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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

36. Ophthalmika

verfasst von : Prof. Dr. med. Martin J. Lohse, Prof. Dr. med. Dr. h.c. Franz Grehn

Erschienen in: Arzneiverordnungs-Report 2021

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Auf einen Blick

Trend Im Jahre 2020 hat es bei den Verordnungen von Ophthalmika einige deutliche Veränderungen ergeben, die z. T. langfristigen Trends entsprechen, vor allem bei der Glaukomtherapie, und z. T. deutliche Abnahmen der Verordnungen von Antiinfektiva und in geringerem Ausmaß von Glucocorticoiden und Antiallergika, die vermutlich durch eine Reduktion von Arztbesuchen als Konsequenz der Covid19-Pandemie zu deuten sind. Seit vielen Jahren dominieren unter den Ophthalmika die Glaukommittel, bei denen sich in den letzten Jahren einige Therapieprinzipien durchgesetzt haben, nämlich vor allem Prostaglandinderivate sowie selektive Alpha2-Rezeptoragonisten und lokal wirkende Carboanhydrasehemmer. Neuerdings sind mit dem Rho-Kinase-Inhibitor Netarsudil (Rhokiinsa) und Latanoprostene Bunod (Vyzulta – Zulassung in USA und Brasilien) erstmals wieder zwei neue Wirkprinzipien hinzugekommen. Daneben spielen die ophthalmologischen Antiinfektiva mit einer Vielzahl von Substanzen eine größere Rolle. Bei den meisten übrigen Gruppen von Ophthalmika sind die Verordnungen auf Kassenrezept durch das GKV-Modernisierungsgesetz 2004 drastisch gesunken. Als Neuentwicklungen für die antineovaskuläre Therapie haben sich neben den viel diskutierten antineovaskulären Antikörpern Bevacizumab (Avastin – off label) und Ranibizumab (Lucentis) mit Aflibercept (Eylea) und Brolicizumab (Beovu) zwei weiterere VEGF-Antagonisten sowie ein Dexamethason-Implantat (Ozurdex) unter den verordnungshäufigsten Arzneimitteln etabliert. Die Behandlung des trockenen Auges (Keratokonjunktivitis sicca) durch Tränenersatzmittel spielen in der Augenheilkunde wegen der hohen Prävalenz dieser Störung im Alter eine große Rolle, obwohl die meisten hierfür in Frage kommenden Mittel nicht verschreibungspflichtig sind und auch nicht mehr auf Kassenrezept verordnet werden.
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Zurück zum Zitat Yildirim N, Sahin A, Gultekin S (2008) The effect of latanoprost, bimatoprost, and travoprost on circadian variation of intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma. J Glaucoma 17:36–39PubMed Yildirim N, Sahin A, Gultekin S (2008) The effect of latanoprost, bimatoprost, and travoprost on circadian variation of intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma. J Glaucoma 17:36–39PubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Ophthalmika
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. Martin J. Lohse
Prof. Dr. med. Dr. h.c. Franz Grehn
Copyright-Jahr
2021
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-63825-5_36

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