Background
Study purpose
Methods
Study design and the two counties chosen for study
County | Yunlin (industrialized county) | Yilan (reference county) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Area (km2)a
| 1290.835 | 2143.625 | ||||||
Year | 1996–1998 | 1999–2002 | 2002–2004 | 2005–2007 | 1996–1998 | 1999–2002 | 2002–2004 | 2005–2007 |
Population (person)a
| 752,427 | 746,241 | 742,797 | 725,672 | 465,120 | 465,004 | 464,107 | 460,398 |
Number of large manufacturingb
| 35 | 42 | 48 | 42 | 22 | 21 | 25 | 22 |
Agricultural land (Hectare)c
| 112,870 | 112,364 | 111,992 | 112,550 | 58,265 | 158,641 | 164,438 | 200,826 |
Number of doctors (/1000 people)a
| 0.66 | 0.71 | 0.76 | 0.92 | 0.86 | 1.00 | 1.12 | 1.19 |
Number of hospital (/1000 people)a
| 0.031 | 0.032 | 0.029 | 0.026 | 0.030 | 0.032 | 0.026 | 0.026 |
Life expectancy at birth | 74.05 | 74.88 | 75.51 | 76.16 | 74.84 | 75.8 | 76.88 | 77.65 |
Life expectancy at 5 years old | 69.74 | 70.52 | 71.12 | 71.69 | 70.62 | 71.51 | 72.59 | 73.31 |
Life expectancy at 65 years old | 15.98 | 16.63 | 17.17 | 17.78 | 16.59 | 17.05 | 17.94 | 18.64 |
Mortality rate (/10000) | 671.41 | 611.04 | 681.14 | 751.94 | 698.77 | 684.57 | 695.4 | 744.42 |
Data sources
Analysis
Results
Life expectancy discrepancies between counties
Life expectancy at birth | All | Male | Female | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimates |
p-value | Estimates |
p-value | Estimates |
p-value | |
Intercept | 73.8682*** | < .0001 | 70.7387*** | < .0001 | 77.5950*** | < .0001 |
County | 0.6765*** | < .0001 | 0.8388*** | 0.0003 | 0.6056*** | 0.0003 |
Year | 0.2329*** | < .0001 | 0.1877*** | < .0001 | 0.3045*** | < .0001 |
County*Year | 0.0843*** | < .0001 | 0.1229*** | 0.0004 | 0.0050 | 0.8130 |
Life expectancy at age 5 | ||||||
Intercept | 69.5763*** | < .0001 | 66.4387*** | < .0001 | 73.3118*** | < .0001 |
County | 0.7546*** | < .0001 | 0.9750*** | < .0001 | 0.6094*** | 0.0007 |
Year | 0.2164*** | < .0001 | 0.1677*** | < .0001 | 0.2926*** | < .0001 |
County*Year | 0.0883*** | < .0001 | 0.1273*** | < .0001 | 0.0095 | 0.6880 |
Life expectancy at age 65 | ||||||
Intercept | 15.7964*** | < .0001 | 14.2856*** | < .0001 | 17.2277*** | < .0001 |
County | 0.4633*** | < .0001 | 0.7333*** | < .0001 | 0.5823*** | < .0001 |
Year | 0.1981*** | < .0001 | 0.1569*** | < .0001 | 0.2436*** | < .0001 |
County*Year | 0.0368*** | 0.0070 | 0.0573*** | < .0001 | 0.0009 | 0.9576 |
Period | All | Male | Female | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Difference Mean | ( SD) |
p-value | Difference Mean | ( SD) |
p-value | Difference Mean | ( SD) |
p-value | |
Life expectancy at birth
| |||||||||
Pre-industrialisation | 0.79* | (0.24) | 0.02 | 0.83* | (0.25) | 0.02 | 0.85* | (0.25) | 0.01 |
Short-term industrialisation | 0.92 | (0.45) | 0.07 | 1.43* | (0.49) | 0.02 | 0.27 | (0.39) | 0.45 |
Intermittent industrialisation | 1.37** | (0.18) | <0.01 | 1.88*** | (0.10) | <.0001 | 0.66 | (0.35) | 0.08 |
Long-term industrialisation | 1.49* | (0.33) | 0.01 | 1.93* | (0.35) | <0.01 | 0.76* | (0.30) | 0.03 |
Life expectancy at age 5
| |||||||||
Pre-industrialisation | 0.89* | (0.89) | 0.02 | 1.01* | (0.27) | 0.01 | 0.84* | (0.27) | 0.02 |
Short-term industrialisation | 0.99* | (0.39) | 0.03 | 1.51* | (0.41) | 0.01 | 0.33 | (0.36) | 0.33 |
Intermittent industrialisation | 1.47** | (0.24) | <0.01 | 2.04*** | (0.14) | <.0001 | 0.68 | (0.41) | 0.11 |
Long-term industrialisation | 1.62** | (0.29) | <0.01 | 2.13** | (0.29) | <0.01 | 0.81** | (0.28) | 0.02 |
Life expectancy at age 65
| |||||||||
Pre-industrialisation | 0.61* | (0.22) | 0.03 | 0.85** | (0.18) | <0.01 | 0.75* | (0.27) | 0.03 |
Short-term industrialisation | 0.42 | (0.24) | 0.10 | 0.84* | (0.25) | 0.01 | 0.30 | (0.25) | 0.21 |
Intermittent industrialisation | 0.77* | (0.26) | 0.02 | 1.16** | (0.19) | <0.01 | 0.68* | (0.33) | 0.07 |
Long-term industrialisation | 0.86** | (0.18) | <0.01 | 1.33** | (0.14) | <0.01 | 0.62* | (0.21) | 0.02 |
Life expectancy and gender differences
Per capita income between counties
Period | Per capita income | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yilan | Yulan | Difference mean | SD | p-value | |
Pre-industrialisation | 189,408 | 179,850 | 9,558 | 13,614 | 0.44 |
Short-term industrialisation | 219,520 | 219,743 | −222 | 11,229 | 0.98 |
Intermittent industrialisation | 205,701 | 200,526 | 5,175 | 4,379 | 0.22 |
Long-term industrialisation | 231,497 | 219,722 | 11,775 | 8,579 | 0.17 |