nach oben

Erschienen in:

01.04.2014 | Original Article

Motivation, exercise, and stress in breast cancer survivors

verfasst von: Brandi T. Cuevas, Daniel C. Hughes, Dorothy Long Parma, Rose A. Treviño-Whitaker, Sagar Ghosh, Rong Li, Amelie G. Ramirez

Erschienen in: Supportive Care in Cancer | Ausgabe 4/2014

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose

Reduced stress and reduced risk of cancer recurrence are among the many benefits of physical activity (PA) for cancer survivors. Exercise behaviors are linked to motivational factors. We investigated the associations between motivational profile, self-reported levels of PA and stress, and mental functioning in 94 posttreatment breast cancer survivors who voluntarily enrolled in an exercise program.

Methods

Participants completed the Apter Motivational Style Profile (AMSP), Lifetime of Physical Activity (LTPA) Questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Medical Outcomes Short Form SF-36® (SF-36), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and provided 10 saliva specimens (to measure cortisol levels). PA levels were calculated in metabolic equivalent hours per week (MET-hours/week).

Results

Participants reported high levels of current and historical PA (M = 39.2 MET-h/week, SD = 39.7; M = 14.2 MET-h/week, SD = 15.4, respectively). They also reported high levels of stress (M = 33.6, SD = 4.5) coupled with low mental functionality as measured by SF-36 mental component scale (MCS) (M = 44.4, SD = 8.8). PSS was negatively associated with MCS (r = −0.27, p = 0.009). Salivary cortisol was not associated with any measure. Participants had a conformist (“follow rules”) and alloic (“about others”) motivational profile. No motivational, exercise history, or stress variables were associated with current PA.

Conclusions

As expected, participants reported higher levels of stress and lower mental functioning. Participants presented a unique motivational profile relative to the general population. Further research into the associations of motivation, exercise behaviors, and stress is warranted.

United States Department of Health and Human Services (2008) Physical activity guidelines for Americans. www.health.gov/PAGuidelines. Accessed 29 December 2012

Haskell WL, Lee IM, Pate RR et al (2007) Physical activity and public health: updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Med Sci Sports Exerc 39(8):1423–1434PubMedCrossRef

Schmitz KH, Courneya KS, Matthews C et al (2010) American College of Sports Medicine roundtable on exercise guidelines for cancer survivors. Med Sci Sports Exerc 42(7):1409–1426PubMedCrossRef

Doyle C, Kushi LH, Byers T et al (2006) Nutrition and physical activity during and after cancer treatment: an American Cancer Society guide for informed choices. CA Cancer J Clin 56(6):323–353PubMedCrossRef

Courneya KS (2003) Exercise in cancer survivors: an overview of research. Med Sci Sports Exerc 35(11):1846–1852PubMedCrossRef

Courneya KS, Friedenreich CM (1997) Relationship between exercise pattern across the cancer experience and current quality of life in colorectal cancer survivors. J Altern Complement Med 3(3):215–226PubMedCrossRef

Mason C, Alfano CM, Smith AW et al (2013) Long-term physical activity trends in breast cancer survivors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 22(6):1153–1161. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0141 PubMedCrossRef

Irwin ML, McTiernan A, Manson JE et al (2011) Physical activity and survival in postmenopausal women with breast cancer: results from the women's health initiative. Cancer Prev Res 4(4):522–529CrossRef

Patterson RE, Cadmus LA, Emond JA et al (2010) Physical activity, diet, adiposity and female breast cancer prognosis: a review of the epidemiologic literature. Maturitas 66(1):5–15PubMedCrossRef

10.

Basen-Engquist K, Scruggs S, Jhingran A et al (2009) Physical activity and obesity in endometrial cancer survivors: associations with pain, fatigue, and physical functioning. Am J Obstet Gynecol 200(3):288.e1–288.e8

11.

George SM, Alfano C, Wilder Smith A et al (2012) Sedentary behavior, health-related quality of life and fatigue among breast cancer survivors. J Phys Act Health 10(3):350–358PubMed

12.

Courneya KS, Mackey JR, Jones LW (2000) Coping with cancer: can exercise help? Phys Sports Med 28(5):49–73CrossRef

13.

Morgan WP, O'Connor PJ (1988) Exercise and mental health. In: Dishman RK (ed) Exercise adherence. Human Kinetics, Champaign, pp 91–119

14.

Hughes DC, Leung P, Naus MJ (2008) Using single-system analyses to assess the effectiveness of an exercise intervention on quality of life for Hispanic breast cancer survivors: a pilot study. Soc Work Health Care 47(1):73–91PubMedCrossRef

15.

Ekkekakis P, Hall EE, Petruzzello SJ (2008) The relationship between exercise intensity and affective responses demystified: to crack the 40-year-old nut, replace the 40-year-old nutcracker! Ann Behav Med 35(2):136–149PubMedCrossRef

16.

Milani RV, Lavie CJ (2009) Reducing psychosocial stress: a novel mechanism of improving survival from exercise training. Am J Med 122(10):931–938PubMedCrossRef

17.

Charmandari E, Tsigos C, Chrousos G (2005) Endocrinology of the stress response. Annu Rev Physiol 67:259–284PubMedCrossRef

18.

Glaser R, Kiecolt-Glaser JK (2005) Stress-induced immune dysfunction: implications for health. Nat Rev Immunol 5:243–251PubMedCrossRef

19.

Sephton S, Spiegel D (2003) Circadian disruption in cancer: a neuroendocrine–immune pathway from stress to disease? Brain Behav Immun 17(5):321–328PubMedCrossRef

20.

Antoni MH, Lutgendorf SK, Cole SW et al (2006) The influence of bio-behavioural factors on tumour biology: pathways and mechanisms. Nat Rev Cancer 6(3):240–248PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

21.

Sood AK, Bhatty R, Kammat AA et al (2006) Stress hormone-mediated invasion of ovarian cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res 12(2):369–375PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

22.

Cleeland CS, Mendoza TR, Wang XS et al (2000) Assessing symptom distress in cancer patients: the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory. Cancer 89(7):1634–1646PubMedCrossRef

23.

Ashing-Giwa KT, Padilla G, Tejero J et al (2004) Understanding the breast cancer experience of women: a qualitative study of African American, Asian, American, Latina and Caucasian cancer survivors. Psycho-Oncology 13(2004):408–428PubMedCentralPubMedCrossRef

24.

Benyamini Y, McClain CS, Leventhal EA et al (2003) Living with the worry of cancer: health perceptions and behaviors of elderly people with self, vicarious, or no history of cancer. Psycho-Oncology 12(2):161–172PubMedCrossRef

25.

Stabiner K (1997) To dance with the devil the new war on breast cancer. Delacorte, New York

26.

Andersen BL, Kiecolt-Glaser JK, Glaser R (1994) Biobehavioral model of cancer: stress and disease course. Am Psychol 49(5):385–404CrossRef

27.

Apter M (2001) An introduction to reversal theory. In: Apter J (ed) Motivational styles in everyday life: a guide to reversal theory. American Psychological Association, Washington, pp 3–37CrossRef

28.

Friedenreich CM, Courneya KS, Bryant HE (1998) The lifetime total physical activity questionnaire: development and reliability. Med Sci Sports Exerc 30(2):266–274PubMedCrossRef

29.

Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjostrom M et al (2003) International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 35(8):1381–1395PubMedCrossRef

30.

Ware JE, Snow KK, Kosinski M et al (2000) SF-36® Health survey manual and interpretation guide. Quality Metric Incorporated, Lincoln

31.

Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R (1983) A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav 24(4):385–396PubMedCrossRef

32.

Apter International (2004) Research manual for the Apter Motivational Style Profile (AMSP). Apter International, Manassas

33.

Ainsworth BE, Haskell WL, Herrmann SD et al (2011) 2011 compendium of physical activities: a second update of codes and MET values. Med Sci Sports Exerc 43(8):1575–1581PubMedCrossRef

34.

Dressendorfer RA, Kirschbaum C, Rohde W et al (1992) Synthesis of a cortisol–biotin conjugate and evaluation as a tracer in an immunoassay for salivary cortisol measurement. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 43(7):683–692PubMedCrossRef

35.

Sephton SE, Sapolsky RM, Kraemer HC et al (2000) Diurnal cortisol rhythm as a predictor of breast cancer survival. J Natl Cancer Inst 92(12):994–1000PubMedCrossRef

36.

Apter M, Mallows R, Williams S (1998) The development of the Motivational Style Profile. Personal Individ Differ 24:7–18CrossRef

37.

Cohen S, Williamson GM (1988) Perceived stress in a probability sample of the United States. In: Spacapan S, Oskamp S (eds) The social psychology of health. Sage, Newbury Park

38.

Center for Disease Control and Prevention, (2005) Trends in leisure-time physical inactivity by age, sex, and race/ethnicity—United States, 1994–2004. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 54(39):991–994

39.

Hughes DC, Tirado-Gomez M, Vallejo L et al (2011) Comparing determinants of physical activity in Puerto Rican, Mexican-American, and non-Hispanic white breast cancer survivors. Fourth American Association for Cancer Research Conference on The Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved: Washington, D.C

40.

Hughes DC, Baum GP, Perkins HY et al (2009) Metamotivational states and exercise behaviors in previously sedentary endometrial cancer survivors. 14th International Reversal Theory Conference: New Orleans, LA

Titel: Motivation, exercise, and stress in breast cancer survivors
verfasst von: Brandi T. Cuevas
Daniel C. Hughes
Dorothy Long Parma
Rose A. Treviño-Whitaker
Sagar Ghosh
Rong Li
Amelie G. Ramirez
Publikationsdatum: 01.04.2014
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Supportive Care in Cancer / Ausgabe 4/2014
Print ISSN: 0941-4355
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-7339
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-013-2038-6

Springer Medizin

Motivation, exercise, and stress in breast cancer survivors