Background
Objectives
Methods
CDW system design
Data integration development
Lexical analysis
Text | Sentences | Tokens |
---|---|---|
Delix 10mg 1-0-0, Belok zok 1/2-0-0, Mono-Mack 20 1-1-0 | Delix 10mg 1-0-0 | Delix, 10, mg, 1, 0, 0 |
Belok zok 1/2-0-0 | Belok, zok, 1/2, 0, 0 | |
Mono-Mack 20 1-1-0 | Mono, Mack, 20, 1, 1, 0 |
Context of information
Text query features
Spelling error tolerant query
Product name | Misspells | Distance | Operation |
---|---|---|---|
Ibuhexal | Ibohexal | 1 | Substitution |
Cordarex | Kordarex | 1 | Substitution |
Warfarin | Wafarin | 1 | Snsertion |
Euphylong | Euphyllong | 1 | Deletion |
Repaglinid | Repagilnid | 1 | Transposition |
Ramipril | Rampiril | 1 | Transposition |
Repaglinid | Repagilid | 2 | Transposition, insertion |
Dose extraction with proximity search
Query | Expanded query | Matching | Not matching |
---|---|---|---|
Delix 5 mg | “Delix 5 1 0 0” OR | Delix 5mg 1-0-0 | Delix 5mg 1-0-1 |
“Delix 5 1/2 1/2 0” | Delix 5mg 1/2-0-1/2 | Delix 5mg 0-0-1/2 | |
Delix 5-mg 0 1 0 | Delix 5 mg 0-1-1/2 |
Query token generation
Product name | Processed name | Alternative name |
---|---|---|
Bayer Aspirin forte 100mg | Aspirin | |
Levothyroxin-Natrium | Levothyroxin Natrium | Levothyroxin Na |
Paracetamol-Ratiopharm 500mg | Paracetamol | |
ACC akut 200mg Hustenlöser | ACC |
Evaluation
Medication extraction
Study replication
Designation in paper | ICD-10-Code | Abbr. |
---|---|---|
Abnormal liver function | K77: Liver disorders in diseases classified elsewhere | |
Alcohol abuse | F10: Alcohol related disorders | |
Atrial fibrillation | I48: Atrial fibrillation and flutter | AF |
Bleeding | R58: Hemorrhage, not elsewhere classified | |
Chronic kidney disease | N18: Chronic kidney disease | CKD |
Deep vein thrombosis | I82: Other venous embolism and thrombosis | |
Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 | E11: Type 2 diabetes mellitus | T2DM |
Heart failure | I50: Heart failure | |
Hypertension | I10: Essential (primary) hypertension | HT |
Ischemic heart disease | I20-25: Ischemic heart diseases | |
Myocardial infarction | I21: Acute myocardial infarction | |
Peripheral artery disease | I73.9: Peripheral vascular disease, unspecified | |
Pregnant | O00-099: Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium | |
Pulmonary embolism | I26: Pulmonary embolism | |
Stroke | I63: Cerebral infarction | |
Valvular disease | I05-I09: Chronic rheumatic heart diseases | |
I34-I37: Nonrheumatic mitral/aortic/tricuspid/pulmonary valve disorders | ||
Q22-Q23: Congenital malformations of pulmonary and tricuspid valves / aortic and mitral valves |
Designation in paper | ATC-Codesystem |
---|---|
Insulin | A10A: Insulins and analogues |
Oral antidiabetes medication | A10B: Blood glucose lowering drugs, excluding insulins |
Biguanides | A10BA: Biguanides |
Sulfonylureas | A10BB: Sulfonylureas |
Antidiabetes combinations | A10BD: Combinations of oral blood glucose lowering drugs |
α-Glucosidase inhibitors | A10BF: Alpha glucosidase inhibitors |
Thiazolidinediones | A10BG: Thiazolidinediones |
DPP-4 inhibitors | A10BH: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors |
Meglitinides | A10BX: Other blood glucose lowering drugs, excluding insulins |
Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) | B01AA: Vitamin K antagonists |
Warfarin | B01AA03: Warfarin |
ADP receptor antagonists | B01AC04: Clopidogrel, B01AC05: Ticlopidine, B01AC22: Prasugrel, B01AC24: Ticagrelor |
Oral anticoagulations (OAC) | VKA & NOAC |
Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) | Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban, and Apixaban |
Rivaroxaban | B01AF01: Rivaroxaban |
Apixaban | B01AF02: Apixaban |
Dabigatran | B01AE07: Dabigatran etexilate |
Aspirin | B01AC06 ASS |
Dipyridamole | B01AC07: Dipyridamole |
Digoxin | C01AA05: Digoxin |
Diuretics | C03: Diuretics |
Thiazide diuretics | C03A: Low-ceiling diuretics, thiazides |
Hydrochlorothiazide | C03AA03: Hydrochlorothiazide |
Loop diuretics | C03C: High-ceiling diuretics |
Furosemide | C03CA01: Furosemide |
Hydrochlorothiazide; triamterene | C03EA01: Hydrochlorothiazide and potassium-sparing agents |
β-blockers | C07: Beta blocking agents |
Metoprolol | C07AB02: Metoprolol |
Atenolol | C07AB03: Atenolol |
Carvedilol | C07AG02: Carvedilol |
Calcium channel blockers | C08: Calcium channel blockers |
Amlodipine | C08CA01: Amlodipine |
Nifedipine | C08CA05: Nifedipine |
Verapamil | C08DA01: Verapamil |
Diltiazem | C08DB01: Diltiazem |
RAAS | C09: Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system |
Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors: | C09A: ACE inhibitors, plain |
Lisinopril | C09AA03: Lisinopril |
Lisinopril; hydrochlorothiazide | C09BA03: Lisinopril and diuretics |
Angiotensin receptor blockers | C09C: Angiotensin II antagonists, plain |
Losartan | C09CA01: Losartan |
Valsartan | C09CA03: Valsartan |
Olmesartan | C09CA08: Olmesartan medoxomil |
Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs: | M01A: Anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic products, non-steroids |
Study topic | Paper | Filters |
---|---|---|
Hypertension: Trends | [13] | Hypertension, age ≥18, not pregnant |
Hypertension: Systolic BP | [14] | Hypertension, 1.1.2014- 1.1.2015 |
Atrial Fibrillation: Trend & Age Groups | [3] | Atrial Fibrillation, 2005 - 2018, age [30, 100], no valvular disease, no pulmonary embolism, no deep vein thrombosis |
Atrial Fibrillation: Characteristics & Brands | [4] | Atrial Fibrillation, 22.8.2011 -1.1.2016, age [30, 100], no valvular disease, no pulmonary embolism, no deep vein thrombosis |
CKD & T2DM | [5] | CKD,T2DB, Age ≥18, 2012-2017 |
Results
Ad hoc IE evaluation
Extraction of drugs
Dataset | Documents | Medications | TP | FP | FN | Precision | Recall | F1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 600 | 5701 | 5529 | 15 | 172 | 0.997 | 0.970 | 0.983 |
2005 | 300 | 23000 | 2176 | 13 | 124 | 0.994 | 0.946 | 0.969 |
2015 | 300 | 3041 | 3353 | 2 | 48 | 0.999 | 0.986 | 0.993 |
I10 | 200 | 1817 | 1768 | 3 | 49 | 0.998 | 0.973 | 0.986 |
I48 | 200 | 1795 | 1741 | 1 | 54 | 0.999 | 0.970 | 0.984 |
N18 | 200 | 2089 | 2020 | 11 | 69 | 0.995 | 0.967 | 0.981 |
Medications | Occurrences | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
# | % | # | % | |
Abbreviation | 40 | 33% | 76 | 41% |
Not in DB | 22 | 18% | 39 | 21% |
Alternative notation | 9 | 7% | 10 | 5% |
Misspelling | 38 | 31% | 47 | 25% |
Search to fuzzy | 3 | 2% | 6 | 3% |
Incorrect extracted medication | 9 | 7% | 9 | 5% |
Extraction of daily drug dose
# | % | |
---|---|---|
Intake (not discontinued) | 852 | 95% |
With strength | 814 | 90% |
With instruction | 829 | 92% |
With strength and instruction | 800 | 89% |
Daily units | # | % |
---|---|---|
0.25 | 1 | 0.1% |
0.5 | 85 | 10.0% |
1 | 489 | 57.4% |
1.5 | 7 | 0.8% |
2 | 264 | 31.0% |
3 | 5 | 0.6% |
4 | 1 | 0.1% |
Dataset | Documents | TP | FP | FN | Precision | Recall | F1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 900 | 875 | 21 | 25 | 0.977 | 0.972 | 0.974 |
Xarelto | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Eliquis | 100 | 95 | 3 | 5 | 0.960 | 0.950 | 0.955 |
Pradaxa | 100 | 92 | 6 | 8 | 0.939 | 0.920 | 0.929 |
NOACs | 300 | 287 | 12 | 13 | 0.960 | 0.957 | 0.958 |
Esidrix | 200 | 197 | 2 | 3 | 0.990 | 0.985 | 0.987 |
Concor | 200 | 196 | 4 | 4 | 0.980 | 0.980 | 0.980 |
Delix | 200 | 195 | 3 | 5 | 0.985 | 0.975 | 0.980 |
Antihypertensive drug | 600 | 581 | 9 | 12 | 0.985 | 0.980 | 0.982 |
2015 | 600 | 586 | 13 | 14 | 0.978 | 0.977 | 0.977 |
2005 | 300 | 289 | 8 | 11 | 0.973 | 0.963 | 0.968 |
Error | # | % |
---|---|---|
Notation | 23 | 50% |
Supplement | 6 | 13% |
Tokenizer | 6 | 13% |
Doublet | 5 | 11% |
Segmentation | 4 | 9% |
GAP | 2 | 4% |
Study replication
Hypertension
2000 -2001 | 2003 -2004 | 2005 -2006 | 2007 -2008 | 2009 -2010 | Overall | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Paper | 1669 | 1750 | 1564 | 2169 | 2168 | 9320 |
UKW | 4720 | 12267 | 17823 | 20187 | 23646 | 78643 | |
Med1 | 3485 | 5938 | 6690 | 7596 | 9189 | 32898 | |
Diuretics | Paper | 30% | 32% | 34% | 35% | 36% | 34% |
UKW | 48% | 46% | 45% | 46% | 48% | 46% | |
Med1 | 48% | 56% | 61% | 60% | 59% | 58% | |
Thiazide-Diuretics | Paper | 22% | 24% | 26% | 27% | 28% | 26% |
UKW | 14% | 21% | 20% | 18% | 18% | 18% | |
Med1 | 13% | 24% | 24% | 20% | 17% | 20% | |
β-blockers | Paper | 20% | 25% | 30% | 28% | 32% | 27% |
UKW | 58% | 52% | 50% | 52% | 56% | 53% | |
Med1 | 62% | 69% | 73% | 72% | 71% | 70% | |
CC-Blocker | Paper | 19% | 21% | 22% | 19% | 21% | 20% |
UKW | 27% | 24% | 24% | 25% | 28% | 26% | |
Med1 | 27% | 30% | 33% | 34% | 36% | 33% | |
ACE inhibitors | Paper | 26% | 30% | 29% | 29% | 33% | 30% |
UKW | 49% | 46% | 42% | 44% | 46% | 45% | |
Med1 | 51% | 57% | 56% | 57% | 55% | 56% | |
ARB | Paper | 11% | 15% | 15% | 20% | 22% | 17% |
UKW | 10% | 11% | 13% | 14% | 16% | 14% | |
Med1 | 11% | 14% | 16% | 19% | 20% | 17% |
Finding | Rep. | |
---|---|---|
Main findings
| ||
1 | Any antihypertensive drug increased | (Yes) |
Other findings
| ||
2 | diuretics remained the most commonly used antihypertensive drug class | No |
3 | more than one third of hypertensive adults reported taking diuretics | Yes |
4 | Use of thiazide diuretics accounted for three fourths of all diuretic use. | No |
5 | The prevalence of thiazide diuretic use increased slightly | Yes |
6 | The overall prevalence of use of β-blockers increased | Yes |
7 | Approximately 20% use CCBs in each survey period | Yes |
8 | the use of CCBs remained relatively constant | Yes |
9 | ACE inhibitors were the second most commonly used antihypertensive drug class | No |
10 | The use of ACE inhibitors increased significantly overall. | No |
11 | The use of ARB increased significantly | Yes |
<130 | [130−139] | [140−149] | [150−159] | ≥160 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Paper | 32% | 26% | 19% | 9% | 15% |
UKW | 23% | 12% | 11% | 10% | 45% |
Med1 | 25% | 13% | 11% | 9% | 42% |
Finding | Rep. | |
---|---|---|
Main finding
| ||
1 | BP control widely varied among this medication-treated group of patients. | Yes |
Other findings
| ||
2 | ACEI use was significantly more likely in patients with SBP <130 compared with those with BP ≥160. | No |
3 | The use of CCBs was less likely among those with SBP <130, but more likely among those with SBP ≥160 | Yes |
SBP | Thiazide | β-Blocker | CCB | ACEI | ARB | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<130 | Paper | 25,1% | 20,4% | 20,0% | 31,1% | 21,1% |
UKW | 14,3% | 61,7% | 27,3% | 38,6% | 21,4% | |
Med1 | 15,5% | 67,0% | 30,8% | 38,0% | 23,1% | |
[130-139] | Paper | 27,8% | 17,2% | 23,1% | 29,7% | 22,3% |
UKW | 14,9% | 54,7% | 35,4% | 42,9% | 24,2% | |
Med1 | 13,3% | 61,9% | 40,7% | 44,2% | 27,4% | |
[140-149] | Paper | 24,7% | 17,8% | 23,7% | 27,7% | 22,5% |
UKW | 17,2% | 52,4% | 33,1% | 44,1% | 24,8% | |
Med1 | 17,0% | 67,0% | 41,5% | 45,7% | 34,0% | |
[150-159] | Paper | 25,4% | 17,9% | 24,9% | 25,6% | 23,0% |
UKW | 22,9% | 52,7% | 38,9% | 48,9% | 23,7% | |
Med1 | 22,9% | 61,4% | 48,2% | 54,2% | 21,7% | |
≥160 | Paper | 26,0% | 20,6% | 26,0% | 25,4% | 20,5% |
UKW | 22,9% | 51,4% | 37,0% | 52,1% | 23,4% | |
Med1 | 16,5% | 57,4% | 41,2% | 51,6% | 23,9% |
Chronic kidney disease
Overall | No CKD | Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | Stage 4 | Stage 5 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | |||||||
Paper | 1380 | 1122 | 144 | 159 | 258 | 32 | 16 |
UKW | 35636 | 20314 | 34 | 4725 | 7659 | 1671 | 1603 |
Med1 | 13461 | 6452 | * | 2264 | 3319 | 735 | 766 |
DM medication | |||||||
Paper | 83% | 81% | 84% | 89% | 84% | 94% | 77% |
UKW | 60% | 59% | 59% | 69% | 62% | 55% | 44% |
Med1 | 71% | 69% | * | 79% | 72% | 69% | 61% |
Insulin | |||||||
Paper | 19% | 15% | 16% | 28% | 24% | 38% | 63% |
UKW | 26% | 24% | 24% | 23% | 30% | 38% | 35% |
Med1 | 38% | 39% | * | 28% | 39% | 52% | 51% |
Oral antidiabetes medication | |||||||
Paper | 75% | 75% | 81% | 77% | 72% | 69% | 44% |
UKW | 46% | 47% | 41% | 59% | 46% | 28% | 13% |
Med1 | 51% | 50% | * | 69% | 52% | 31% | 16% |
Biguanides | |||||||
Paper | 56% | 62% | 68% | 55% | 36% | 4% | 3% |
UKW | 32% | 34% | 26% | 48% | 27% | 7% | 1% |
Med1 | 34% | 33% | * | 57% | 32% | 6% | 0% |
Sulfonylureas | |||||||
Paper | 35% | 31% | 44% | 42% | 42% | 56% | 15% |
UKW | 8% | 7% | 9% | 10% | 10% | 7% | 2% |
Med1 | 7% | 6% | * | 11% | 9% | 7% | 2% |
DPP-4 inhibitors | |||||||
Paper | 7% | 7% | 4% | 8% | 8% | 23% | 7% |
UKW | 12% | 11% | 24% | 14% | 17% | 13% | 7% |
Med1 | 17% | 15% | * | 19% | 20% | 17% | 10% |
Finding | Rep. | |
---|---|---|
Main findings: The use of antidiabetic and antihypertensive medications generally followed treatment guideline recommendations: | ||
1 | The use of metformin was significantly limited with increasing CKD severity | Yes |
2 | The use of insulin increased sharply in severe CKD stages | Yes |
3 | Antihypertensive medications were used extensively | Yes |
4 | The level of RAAS inhibitor (including ACE inhibitors and ARBs) use was consistent, even in patients without CKD and with mild-to-moderate CKD | Yes |
5 | Use of thiazide diuretics was more prevalent than other diuretic agents with mild-to-moderate CKD | Yes |
6 | Thiazide diuretics were replaced by loop diuretics among those with moderate CKD to kidney failure | Yes |
Other findings
| ||
Antidiabetes medications:
| ||
7 | Overall, 83.1% of individuals with T2DM received antidiabetic medications | No |
8 | The use of insulin, biguanide (metformin), and sulfonylurea (SU) was significantly different between patients without CKD, those with mild-to-moderate CKD, and those with moderate CKD to kidney failure | Yes |
9 | The use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors was similar | Yes |
10 | The use of sulfonylurea (SU)s increased in later CKD stages (3b and 4) | No |
11 | Sulfonylurea SU use dropped in CKD stage 5 | Yes |
Antihypertensive medications:
| ||
12 | Overall, 75.7% of individuals with T2DM received antihypertensive medications | Yes |
13 | Use was extensive in those with CKD stage 2 or higher | Yes |
14 | Fewer than two-thirds were taking some form of RAAS inhibitor | (Yes) |
15 | There was a difference in the use of ACE inhibitors and ARBs between patients without CKD, those with mild-to-moderate CKD, and those with moderate CKD to kidney failure | Yes |
16 | The use of β-blockers, diuretics, and CCBs was statistically different | Yes |
17 | ARBs appeared to be more commonly used in stages 3a–4 | Yes |
18 | The use of β-blocker and CCBs trended upward with increasing CKD severity | (Yes) |
19 | Diuretic use also increased from stage 1 through stage 4, but sharply fell in stage 5 | Yes |
20 | Dhiazide diuretics were more commonly used by individuals without CKD or with mild-to-moderate CKD compared with other diuretic subclasses | Yes |
21 | In later CKD stages, the dominance of thiazide diuretics was replaced with loop diuretics | Yes |
22 | β-Blocker use increased with stages 4 and 5 CKD | No |
Overall | No N18 | Stage 1 | Stage 2 | Stage 3 | Stage 4 | Stage 5 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | |||||||
Paper | 1380 | 1122 | 144 | 159 | 258 | 32 | 16 |
UKW | 10314 | 15315 | 34 | 4723 | 7656 | 1671 | 1601 |
Med1 | 6452 | 7009 | * | 2266 | 3319 | 734 | 765 |
Hypertension medication | |||||||
Paper | 76% | 69% | 63% | 90% | 92% | 100% | 97% |
UKW | 77% | 68% | 71% | 89% | 90% | 89% | 79% |
Med1 | 85% | 75% | * | 96% | 96% | 96% | 90% |
Diuretics | |||||||
Paper | 36% | 30% | 22% | 42% | 58% | 76% | 34% |
UKW | 53% | 39% | 56% | 60% | 76% | 82% | 64% |
Med1 | 63% | 47% | * | 65% | 84% | 90% | 76% |
Thiazide diuretics | |||||||
Paper | 24% | 23% | 18% | 24% | 30% | 33% | 0% |
UKW | 14% | 13% | 24% | 22% | 15% | 10% | 2% |
Med1 | 12% | 10% | * | 23% | 14% | 7% | 1% |
Loop diuretics | |||||||
Paper | 14% | 7% | 3% | 21% | 31% | 54% | 34% |
UKW | 40% | 26% | 41% | 40% | 64% | 78% | 63% |
Med1 | 51% | 36% | * | 43% | 74% | 88% | 74% |
Potassium-sparing diuretics | |||||||
Paper | 6% | 6% | 1% | 4% | 7% | 8% | 9% |
UKW | 11% | 8% | 6% | 14% | 20% | 14% | 6% |
Med1 | 16% | 11% | * | 18% | 27% | 16% | 9% |
β-blockers | |||||||
Paper | 31% | 24% | 15% | 45% | 46% | 76% | 82% |
UKW | 52% | 43% | 38% | 62% | 66% | 68% | 58% |
Med1 | 64% | 52% | * | 74% | 77% | 78% | 71% |
CC-Blocker | |||||||
Paper | 20% | 15% | 13% | 37% | 25% | 33% | 57% |
UKW | 29% | 24% | 29% | 33% | 35% | 43% | 37% |
Med1 | 34% | 28% | * | 36% | 39% | 50% | 45% |
ACE inhibitors | |||||||
Paper | 40% | 38% | 43% | 51% | 42% | 28% | 41% |
UKW | 38% | 35% | 41% | 50% | 44% | 34% | 27% |
Med1 | 43% | 38% | * | 56% | 48% | 37% | 32% |
ARB | |||||||
Paper | 22% | 19% | 11% | 25% | 32% | 35% | 16% |
UKW | 19% | 16% | 18% | 24% | 26% | 25% | 15% |
Med1 | 24% | 19% | * | 30% | 32% | 32% | 18% |
RAAS | |||||||
UKW | 58% | 52% | 59% | 74% | 69% | 59% | 42% |
Med1 | 68% | 58% | * | 86% | 80% | 68% | 50% |
Atrial fibrillation
Finding | Rep. | |
---|---|---|
Main findings
| ||
1 | since 2010, more incident AF patients were initiated on OAC treatment | Yes |
2 | NOACs have replaced VKA as the OAC of choice in AF | Yes |
Other results
| ||
3 | OAC initiation rates among the incident AF patients decreased from January 2005 to December 2009 | Yes |
4 | From 2010, more patients were initiated on OAC therapy | Yes |
5 | From 2011, more prevalent AF patients were treated with an OAC | Yes |
6 | From 2011, a decreasing proportion of the newly diagnosed AF patients was initiated on VKA | Yes |
7 | This decrease in VKA initiation was followed by a rapid increase in NOAC initiation | Yes |
Finding | Rep. | |
---|---|---|
Main findings
| ||
1 | The absolute number of patients initiating OAC has increased among patients aged <65, 65 to 74, and ≥85 years | yes |
2 | The utilization of VKAs has decreased since the introduction of NOACs | yes |
3 | From 2014 [to 2015] the utilization of dabigatran has decreased, especially among patients aged ≥85 years | yes |
4 | Apixaban has increased significantly and was the most used NOAC drug among patients aged ≥85 years | (yes) |
Other results
| ||
5 | For patients aged 75 to 84 years, number of patients initiating OAC treatment stayed approximately the same | no |
6 | The utilization of dabigatran increased within a couple of months since its introduction to the market | yes |
7 | A fairly constant level of dabigatran utilization was seen from December 2011 of approximately 40% | no |
8 | Rivaroxaban has steadily increased usage and at study end 29% | yes |
VKA | Dabigatran | Rivaroxaban | Apixaban | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | Paper | 42% | 29% | 13% | 16% |
UKW_11 | 66% | 8% | 22% | 6% | |
UKW_16 | 48% | 9% | 26% | 19% | |
Males (%) | Paper | 57% | 55% | 50% | 50% |
UKW_11 | 59% | 62% | 61% | 63% | |
UKW_16 | 61% | 66% | 62% | 58% | |
Age <65 | Paper | 22% | 24% | 17% | 15% |
UKW_11 | 12% | 21% | 25% | 17% | |
UKW_16 | 10% | 9% | 21% | 15% | |
Age 65 to 74 | Paper | 33% | 35% | 33% | 31% |
UKW_11 | 28% | 29% | 28% | 22% | |
UKW_16 | 25% | 25% | 29% | 25% | |
Age 75 to 84 | Paper | 31% | 28% | 29% | 31% |
UKW_11 | 45% | 35% | 34% | 40% | |
UKW_16 | 46% | 49% | 36% | 42% | |
Age ≥85 | Paper | 13% | 13% | 21% | 22% |
UKW_11 | 15% | 15% | 13% | 21% | |
UKW_16 | 19% | 17% | 14% | 18% |
VKA | Dabigatran | Rivaroxaban | Apixaban | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stroke | Paper | 15% | 15% | 18% | 21% |
UKW_11 | 2% | 13% | 5% | 13% | |
UKW_16 | 3% | 26% | 3% | 2% | |
Myocardial infarction | Paper | 11% | 7% | 6% | 7% |
UKW_11 | 3% | 1% | 2% | 1% | |
UKW_16 | 2% | 2% | 4% | 1% | |
Ischemic heart disease | Paper | 26% | 20% | 20% | 21% |
UKW_11 | 32% | 26% | 23% | 31% | |
UKW_16 | 29% | 29% | 31% | 30% | |
Heart failure | Paper | 19% | 14% | 15% | 16% |
UKW_11 | 31% | 25% | 26% | 34% | |
UKW_16 | 35% | 26% | 31% | 38% | |
Diabetes mellitus | Paper | 14% | 11% | 12% | 13% |
UKW_11 | 32% | 22% | 22% | 28% | |
UKW_16 | 32% | 24% | 23% | 29% | |
Hypertension | Paper | 47% | 44% | 44% | 43% |
UKW_11 | 69% | 68% | 63% | 67% | |
UKW_16 | 67% | 71% | 61% | 64% | |
Chronic kidney disease | Paper | 8% | 2% | 4% | 5% |
UKW_11 | 58% | 54% | 49% | 51% | |
UKW_16 | 49% | 43% | 46% | 49% |
VKA | Dabigatran | Rivaroxaban | Apixaban | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ADP receptor antagonists | Paper | 10% | 8% | 10% | 11% |
UKW_11 | 4% | 8% | 3% | 4% | |
UKW_16 | 5% | 10% | 11% | 3% | |
ASS | Paper | 43% | 38% | 38% | 36% |
UKW_11 | 11% | 15% | 13% | 11% | |
UKW_16 | 9% | 15% | 11% | 8% | |
Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs | Paper | 15% | 15% | 14% | 14% |
UKW_11 | 6% | 5% | 5% | 3% | |
UKW_16 | 8% | 9% | 8% | 5% | |
Loop diuretics | Paper | 22% | 15% | 18% | 19% |
UKW_11 | 59% | 42% | 42% | 52% | |
UKW_16 | 60% | 40% | 41% | 54% | |
Beta-blockers | Paper | 45% | 38% | 39% | 37% |
UKW_11 | 77% | 76% | 77% | 78% | |
UKW_16 | 77% | 72% | 75% | 76% | |
Calcium channel blockers | Paper | 29% | 26% | 27% | 26% |
UKW_11 | 32% | 29% | 30% | 30% | |
UKW_16 | 32% | 33% | 29% | 28% | |
Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors | Paper | 43% | 42% | 41% | 43% |
UKW_11 | 46% | 40% | 38% | 42% | |
UKW_16 | 39% | 42% | 35% | 38% |
Paper topic | Ref | Main finding | Sub finding | Overall |
---|---|---|---|---|
HT: Trends | [13] | 50% | 50% | 50% |
HT: SBP | [14] | 100% | 50% | 67% |
CKD & T2DM | [5] | 75% | 75% | 82% |
AF Trend 2005-2015 | [3] | 100% | 100% | 100% |
AF: Characteristics & Brands | [4] | 88% | 50% | 69% |
Overall
|
93%
|
68%
|
75%
|
d. u. | 10 mg | 15 mg | 20 mg | 50 mg |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0,9% | 26,6% | 67,4% | 0,5% |
1,5 | 0,0% | 0,0% | 0,0% | 0,0% |
2 | 1,4% | 1,4% | 1,4% | 0,0% |
3 | 0,0% | 0,0% | 0,5% | 0,0% |
Sum | 2,3% | 28,0% | 69,3% | 0,5% |
d. u. | 2,5 mg | 5 mg |
---|---|---|
1 | 3,7% | 3,2% |
1,5 | 0,0% | 0,0% |
2 | 43,2% | 49,5% |
3 | 0,0% | 0,5% |
Sum | 46,8% | 53,2% |
Daily units | 10 mg | 75 mg | 110 mg | 150 mg |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0,0% | 1,1% | 5,6% | 3,3% |
1,5 | 0,0% | 0,0% | 0,0% | 0,0% |
2 | 1,1% | 3,9% | 51,1% | 33,3% |
3 | 0,0% | 0,0% | 0,6% | 0,0% |
Sum | 1,1% | 5,0% | 57,2% | 36,7% |