Background
Theoretical framework
Methods
Study design and setting
Participants
Measures
Variable definitions
Data analysis
Characteristics | Mean | SD | N | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 58.63 | 2.63 | ||
Education level | ||||
Primary level | 26 | 26.0 | ||
Secondary level | 68 | 68.0 | ||
Tertiary level | 6 | 6.0 | ||
Occupation | ||||
Pensioner | 4 | 4.0 | ||
Housewife | 78 | 78.0 | ||
Employee | 18 | 18.0 | ||
Status | ||||
Single | 4 | 4.0 | ||
Married | 85 | 85.0 | ||
Separated/Divorced | 5 | 5.0 | ||
Widowed | 6 | 6.0 | ||
Family income | ||||
Less than €10,737 | 28 | 28.0 | ||
€10,737 – €16,113 | 32 | 32.0 | ||
€16,114 – €23,563 | 8 | 8.0 | ||
€23,564 – €33,966 | 2 | 2.0 | ||
Greater than €33,966 | 2 | 2.0 | ||
Prefer not to say | 30 | 30.0 | ||
Own a car | ||||
Yes | 78 | 78.0 | ||
No | 22 | 22.0 | ||
Drive | ||||
Yes | 46 | 46.0 | ||
No | 54 | 54.0 | ||
Any illness, disability or condition | ||||
Yes | 58 | 58.0 | ||
No | 42 | 42.0 | ||
Family physician (GP) | ||||
Yes | 92 | 92.0 | ||
No | 8 | 8.0 | ||
Frequency of GP visit | ||||
Only when I have a problem | 80 | 80.0 | ||
Once a month | 5 | 5.0 | ||
More than once a year | 7 | 7.0 | ||
Missing | 8 | 8.0 | ||
Lumpy breasts | ||||
Yes | 9 | 9.0 | ||
No | 91 | 91.0 | ||
Relatives or close friends had cancer | ||||
Yes | 89 | 89.0 | ||
No | 9 | 9.0 | ||
Prefer not to say | 2 | 2.0 |
Results
Sample characteristics
Associations between psychosocial factors, and attendance and non-attendance to a second BS invitation
Sociodemographic factors and health status
Knowledge
Health beliefs
Attendance to the second breast screening invitation | Yes | No | Total | Chi-Square testa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Health Beliefs | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | χ2 | p-value |
There is no possibility of getting breast cancer (r) | 1.8 | 0.6 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.041* |
Your chances of getting breast cancer are high | 3.6 | 0.7 | 3.5 | 0.7 | 3.6 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.789 |
There may be the possibility of developing breast cancer in your lifetime | 4.0 | 0.3 | 3.9 | 0.4 | 4.0 | 0.3 | 3.8 | 0.147 |
When you get a mammogram, you feel good about yourself | 4.0 | 0.3 | 3.9 | 0.5 | 4.0 | 0.4 | 6.5 | 0.088 |
When you get a mammogram, you do not worry as much about breast cancer | 3.8 | 0.7 | 3.7 | 0.7 | 3.8 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.759 |
Having a mammogram will help you find lumps early in your breasts | 4.2 | 0.5 | 4.1 | 0.5 | 4.2 | 0.5 | 3.3 | 0.355 |
If you find a lump through a mammogram, the treatment for breast cancer may not be as bad | 4.0 | 0.4 | 4.0 | 0.2 | 4.0 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.750 |
Having a mammogram will decrease your chances of dying from breast cancer | 4.0 | 0.4 | 3.9 | 0.4 | 4.0 | 0.4 | 4.3 | 0.227 |
Having a mammogram will help you find a lump before it can be felt by yourself or a health professional | 4.0 | 0.4 | 3.9 | 0.4 | 4.0 | 0.4 | 3.3 | 0.344 |
Having a routine mammogram would make you anxious about breast cancer | 2.7 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 1.1 | 2.8 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 0.449 |
Having a routine mammogram would make you worry | 2.7 | 1.0 | 2.9 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 0.685 |
You fear having a mammogram because you might find out that something is wrong | 2.8 | 1.1 | 3.2 | 1.2 | 2.9 | 1.1 | 6.2 | 0.103 |
You fear having a mammogram because you do not know the procedure or what to expect | 2.1 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 0.8 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 4.8 | 0.092 |
You fear having a mammogram because you know someone (family or friend) with breast cancer | 2.6 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 1.2 | 2.6 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.907 |
It is embarrassing for you to have a mammogram | 2.3 | 0.8 | 2.4 | 0.9 | 2.4 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.779 |
Undergoing mammography will be painful or uncomfortable | 3.2 | 1.0 | 3.3 | 1.1 | 3.2 | 1.0 | 11.9 | 0.008* |
Having a mammogram is time consuming | 1.3 | 0.5 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 3.8 | 0.153 |
You are discontent with Breast Screening personnel as they have been rude to you | 1.1 | 0.4 | n/a | n/a | 1.1 | 0.4 | n/a | n/a |
You have fear or distrust in the medical team | 1.7 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 0.8 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 4.7 | 0.094 |
Having a mammogram would expose you to unnecessary radiation | 2.2 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 0.7 | 1.6 | 0.652 |
You have too many other problems in your life than to get a mammogram done | 1.7 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.699 |
You are not old enough to have a mammogram periodically | 1.8 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.344 |
If your GP advises you to attend for a mammogram, you will attend | 4.4 | 0.5 | 4.1 | 0.6 | 4.3 | 0.6 | 9.1 | 0.028* |
If your relatives or friends advise you to attend for a mammogram, you will attend | 3.6 | 0.9 | 3.3 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 0.9 | 1.9 | 0.586 |
If someone close to you has been diagnosed with breast cancer, you will attend for a mammogram | 4.3 | 0.9 | 4.2 | 0.9 | 4.3 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.826 |
Hearing about breast cancer and breast screening in the media or news makes you think about getting a mammogram | 3.6 | 0.8 | 3.4 | 1.0 | 3.6 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 0.418 |
Reminder letters would help you to get a mammogram | 4.0 | 0.3 | 3.7 | 0.8 | 3.9 | 0.5 | 8.1 | 0.017* |
Reminder phone calls or text messages would help you to get a mammogram | 4.0 | 0.3 | 3.7 | 0.8 | 3.9 | 0.5 | 8.1 | 0.017* |
Routine educational talks regarding breast cancer awareness would help you to get a mammogram | 3.6 | 0.8 | 3.4 | 1.0 | 3.6 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 0.418 |
You feel confident that if you had a mammogram done, any abnormalities in your breasts will be detected | 3.7 | 0.6 | 3.5 | 0.7 | 3.7 | 0.6 | 3.1 | 0.378 |
You can arrange other things in your life to get a mammogram | 4.2 | 0.6 | 4.0 | 0.9 | 4.1 | 0.7 | 6.2 | 0.103 |
In case you need a mammogram, you will find a place to get it done | 4.2 | 0.5 | 4.1 | 0.5 | 4.2 | 0.5 | 3.3 | 0.355 |
You can make an appointment for a mammogram | 4.2 | 0.5 | 4.2 | 0.5 | 4.2 | 0.5 | 3.3 | 0.355 |
You can arrange transportation to get a mammogram | 4.2 | 0.5 | 4.2 | 0.5 | 4.2 | 0.5 | 3.3 | 0.355 |
You can talk to people at the breast screening centre about your concerns | 4.1 | 1.0 | n/a | n/a | 4.1 | 1.0 | n/a | n/a |
You can find a way to pay for a mammogram if you need to | 4.3 | 0.4 | 4.2 | 0.5 | 4.2 | 0.5 | 2.9 | 0.234 |
Illness perceptions
Attendance to the second breast screening invitation | Yes | No | Total | Chi-Square testa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Illness Perception | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | χ2 | p-value |
The presence of a lump or thickening in the breast | 3.9 | 0.3 | 3.9 | 0.4 | 3.9 | 0.4 | 4.8 | 0.186 |
Nipple discharge | 3.9 | 0.4 | 3.8 | 0.4 | 3.9 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.666 |
Sudden nipple retraction | 3.8 | 0.4 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 3.8 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 0.509 |
Change in shape or appearance of the nipple | 3.9 | 0.3 | 3.8 | 0.4 | 3.9 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 0.603 |
Breast swelling, dimpling, redness or soreness of the skin | 3.9 | 0.3 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 3.9 | 0.4 | 4.2 | 0.124 |
Skin changes of the breast | 3.8 | 0.4 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 3.8 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 0.509 |
A sudden change in breast size | 3.9 | 0.4 | 3.8 | 0.4 | 3.9 | 0.4 | 3.4 | 0.180 |
Aching breasts | 3.6 | 0.6 | 3.4 | 0.6 | 3.6 | 0.6 | 4.1 | 0.132 |
Stress or worry | 2.9 | 0.9 | 2.8 | 0.8 | 2.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.673 |
Your mental attitude (e.g. thinking about life negatively) | 2.4 | 0.6 | 2.2 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 0.6 | 1.9 | 0.379 |
Family problems or worries | 2.9 | 0.9 | 2.7 | 0.8 | 2.8 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 0.477 |
Overwork | 2.4 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 0.6 | 2.4 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 0.483 |
Your emotional state (e.g. feeling down, lonely, anxious, empty) | 2.5 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 0.5 | 2.5 | 0.7 | 3.6 | 0.167 |
Your personality | 2.5 | 0.8 | 2.3 | 0.5 | 2.4 | 0.7 | 1.9 | 0.597 |
Hereditary - it runs in the family | 4.6 | 0.5 | 4.4 | 0.7 | 4.6 | 0.6 | 5.1 | 0.080 |
Diet or eating habits | 3.3 | 0.9 | 2.8 | 0.9 | 3.2 | 0.9 | 7.1 | 0.069 |
Poor medical care in the past | 3.3 | 0.9 | 3.3 | 0.8 | 3.3 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.818 |
Your own behaviour | 2.6 | 0.7 | 2.7 | 0.6 | 2.6 | 0.7 | 3.6 | 0.164 |
Ageing | 3.0 | 0.9 | 3.2 | 0.9 | 3.1 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 0.562 |
Smoking | 3.7 | 0.6 | 3.5 | 0.8 | 3.7 | 0.7 | 3.5 | 0.174 |
Alcohol | 3.5 | 0.8 | 3.2 | 0.9 | 3.4 | 0.8 | 2.6 | 0.272 |
A germ or virus | 3.1 | 0.8 | 3.0 | 0.8 | 3.1 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.686 |
Pollution in the environment | 3.7 | 0.7 | 3.3 | 1.0 | 3.6 | 0.8 | 6.2 | 0.104 |
Altered immunity | 3.6 | 0.7 | 3.8 | 0.5 | 3.7 | 0.6 | 5.7 | 0.129 |
Chance or bad luck | 2.9 | 1.0 | 3.1 | 1.0 | 2.9 | 1.0 | 4.1 | 0.386 |
Accident or injury | 3.0 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 0.9 | 3.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.831 |
Breast cancer will last a short time | 2.7 | 0.7 | 2.7 | 0.5 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 3.8 | 0.286 |
Breast cancer is likely to be permanent rather than temporary | 3.4 | 0.7 | 3.2 | 0.8 | 3.3 | 0.7 | 3.4 | 0.178 |
A patient with breast cancer goes through cycles in which her illness gets better and worse | 3.6 | 0.7 | 3.4 | 0.7 | 3.5 | 0.7 | 3.0 | 0.394 |
Breast cancer has major consequences on a patient’s life | 4.4 | 0.6 | 4.1 | 0.6 | 4.3 | 0.6 | 6.3 | 0.096 |
Breast cancer will not have much effect on your life | 1.5 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.5 | 0.7 | 3.7 | 0.297 |
Breast cancer would strongly affect the way others see you | 3.4 | 0.9 | 3.6 | 0.8 | 3.5 | 0.8 | 1.4 | 0.506 |
Breast cancer has serious economic and financial consequences | 3.9 | 0.5 | 3.8 | 0.5 | 3.9 | 0.5 | 1.9 | 0.587 |
Breast cancer would strongly affect the way you see yourself as a person | 4.1 | 0.5 | 4.1 | 0.6 | 4.1 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.736 |
Breast cancer would threaten a relationship with your husband or partner | 3.1 | 1.0 | 2.9 | 0.9 | 3.1 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 0.714 |
If you had breast cancer, your whole life would change | 4.4 | 0.6 | 4.0 | 0.4 | 4.3 | 0.6 | 11.2 | 0.011* |
If you developed breast cancer, the chances of living a long life would decrease | 4.1 | 0.4 | 4.0 | 0.0 | 4.0 | 0.3 | 3.9 | 0.142 |
There is a lot which you can do to control the symptoms if Breast Cancer occurs | 3.9 | 0.5 | 4.0 | 0.0 | 3.9 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 0.604 |
The course of Breast Cancer will depend on your actions | 4.0 | 0.4 | 4.0 | 0.0 | 4.0 | 0.3 | 1.5 | 0.691 |
Your actions will have an effect on the outcome of Breast Cancer | 4.0 | 0.4 | 4.0 | 0.0 | 4.0 | 0.3 | 2.2 | 0.524 |
There is no treatment that will help to improve Breast Cancer | 2.1 | 0.6 | 2.0 | 0.6 | 2.0 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.930 |
The treatment provided will be effective in controlling or curing Breast Cancer | 4.0 | 0.2 | 4.0 | 0.2 | 4.0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.804 |
The negative effects of Breast Cancer can be prevented or avoided by the treatment given | 4.0 | 0.2 | 4.0 | 0.2 | 4.0 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 0.621 |
You have a clear picture and understanding of Breast Cancer | 3.6 | 0.7 | 3.7 | 0.7 | 3.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.722 |
Breast Cancer is a mystery to you | 3.2 | 1.0 | 3.2 | 1.0 | 3.2 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 0.860 |
You get anxious when you think about Breast Cancer | 3.6 | 1.1 | 3.7 | 1.0 | 3.6 | 1.1 | 3.2 | 0.359 |
Breast Cancer makes you feel afraid | 4.2 | 0.7 | 4.3 | 0.5 | 4.2 | 0.7 | 2.2 | 0.523 |
You get worried when you think about Breast Cancer | 4.3 | 0.8 | 4.4 | 0.5 | 4.3 | 0.7 | 2.3 | 0.504 |
Differences between attendees and non-attendees
Range | Attendees (n = 74) | Non-attendees (n = 26) | Test Statistic | p-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Perceived Susceptibility | 3 – 15 | M = 9.5, SD = 0.8 | M = 9.6, SD = 0.9 | 1019.5b | 0.626 |
Perceived Benefits | 6 - 30 | M = 24.0, SD = 1.7 | M = 23.6, SD = 1.6 | 864.0b | 0.384 |
Perceived Barriers | 13 – 65 | M = 27.0, SD = 4.5 | M = 29.2, SD = 6.1 | -2.0a | 0.049* |
Cues to action | 7 – 35 | M = 27.6, SD = 2.8 | M = 25.9, SD = 4.4 | 726.5b | 0.061 |
Self-Efficacy | 7 – 35 | M = 24.9, SD = 2.7 | M = 24.2, SD = 2.7 | 783.0b | 0.129 |
Breast Cancer Identity | 8 – 40 | M = 30.8, SD = 1.9 | M = 29.9, SD = 2.5 | 776.0b | 0.124 |
Causes of Breast Cancer | 18 – 90 | M = 55.8, SD = 7.2 | M = 53.9, SD = 5.9 | 1.2a | 0.238 |
Cancer Timeline: Acute/Chronic | 2 – 10 | M = 6.1, SD = 0.8 | M = 5.9, SD = 0.8 | 839.0b | 0.295 |
Cancer Timeline: Cyclical | 1 – 5 | M = 3.6, SD = 0.7 | M = 3.4, SD = 0.7 | 829.5b | 0.221 |
Consequences | 8 – 40 | M = 28.8, SD = 2.3 | M = 28.1, SD = 1.9 | 744.0b | 0.083 |
Personal Control | 3 – 15 | M = 11.9, SD = 0.7 | M = 12.0, SD = 0.0 | 1014.0b | 0.432 |
Treatment Control | 3 – 15 | M = 10.0, SD = 0.6 | M = 9.9, SD = 0.6 | 865.0b | 0.265 |
Illness Coherence | 2 – 10 | M = 6.8, SD = 1.2 | M = 6.9, SD = 1.1 | 991.5b | 0.802 |
Emotional Representations | 3 – 15 | M = 12.1, SD = 2.3 | M = 12.4, SD = 1.8 | 991.5b | 0.811 |
Predictors of attendance and non-attendance to the second screening round
B | SE | Wald | P-value | OR | 95% CI | Model Accuracy YES | Model Accuracy NO | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1: Demographics | 100% | 0% | ||||||
Age | -0.154 | 0.084 | 3.329 | 0.068 | 0.858 | 0.727, 1.011 | ||
Constant | 7.926 | 4.905 | 2.611 | 0.106 | 2769.527 | |||
Model 2: Health Status | 100% | 0% | ||||||
Breast condition | -1.093 | 0.526 | 4.315 | 0.038 | 0.335 | 0.119, 0.940 | ||
Constant | 0.893 | 0.940 | 0.902 | 0.342 | 2.441 | |||
Model 3: Health Beliefs | 93.2% | 30.8% | ||||||
No possibility of getting breast cancer | 1.064 | 0.474 | 5.030 | 0.025 | 2.897 | 1.144, 7.338 | ||
Fear of unknown procedurea | 0.563 | 0.388 | 2.102 | 0.147 | 1.755 | 0.820, 3.756 | ||
GP advice | -1.145 | 0.562 | 4.158 | 0.041 | 0.318 | 0.106, 0.956 | ||
Constant | 0.480 | 2.717 | 0.031 | 0.860 | 1.617 | |||
Model 4: Illness Perceptions | 89.2% | 69.2% | ||||||
Breast swelling, dimpling, redness or soreness of the skin | -1.796 | 0.720 | 6.215 | 0.013 | 0.166 | 0.040, 0.681 | ||
Diet | -1.029 | 0.312 | 10.873 | 0.001 | 0.357 | 0.194, 0.659 | ||
Altered immunity | 1.462 | 0.568 | 6.610 | 0.010 | 4.313 | 1.415, 3.141 | ||
Whole life would change | -1.334 | 0.533 | 6.257 | 0.012 | 0.263 | 0.093, 0.749 | ||
Constant | 9.082 | 3.931 | 5.337 | 0.021 | 8796.855 | |||
Model 5: Health Beliefs and Illness Perceptions | 89.2% | 69.2% | ||||||
Breast swelling, dimpling, redness or soreness of the skin | -1.796 | 0.720 | 6.215 | 0.013 | 0.166 | 0.040, 0.681 | ||
Diet | -1.029 | 0.312 | 10.873 | 0.001 | 0.357 | 0.194, 0.659 | ||
Altered immunity | 1.462 | 0.568 | 6.610 | 0.010 | 4.313 | 1.415, 3.141 | ||
Whole life would change | -1.334 | 0.533 | 6.257 | 0.012 | 0.263 | 0.093, 0.749 | ||
Constant | 9.082 | 3.931 | 5.337 | 0.021 | 8796.855 | |||
Model 6: Health Beliefs and Illness Perceptions | 95.9% | 84.6% | ||||||
Early detection | 5.699 | 2.097 | 7.390 | 0.007 | 298.646 | 4.904, 18,187.040 | ||
If early detection, treatment not as badb | 12.267 | 7.293 | 2.830 | 0.093 | 2.126 × 105 | 0.132, 3.427 × 1011 | ||
Having mammography decreases chances of dyingb | -8.890 | 6.724 | 1.748 | 0.186 | 0.000 | 0.000, 72.821 | ||
Fear of unknown procedure | 5.210 | 1.842 | 8.003 | 0.005 | 183.103 | 4.955, 6765.914 | ||
Unnecessary radiation | 4.471 | 1.655 | 7.301 | 0.007 | 87.419 | 3.414, 2238.732 | ||
Breast swelling, dimpling, redness or soreness of the skin | -8.961 | 3.119 | 8.252 | 0.004 | 0.000 | 0.000, 0.058 | ||
Personality | -5.566 | 2.295 | 5.885 | 0.015 | 0.004 | 0.000, 0.343 | ||
Diet | -5.558 | 1.946 | 8.160 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.000, 0.175 | ||
Germ or virus | -5.721 | 2.168 | 6.967 | 0.008 | 0.003 | 0.000, 0.229 | ||
Altered immunity | 8.217 | 2.860 | 8.254 | 0.004 | 3705.048 | 13.620, 1.008 × 106 | ||
Breast cancer last short time | -2.623 | 1.042 | 6.340 | 0.012 | 0.073 | 0.009, 0.559 | ||
Affects the way others see you | 3.105 | 1.286 | 5.831 | 0.016 | 22.305 | 1.795, 277.210 | ||
Whole life would change | -9.738 | 3.266 | 8.888 | 0.003 | 0.000 | 0.000, 0.036 | ||
You get worried if breast cancer occurs | 2.444 | 1.199 | 4.159 | 0.041 | 11.521 | 1.100, 120.694 | ||
Constant | 14.947 | 26.502 | 0.318 | 0.573 | 3.102 × 106 | |||
Model 7: The 14 constructs | 94.6% | 30.0% | ||||||
Perceived barriers | 0.155 | 0.054 | 8.305 | 0.004 | 0.167 | 1.051, 1.296 | ||
Breast cancer identity | -0.231 | 0.120 | 3.691 | 0.055 | 0.794 | 0.627, 1.005 | ||
Causes of breast cancerc | -0.070 | 0.040 | 3.022 | 0.082 | 0.932 | 0.861, 1.009 | ||
Consequencesc | -0.204 | 0.116 | 3.082 | 0.079 | 0.815 | 0.649, 1.024 | ||
Constant | 11.286 | 4.983 | 5.129 | 0.024 | 79,721.454 |
Predicting attendance to second screening using first screening uptake
B | SE | Wald | P-value | OR | 95% CI | Model Accuracy YES | Model Accuracy NO | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 8: 2nd Screening Uptake | 83.8% | 65.4% | ||||||
1st Screening Uptake | -2.278 | 0.519 | 19.266 | 0.000 | 0.102 | 0.037, 0.283 | ||
Constant | 0.348 | 0.377 | 0.853 | 0.356 | 1.417 | |||
Model 9: 2nd Screening Uptake | 91.9% | 61.5% | ||||||
1st Screening Uptake | 2.462 | 0.571 | 18.591 | 0.000 | 11.728 | 3.830, 35.914 | ||
Perceived barriers | 0.129 | 0.057 | 5.102 | 0.024 | 1.138 | 1.017, 1.273 | ||
Breast cancer identity | -0.272 | 0.123 | 4.917 | 0.027 | 0.762 | 0.599, 0.969 | ||
Constant | 0.157 | 3.730 | 0.002 | 0.966 | 1.170 |