Background
Methods
QLQ-H&N43
Translation
Psychometric evaluation
Statistical analysis
Results
Frequency | Percent | |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Male | 67 | 69.8 |
Female | 29 | 30.2 |
Age | ||
< 60 | 49 | 51 |
≥ 60 | 47 | 49 |
Tumor grade | ||
1 | 16 | 16.7 |
2 | 27 | 28.1 |
3 | 30 | 31.2 |
4 | 23 | 24 |
Nodes | ||
0 | 65 | 68 |
1 | 13 | 13.5 |
2 | 11 | 11.5 |
3 | 7 | 7.3 |
Metastasis | ||
No | 86 | 89.6 |
Yes | 10 | 10.4 |
Radiotherapy | ||
No | 56 | 58.3 |
Yes | 40 | 41.7 |
Stage | ||
I & II | 34 | 35.4 |
III | 26 | 27.1 |
IV | 36 | 37.5 |
Chemotherapy | ||
No | 75 | 78.1 |
Yes | 21 | 21.9 |
Mean | Standard deviation | Floor/ceiling effects (%) | |
---|---|---|---|
QLQ-C30 | |||
Functioninga | |||
Physical functioning | 90.5 | 13.7 | 0.0/12.7 |
Role functioning | 83.8 | 16.8 | 0.0/15.4 |
Emotional functioning | 72.1 | 17.0 | 0.0/5.4 |
Cognitive functioning | 86.5 | 20.2 | 0.0/9.7 |
Social functioning | 80.7 | 20.5 | 0.0/12.8 |
Global quality of life | 61.7 | 14.4 | 1.1/12.0 |
Symptomsb | |||
Fatigue | 27.1 | 22.6 | 11.0/2.2 |
Nausea and vomiting | 8.51 | 17.2 | 3.3/13.0 |
Pain | 33.3 | 19.2 | 7.6//9.8 |
Dyspnoea | 16.6 | 22.3 | 14.4/10.8 |
Insomnia | 12.3 | 23.5 | 8.6/1.1 |
Appetite loss | 18.1 | 24.9 | 8.0/15.2 |
Constipation | 34.0 | 30.4 | 3.7/6.5 |
Diarrhoea | 23.9 | 28.0 | 8.9/4.3 |
Financial difficulties | 37.6 | 26.7 | 1.1/25.0 |
QLQ-H&N43b | |||
HN Pain | 29.5 | 22.4 | 9.9/1.1 |
HN Swallowing | 29.6 | 16.4 | 4.3/5.4 |
HN Senses problems | 15.0 | 18.3 | 6.5/2.2 |
HN Speech problems | 26.3 | 16.7 | 5.4/1.1 |
HN Trouble with social eating | 28.0 | 18.2 | 10.9/0.0 |
HN Less sexuality | 21.4 | 27.3 | 4.9/2.2 |
HN Problems with teeth | 44.5 | 25.1 | 13.0/5.4 |
HN Dry mouth/Sticky saliva | 11.0 | 19.8 | 8.5/1.1 |
HN Body image | 24.8 | 21.1 | 13.9/0.0 |
HN Shoulder pain | 5.49 | 15.5 | 7.3/0.0 |
HN Skin problems | 7.65 | 17.0 | 12.0/1.1 |
HN Anxiety | 48.3 | 30.1 | 17.8/5.7 |
HN Trouble with social contact | 12.4 | 24.6 | 6.6/2.2 |
HN Opening mouth | 31.5 | 32.1 | 13.4/6.5 |
HN Coughing | 11.2 | 23.3 | 14.1/2.8 |
HN Lymphedema | 9.52 | 18.7 | 15.8/0.0 |
HN Weight loss | 27.0 | 31.5 | 14.4/1.1 |
HN Problems wounds healing | 12.9 | 21.6 | 12.1/4.4 |
HN Neurological problems | 11.1 | 21.1 | 13.8/2.2 |
Validity of the QOL-H&N43
Known groups validity
Patients without metastasis (n = 86) | Patients with metastasis (n = 10) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | P** | |
Pain | 28.9 (21.5) | 35.1 (30.5) | 0.66 |
Swallowing | 28.6 (16.5) | 38.8 (13.1) | 0.06 |
Senses problems | 13.8 (17.4) | 25.9 (23.7) | 0.10 |
Speech problems | 24.4 (16.0) | 44.4 (12.4) | 0.001 |
Trouble with social eating | 27.3 (17.4) | 35.1 (24.5) | 0.25 |
Less sexuality | 19.9 (26.6) | 35.1 (31.6) | 0.09 |
Problems with teeth | 42.6 (25.4) | 61.7 (13.7) | 0.02 |
Dry mouth/Sticky saliva | 10.4 (19.7) | 16.6 (20.4) | 0.29 |
Body image | 24.7 (21.2) | 25.9 (21.5) | 0.76 |
Shoulder pain | 4.67 (14.4) | 12.9 (23.2) | 0.10 |
Skin problems | 5.62 (12.5) | 25.9 (35.1) | 0.07 |
Anxiety | 47.7 (30.2) | 53.7 (30.9) | 0.58 |
Trouble with social contact | 9.7 (21.2) | 37.0 (48.8) | 0.003 |
Opening mouth | 28.5 (31.2) | 59.2 (27.7) | 0.007 |
Coughing | 8.8 (18.8) | 33.3 (44.0) | 0.04 |
Lymphedema | 7.7 (16.8) | 25.9 (27.7) | 0.01 |
Weight loss | 25.1 (31.4) | 44.4 (28.8) | 0.05 |
Problems wounds healing | 11.5 (21.8) | 25.9 (14.6) | 0.005 |
Neurological problems | 9.8 (20.7) | 22.2 (23.5) | 0.03 |
Stage I & II (n = 34) | Stage III (n = 26) | Stage IV (n = 36) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | P** | |
Pain | 26.4 (23.5) | 28.8 (15.3) | 33.6 (26.1) | 0.46 |
Swallowing | 29.4 (15.7) | 29.4 (19.4) | 29.9 (14.9) | 0.98 |
Senses problems | 11.5 (16.1) | 14.7 (20.4) | 18.2 (17.6) | 0.27 |
Speech problems | 20.7 (17.1) | 25.1 (15.5) | 33.3 (15.3) | 0.006 |
Trouble with social eating | 23.0 (18.3) | 26.4 (17.5) | 33.8 (17.9) | 0.09 |
Less sexuality | 16.6 (26.0) | 23.9 (28.6) | 24.3 (27.5) | 0.38 |
Problems with teeth | 36.0 (23.9) | 41.8 (25.7) | 55.9 (22.1) | 0.007 |
Dry mouth/Sticky saliva | 9.3 (18.4) | 10.9 (18.2) | 13.4 (23.5) | 0.68 |
Body image | 19.0 (18.9) | 26.7 (20.8) | 29.4 (23.0) | 0.11 |
Shoulder pain | 3.8 (13.5) | 5.5 (15.4) | 6.7 (17.3) | 0.74 |
Skin problems | 4.7 (12.6) | 6.3 (13.8) | 11.4 (22.3) | 033 |
Anxiety | 43.4 (31.7) | 47.4 (30.8) | 54.3 (27.8) | 0.39 |
Trouble with social contact | 8.1 (14.5) | 11.5 (24.8) | 17.7 (31.6) | 0.62 |
Opening mouth | 21.5 (27.0) | 37.1 (39.2) | 37.5 (29.0) | 0.08 |
Coughing | 08.9 (17.7) | 10.7 (21.2) | 13.5 (29.1) | 0.99 |
Lymphedema | 03.8 (14.3) | 11.1 (19.8) | 12.5 (20.3) | 0.10 |
Weight loss | 20.2 (32.2) | 24.3 (30.6) | 36.5 (30.2) | 0.05 |
Problems wounds healing | 5.1 (12.2) | 13.9 (20.6) | 18.1 (26.4) | 0.08 |
Neurological problems | 6.4 (16.3) | 8.0 (16.7) | 18.2 (26.9) | 0.08 |
Convergent and divergent validity (discriminant validity)
PF | RF | EF | CF | SF | GQOL | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pain | − 0.38 (0.004) | − 0.33 (0.007) | − 0.42 (< 0.001) | − 0.14 (0.18) | − 0.20 (0.68) | − 0.32 (0.002) |
Swallowing | −.0.11 (0.29) | −.012 (0.27) | − 0.29 (0.005) | − 0.15 (0.15) | −.0.25 (0.02) | − 0.34 (0.01) |
Senses problems | − 0.28 (0.006) | − 0.18 (0.07) | − 0.37 (< 0.001) | − 0.22 (0.03) | − 0.26 (0.01) | −0.17 (0.09) |
Speech problems | −0.36 (< 0.001) | − 0.16 (0.12) | − 0.19 (0.06) | − 0.15 (0.16) | − 0.45 (< 0.001) | −0.43 (< 0.001) |
Trouble with social eating | −0.20 (0.05) | − 0.25 (0.01) | − 0.37 (< 0.001) | −0.14 (0.19) | − 0.37 (< 0.001) | −0.23 (0.02) |
Less sexuality | −0.53 (< 0.001) | − 0.35 (0.001) | − 0.24 (0.02) | −0.46 (< 0.001) | − 0.17 (0.11) | −0.40 (< 0.001) |
Problems with teeth | −0.50 (< 0.001) | − 0.24 (0.02) | − 0.26 (0.01) | −0.04 (0.71) | − 0.27 (0.009) | −0.37 (< 0.001) |
Dry mouth/Sticky saliva | −0.29 (0.006) | − 0.15 (0.16) | − 0.14 (0.18) | −0.17 (0.11) | − 0.09 (0.37) | −0.05 (0.62) |
Body image | −0.07 (0.48) | −0.01 (0.92) | − 0.24 (0.03) | −0.18 (0.37) | − 0.22 (0.03) | −0.55 (< 0.001) |
Shoulder pain | −0.30 (0.003) | − 0.51 (< 0.001) | − 0.15 (0.14) | −0.15 (0.14) | − 0.14 (0.16) | −0.41 (< 0.001) |
Skin problems | −0.08 (0.43) | − 0.18 (0.08) | − 0.05 (0.60) | −0.04 (0.64) | − 0.18 (0.09) | −0.21 (0.05) |
Anxiety | −0.27 (0.01) | −0.04 (0.69) | − 0.80 (< 0.001) | −0.04 (0.70) | − 0.05 (0.63) | −0.29 (0.006) |
Trouble with social contact | −0.32 (0.002) | −0.16 (0.11) | − 0.10 (0.32) | −0.23 (0.03) | − 0.38 (< 0.001) | −0.31 (0.004) |
Opening mouth | −0.32 (0.004) | −0.37 (< 0.001) | 0.34 (< 0.001) | −0.24 (0.02) | − 0.21 (0.04) | −0.51 (< 0.001) |
Coughing | −0.29 (0.005) | − 0.02 (0.88 | − 0.01 (0.93) | −0.13 (0.21) | − 0.02 (0.8) | −0.13 (0.22) |
Lymphedema | −0.30 (0.003) | −0.15 (0.14) | − 0.15 (0.14) | −0.15 (0.14) | − 0.15 (0.14) | −0.10 (0.33) |
Weight loss | −0.25 (0.01) | −0.13 (0.22) | − 0.14 (0.16) | −0.13 (0.22) | − 0.24 (0.02) | −0.43 (< 0.001) |
Problems wounds healing | −0.38 (< 0.001) | − 0.23 (0.03) | − 0.28 (0.007) | −0.25 (0.01) | − 0.41 (< 0.001) | −0.43 (< 0.001) |
Neurological problems | −0.35 (0.001) | − 0.40 (< 0.001) | − 0.27 (0.01) | −0.33 (0.002) | − 0.35 (0.001) | −0.31 (0.003) |
Internal consistency reliability
Number of items | Cronbach’s α | |
---|---|---|
Pain | 4 | 0.78 |
Swallowing | 4 | 0.70 |
Speech problems | 5 | 0.72 |
Social eating | 4 | 0.66 |
Problems with teeth | 3 | 0.73 |
Body image | 3 | 0.69 |
Skin problems | 3 | 0.72 |