Introduction
Materials and methods
Ethics approval, consent to participate, and volunteers
Preparation of 18F-PSS232
Safety monitoring
Data acquisition
Data analysis
Results
Safety
Volunteer | Sex | Age (years) | Injected dose (MBq) | Effective dose (mSv/patient) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | M | 25 | 243.2 | 3.96 |
2 | M | 21 | 240.5 | 3.66 |
3 | M | 22 | 240.6 | 3.73 |
4 | M | 24 | 246.6 | 3.65 |
5 | M | 23 | 247.2 | 3.73 |
6 | M | 26 | 242.4 | 3.61 |
Mean ± SD | 23 ± 1.7 | 243.4 ± 2.6 | 3.72 ± 0.12 |
Radiation dosimetry estimates and biodistribution
Source organ | Mean residence time |
---|---|
Brain | 0.0527 ± 0.0066 |
Gallbladder contents | 0.1348 ± 0.0811 |
Small intestine | 0.2702 ± 0.0499 |
Heart contents | 0.0096 ± 0.0018 |
Heart wall | 0.0109 ± 0.0017 |
Kidneys | 0.0174 ± 0.0024 |
Liver | 0.3873 ± 0.0716 |
Muscle | 0.7552 ± 0.0174 |
Pancreas | 0.0039 ± 0.0009 |
Red marrow | 0.0681 ± 0.0137 |
Spleen | 0.0035 ± 0.0014 |
Thymus | 0.0008 ± 0.0002 |
Thyroid | 0.0005 ± 0.0001 |
Urinary bladder contents | 0.0200 ± 0.0181 |
Remainder | 0.9050 ± 0.3442 |
Organ | Mean | COV | Minimum | Maximum |
---|---|---|---|---|
Adrenals | 0.0138 | 2.2 | 0.0134 | 0.0143 |
Brain | 0.0107 | 10.3 | 0.0089 | 0.0121 |
Breasts | 0.0064 | 17.2 | 0.0050 | 0.0080 |
Gallbladder wall | 0.2295 | 55.4 | 0.0567 | 0.4340 |
Lower large intestine wall | 0.0130 | 7.7 | 0.0115 | 0.0145 |
Small intestine | 0.0643 | 14.6 | 0.0510 | 0.0816 |
Stomach wall | 0.0118 | 5.1 | 0.0111 | 0.0128 |
Upper large intestine wall | 0.0217 | 6 | 0.0207 | 0.0246 |
Heart wall | 0.0153 | 9.2 | 0.0129 | 0.0172 |
Kidneys | 0.0209 | 11 | 0.0177 | 0.0249 |
Liver | 0.0547 | 18.1 | 0.0440 | 0.0727 |
Lungs | 0.0090 | 7.8 | 0.0081 | 0.0101 |
Muscle | 0.0108 | 8.3 | 0.0093 | 0.0119 |
Ovaries | 0.0156 | 6.4 | 0.0138 | 0.0169 |
Pancreas | 0.0197 | 12.2 | 0.0175 | 0.0246 |
Red marrow | 0.0140 | 4.3 | 0.0129 | 0.0145 |
Osteogenic cells | 0.0136 | 11.8 | 0.0113 | 0.0154 |
Skin | 0.0059 | 13.6 | 0.0048 | 0.0071 |
Spleen | 0.0105 | 14.3 | 0.0092 | 0.0135 |
Testes | 0.0071 | 14.1 | 0.0054 | 0.0088 |
Thymus | 0.0121 | 10.7 | 0.0104 | 0.0147 |
Thyroid | 0.0088 | 6.8 | 0.0077 | 0.0096 |
Urinary bladder wall | 0.0188 | 43.1 | 0.0140 | 0.0368 |
Uterus | 0.0151 | 4.6 | 0.0142 | 0.0164 |
Total body | 0.0123 | 0.8 | 0.0121 | 0.0123 |
Effective dose | 0.0153 | 3.3 | 0.0148 | 0.0163 |
Organ | Mean | COV | Minimum | Maximum |
---|---|---|---|---|
Adrenals | 0.0129 | 2.3 | 0.0125 | 0.0133 |
Brain | 0.0107 | 10.3 | 0.0089 | 0.0121 |
Breasts | 0.0063 | 17.5 | 0.0048 | 0.0080 |
Gallbladder wall | 0.1368 | 57.5 | 0.0356 | 0.2780 |
Lower large intestine wall | 0.0200 | 14.5 | 0.0151 | 0.0250 |
Small intestine | 0.0422 | 24.2 | 0.0256 | 0.0600 |
Stomach wall | 0.0112 | 3.6 | 0.0108 | 0.0117 |
Upper large intestine wall | 0.0473 | 25.8 | 0.0274 | 0.0685 |
Heart wall | 0.0149 | 8.7 | 0.0126 | 0.0166 |
Kidneys | 0.0199 | 11.6 | 0.0165 | 0.0236 |
Liver | 0.0493 | 20.1 | 0.0372 | 0.0648 |
Lungs | 0.0087 | 8.0 | 0.0077 | 0.0099 |
Muscle | 0.0105 | 9.5 | 0.0087 | 0.0117 |
Ovaries | 0.0146 | 6.2 | 0.0130 | 0.0159 |
Pancreas | 0.0183 | 11.5 | 0.0162 | 0.0225 |
Red marrow | 0.0136 | 5.1 | 0.0120 | 0.0143 |
Osteogenic cells | 0.0134 | 11.2 | 0.0111 | 0.0151 |
Skin | 0.0058 | 13.8 | 0.0046 | 0.0069 |
Spleen | 0.0101 | 14.9 | 0.0088 | 0.0132 |
Testes | 0.0071 | 14.1 | 0.0055 | 0.0087 |
Thymus | 0.0120 | 10.8 | 0.0103 | 0.0146 |
Thyroid | 0.0088 | 6.8 | 0.0077 | 0.0096 |
Urinary bladder wall | 0.0185 | 44.3 | 0.0137 | 0.0369 |
Uterus | 0.0134 | 3.0 | 0.0128 | 0.0140 |
Total body | 0.0117 | 1.7 | 0.0113 | 0.0119 |
Effective dose | 0.0150 | 8.7 | 0.0131 | 0.0170 |