Background
Methods
Design, participants, and setting
Instruments
Stress scale
Coping strategies
Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)
Data Analysis
Results
Associations between stress and coping strategies
Coping strategies | Stress |
B
| SE B
| β* | Adj. R
2
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Active, problem-focused coping/ positive | |||||
Life goals* | -0.18 | 0.04 | -0.19 | .09 | |
Academic problems | -0.02 | 0.04 | -0.02 | .04 | |
Social problems* | -0.22 | 0.04 | -0.23 | .10 | |
Personal/financial problems | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | .03 | |
Passive, problem-focused coping/negative | |||||
Life goals* | 0.16 | 0.05 | 0.13 | .04 | |
Academic problems | -0.05 | 0.05 | -0.04 | .02 | |
Social problems | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.06 | .03 | |
Personal/financial problems* | 0.22 | 0.05 | 0.19 | .06 | |
Active, emotion-focused coping/ positive | |||||
Life goals* | 0.13 | 0.05 | 0.12 | .01 | |
Academic problems | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.08 | .01 | |
Social problems* | -0.30 | 0.04 | -0.28 | .02 | |
Personal/financial problems* | 0.12 | 0.04 | 0.12 | .01 | |
Passive, emotion-focused | |||||
Life goals* | 0.19 | 0.05 | 0.17 | .12 | |
Academic problems | -0.07 | 0.04 | -0.06 | .06 | |
Social problems* | 0.31 | 0.04 | 0.27 | .17 | |
Personal/financial problems* | 0.25 | 0.04 | 0.23 | .14 |
Associations between coping strategies and depressive symptoms
Coping strategies |
B
|
SE B
|
β
|
Adjusted R
2
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Active, problem-focused | -3.52 | 0.67 | -0.16* | .03 |
Passive, problem-focused | -0.61 | 0.60 | -0.03 | .05 |
Active, emotion-focused | 0.83 | 0.68 | 0.04 | .04 |
Passive, emotion-focused | 10.30 | 0.63 | 0.57* | .33 |
Initial structural equation modeling for stress, coping strategies, and depressive symptoms
Model modification
Adaptability index | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 |
---|---|---|---|
CFI | 0.74 | 0.78 | 0.90 |
SRMR | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.05 |
RMSEA | 0.16 | 0.10 | 0.02 |