Background
Methods
Dependent variable
Independent variables
Statistical methods
Explanatory variables | Poor self-rated health in 2008 | |
---|---|---|
ORs (95% CI) | ||
Generalized trust | Always trusts others | 1.0 |
Intermittent trust | 1.42 (1.22-1.67) | |
Never trusts others | 1.87 (1.59-2.19) | |
Social participation: Membership of local voluntary groups | Always active member | 1.0 |
Intermittent member | 1.11 (0.96-1.28) | |
Never active member | 1.12 (0.96-1.31) | |
Age (years) | 16–34 | 1.0 |
35–44 | 1.37 (1.14-1.65) | |
45–54 | 1.77 (1.47-2.13) | |
55–64 | 1.37 (1.13-1.67) | |
65 + | 1.41 (1.12-1.79) | |
Gender | Male | 1.0 |
Female | 0.76 (0.67-0.85) | |
Household income -size weighted | Per £1000 increase | 1.00 ( 1.00-1.00) |
Employment status | Employed | 1.0 |
Full time student | 1.16 (0.97-1.39) | |
Retired | 1.85 (1.53-2.25) | |
Unemployed | 3.07 (2.55-3.69) | |
Highest education achieved | Undergraduate or higher | 1.0 |
Year 13 | 1.13 (0.94-1.35) | |
Year 11 | 1.03 (0.87-1.22) | |
No formal qualifications | 1.60 (1.33-1.92) | |
Smoking status | Never a smoker | 1.0 |
Intermittent smoker | 1.49 (1.24-1.80) | |
Always a smoker | 1.49 (1.29-1.72) |
Explanatory variables | Poor self-rated health in 2008 | |
---|---|---|
ORs (95% CI) | ||
Generalized trust–between HHs | Mean value Traditional (contextual) ML design | 1.29 (1.21-1.37) |
Generalized trust–within HHs | Difference from the Mean Family-based design (compositional) | 1.11 (1.02-1.20) |
Social participation–between HHs | Mean value Traditional (contextual) ML design | 1.07 (0.97-1.18) |
Social participation–within HHs | Difference from the Mean Family-based design (compositional) | 0.97 (0.89-1.06) |
Age (years) | 16–34 | 1.0 |
35–44 | 1.39 (1.15-1.67) | |
45–54 | 1.80 (1.49-2.17) | |
55–64 | 1.41 (1.16-1.72) | |
65 + | 1.48 (1.16-1.88) | |
Gender | Male | 1.0 |
Female | 0.76 (0.68-0.86) | |
Household income–size weighted | Per £1000 increase | 0.99 (0.99-1.00) |
Employment status | Employed | 1.0 |
Full time student | 1.16 (0.97-1.40) | |
Retired | 1.84 (1.52-2.24) | |
Unemployed | 3.02 (2.51-3.64) | |
Education achieved | Undergraduate or higher | 1.0 |
Year 13 | 1.11 (0.93-1.32) | |
Year 11 | 1.00 (0.84-1.18) | |
No formal qualifications | 1.52 (1.26-1.83) | |
Smoking status | Never a smoker | 1.0 |
Intermittent smoker | 1.47 (1.22-1.76) | |
Always a smoker | 1.46 (1.26-1.69) |
Results
Self-rated health | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Explanatory variables | Good | Poor | Total (NT) | |
Generalized trust | Always trusts others | 1380 | 330 | 1710 |
28.2%
|
15.8%
|
24.5%
| ||
Intermittent trust | 1766 | 711 | 2477 | |
36.1%
|
34.1%
|
35.5%
| ||
Never trusts others | 1750 | 1045 | 2795 | |
35.7%
|
50.1%
|
40.0%
| ||
Total | 4896 | 2086 | 6982 | |
100.0%
|
100.0%
|
100.0%
| ||
Social Participation: Active member of local groups, organisations or group leisure activities | Active participation | 1341 | 470 | 1811 |
27.4%
|
22.5%
|
25.9%
| ||
Intermittent participation | 2039 | 840 | 2879 | |
41.6%
|
40.3%
|
41.2%
| ||
Zero participation | 1516 | 776 | 2292 | |
21.7%
|
11.1%
|
32.8%
| ||
Total | 4896 | 2086 | 6982 | |
100.0%
|
100.0%
|
100.0%
| ||
Gender | Male | 2221 | 942 | 3163 |
45.4%
|
45.3%
|
45.3%
| ||
Female | 2675 | 1144 | 3819 | |
54.6%
|
54.8%
|
54.7%
| ||
Total | 4896 | 2086 | 6982 | |
100.0%
|
100.0%
|
100.0%
| ||
Age | 16–34 | 1006 | 317 | 1323 |
20.5%
|
15.2%
|
18.9%
| ||
35–44 | 1190 | 391 | 1581 | |
24.3%
|
18.7%
|
22.6%
| ||
45–54 | 1031 | 445 | 1476 | |
21.1%
|
21.3%
|
21.1%
| ||
55–64 | 873 | 412 | 1285 | |
17.8%
|
19.8%
|
18.4%
| ||
65+ | 796 | 521 | 1317 | |
16.3%
|
25.0%
|
18.9%
| ||
Total | 4896 | 2086 | 6982 | |
100.0%
|
100.0%
|
100.0%
| ||
Employment status | Employed | 3071 | 884 | 3955 |
62.7%
|
42.4%
|
56.6%
| ||
Full time student | 630 | 221 | 851 | |
12.9%
|
10.6%
|
12.2%
| ||
Retired | 849 | 556 | 1405 | |
17.3%
|
26.7%
|
20.1%
| ||
Unemployed | 346 | 425 | 771 | |
7.1%
|
20.4%
|
11.0%
| ||
Total | 4896 | 2086 | 6982 | |
100.0%
|
100.0%
|
100.0%
| ||
Highest education achieved a
| Undergraduate or higher | 1304 | 327 | 1631 |
26.9%
|
15.9%
|
23.6%
| ||
Year 13 | 1032 | 364 | 1396 | |
21.3%
|
17.7%
|
20.2%
| ||
Year 12 | 1583 | 594 | 2117 | |
32.7%
|
28.8%
|
31.6%
| ||
No formal qualifications | 921 | 775 | 1696 | |
19.0%
|
37.6%
|
24.6%
| ||
Total | 4840 | 2060 | 6900 | |
100.0%
|
100.0%
|
100.0%
| ||
Smoking status | Never smokes | 3733 | 1374 | 5107 |
76.2%
|
65.9%
|
73.1%
| ||
Intermittent smoker | 432 | 233 | 665 | |
8.8%
|
11.2%
|
9.5%
| ||
Always smokes | 731 | 479 | 1210 | |
14.9%
|
23.0%
|
17.3%
| ||
Total | 4896 | 2086 | 6982 | |
100.0%
|
100.0%
|
100.%
| ||
Household income (annual, size-weighted) | < £ 30,818 | 110 | 646 | 1746 |
22.5%
|
31.0%
|
25.0%
| ||
£30,819–£54,107 | 1125 | 620 | 1745 | |
23.0%
|
29.7%
|
25.0%
| ||
£54,108–£86,659 | 1225 | 490 | 1745 | |
25.6%
|
23.5%
|
25.0%
| ||
£86,660 + | 1416 | 330 | 1746 | |
28.9%
|
15.8%
|
25.0%
| ||
Total | 4896 | 2086 | 6982 | |
100.0%
|
100.0%
|
100.0%
|
Number of households | ||
---|---|---|
Number of individuals per household
| 1 | 1378 |
2 | 2385 | |
3 | 241 | |
4 | 25 | |
5 | 1 | |
6 | 1 | |
Total | 4031 |
No difference in levels of trust | Different levels of trust |
Total
| |
---|---|---|---|
No difference in SRH | 2106 | 966 | 3072 |
52.2%
|
24.0%
|
76.2%
| |
Difference in SRH | 364 | 595 | 959 |
9.0%
|
14.8%
|
23.8%
| |
Total
| 2470 | 1561 | 4031 |
61.3%
|
38.7%
|
100.0%
|
No difference in exposure of participation | Difference in exposure of participation |
Total
| |
---|---|---|---|
No difference in exposure of SRH | 2080 | 384 | 2464 |
51.6%
|
9.5%
|
61.1%
| |
Difference in exposure of SRH | 992 | 575 | 1567 |
24.6%
|
14.3%
|
38.9%
| |
Total
| 3072 | 959 | 4031 |
76.2%
|
23.8%
|
100.0%
|