Introduction
Background and rationale
What are conversion therapy and SOGIECE?
The prevalence of SOGIECE:
The effects of SOGIECE:
Study aim and research question:
Definitions:
Sexual orientation | “a person’s capacity for profound emotional, affectional, and sexual attraction to, and intimate and sexual relations with, individuals of the same gender, of a different gender, or of more than one gender” [11] |
Gender identity | “a person’s deeply felt internal and individual experience of gender including the personal sense of the body. Gender identity may be completely male or female or may lie outside the male/female binary” [11] |
Gender expression | “a person’s desired external appearance as it relates to social expectations and norms of femininity and masculinity” [11] |
Conversion therapy | “any treatment, practice, or sustained effort that aims to repress, discourage, or change a person’s sexual orientation, gender identity, gender modality, gender expression, or any behaviours associated with a gender other than the person’s sex assigned at birth or that aims to alter an intersex trait without adequate justification” [11] |
Sexual orientation and gender identity change efforts | SOGIECE are related to conversion therapy in that both sets of practices aim to repress, discourage, or change one’s gender identity, gender expression, and/or sexual orientation; however, SOGIECE additionally include less well defined and advertised practices, which in some cases may not be sustained (e.g., single sessions/conversations) [2, 22, 23] |
Methods
Protocol and study team
Eligibility criteria
Information sources
Search strategy
SOGIECE-related concept | SOGIECE keyword search terms (combined using OR Boolean)* | SGM keyword search terms (combined using OR Boolean)* | SGM indexed search terms |
---|---|---|---|
Set A: concept of “conversion” | “conversion therap*” “conversion effort*” “conversion practice*” | Bisexual* homosexual* “men who have sex with men” sexual orient* “women who have sex with women” sexual minorit* (gay* or lesbian*) (GLB* or LGB*) queer* two spirit (nonheterosexual* or non-heterosexual*) transgender* “gender divers*” “gender creative” (non-binary AND gender) genderqueer genderfluid “trans wom*” “trans m*” transwom* transm* “gender affirmation” (mtf or ftm) (transfeminine or transmasculine) “sex* reassignment” (gender identity disorder or GID) transsex* transex* gender dysphori* | exp *bisexuality/ exp *homosexuality/ exp *“Sexual and Gender Minorities”/ exp *“Transgender Persons”/ |
Set B: concept of “repair” | “reparative therap*” “reparative effort *” “reparative practice *” | ||
Set C: concept of “reorientation” | “reorientation therap*” “sexual reorientation” “gender reorientation” “gender identity reorientation” | ||
Set D: concept of “change efforts” | “sexual orientation change” “gender identity change” “gender expression change” “psychological attempts to change a person’s gender identity from transgender to cisgender” PACGI | ||
Set E: others | “ex-gay” “gender acceptance therap*” “reintegrative therap*” “gay cure therap*” “sexual attraction fluidity exploration” |