (1.3) | −1.4 | (0.8) | −0.5 | (1.1) | −0.5 | (1.2) | ||||
Obese | 0.0 | (1.4) | −1.6 | (0.9) | −0.2 | (1.1) | −0.5 | (1.0) | ||||
Mother education level | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.75 | 0.83 | ||||||||
Elementary or less | −0.3 | (1.3) | −1.7 | (0.8) | −0.4 | (1.1) | −0.4 | (1.2) | ||||
Middle or high school | −0.4 | (1.2) | −1.3 | (0.8) | −0.3 | (0.9) | −0.4 | (0.9) | ||||
High school graduate or more | 0.4 | (1.3) | −1.3 | (0.5) | −0.3 | (0.5) | −0.2 | (0.5) | ||||
SES | 0.42 | 0.78 | 0.18 | 0.57 | ||||||||
Low | −0.2 | (1.4) | −1.6 | (0.9) | −0.5 | (1.1) | −0.3 | (1.1) | ||||
Medium | −0.6 | (1.0) | −1.4 | (0.7) | −0.2 | (1.1) | −0.4 | (1.1) | ||||
High | 0.0 | (1.3) | −1.5 | (0.7) | −0.4 | (0.9) | −0.5 | (1.1) | ||||
Mother’s years in the US | 0.73 | 0.80 | ||||||||||
5–10 years | −0.4 | (1.3) | −1.4 | (0.7) | ||||||||
11–15 years | −0.1 | (1.2) | −1.5 | (0.6) | ||||||||
16 years or more | −0.2 | (1.4) | −1.6 | (1.1) | ||||||||
Family member currently in the US | 0.87 | 0.44 | ||||||||||
No | −0.4 | (1.1) | −0.5 | (1.2) | ||||||||
Yes | −0.4 | (1.0) | −0.4 | (1.0) |
Mothers’ Perception of Ideal Child Weight
California n = 60 | Mexico n = 314 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ideal weight z-scorea
| p-valueb | Satisfaction scorec
| p-valueb | Ideal weight z-scorea
| p-valueb | Satisfaction scorec
| p-valueb | |||||
Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | Mean | (SD) | |||||
Total | −0.3d
| (0.8) | −0.1 | (1.3) | 0.1d
| (0.7) | 0.5 | (1.1) | ||||
Sex | 0.69 | 0.64 | 0.05 | 0.29 | ||||||||
Male | −0.2 | (0.7) | 0.0 | (1.2) | 0.2 | (0.6) | 0.4 | (1.0) | ||||
Female | −0.3 | (0.8) | −0.1 | (1.4) | 0.0 | (0.7) | 0.5 | (1.2) | ||||
Child weight status (CDC criteria) | 0.10 | <0.01 | 0.17 | <0.01 | ||||||||
Normal | −0.5 | (0.6) | 0.7 | (1.0) | 0.1 | (0.7) | 0.7 | (1.0) | ||||
At risk for overweight | −0.2 | (1.0) | 0.3 | (1.2) | −0.1 | (0.6) | −0.3 | (0.8) | ||||
Overweight | 0.0 | (0.8) | −0.9 | (1.1) | 0.0 | (0.7) | −1.1 | (1.0) | ||||
Mother weight status | 0.83 | 0.60 | 0.01 | 0.05 | ||||||||
Normal | −0.4 | (0.8) | 0.0 | (0.7) | 0.3 | (0.7) | 0.7 | (1.0) | ||||
Overweight | −0.2 | (0.8) | 0.1 | (1.5) | 0.0 | (0.7) | 0.5 | (1.1) | ||||
Obese | −0.3 | (0.7) | −0.3 | (1.3) | 0.1 | (0.6) | 0.3 | (1.1) | ||||
Mother education level | 0.24 | 0.62 | 0.71 | 0.80 | ||||||||
Elementary or less | −0.2 | (0.9) | 0.1 | (1.6) | 0.1 | (0.7) | 0.5 | (1.2) | ||||
Middle or high school | −0.5 | (0.7) | 0.0 | (1.0) | 0.1 | (0.6) | 0.4 | (0.9) | ||||
High school graduate or more | 0.0 | (0.5) | −0.4 | (1.3) | 0.3 | (0.8) | 0.7 | (0.8) | ||||
SES | 0.26 | 0.08 | 0.99 | 0.21 | ||||||||
Low | −0.4 | (0.9) | −0.2 | (1.4) | 0.1 | (0.8) | 0.6 | (1.2) | ||||
Medium | 0.0 | (0.6) | 0.6 | (1.0) | 0.1 | (0.7) | 0.3 | (1.2) | ||||
High | −0.3 | (0.7) | −0.3 | (1.3) | 0.1 | (0.6) | 0.5 | (1.0) | ||||
Mother’s years in the US | 0.27 | 0.25 | ||||||||||
5–10 years | −0.1 | (0.7) | 0.3 | (1.1) | ||||||||
11–15 years | −0.4 | (0.9) | −0.3 | (1.4) | ||||||||
16 years or more | −0.5 | (0.6) | −0.3 | (1.4) | ||||||||
Family member currently in the US | 0.15 | 0.44 | ||||||||||
No | 0.1 | (0.8) | 0.4 | (1.1) | ||||||||
Yes | 0.2 | (0.6) | 0.5 | (1.1) |