Globally, the inadequate consumption of fruit and vegetables continues to pose a public health challenge. In many countries worldwide, recommendations for fruit and vegetable consumption are not met [ 1 , 2 ], indicating concerning patterns in …

Today there are some 1 billion migrants globally, about 1 in 8 of the global population, whose well-being is strongly related to the social determinants including education [ 1 ]. To have a positive school experience, immigrant children and …

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are among the most complex health problems of the twenty-first century [ 1 ]. HIV/AIDS infection remains a historic public health issue globally, especially in low …

The World Health Organization (WHO) has classified bullying in childhood as a major public health concern [ 1 ] with the negative effects of bullying being poor health, educational or social outcomes felt by both the bullies and the victims [ 2 ].

Academic performance is important both in formal education and for success later in life [ 1 ]. At the individual level, academic performance is affected by several factors and underlying mechanisms, including brain structure and function …

Bullying is an aggressive act or social interaction in which an individual or group with a power advantage repeatedly humiliates or intimidates someone [ 1 ]. There are several types of bullying, traditional bullying (physical, verbal, and …

Tic disorders (TDs) are neurodevelopmental disorders with onset in childhood and adolescence and characterized by irregular, stereotypical motor and/or vocal tics caused by sudden and involuntary contractions of one or more muscles. There are …

School refusal (SR) is a form of school attendance problem (SAP) that requires specific mental health care. Despite improvements in the definition of SAPs, the course of SR is not well characterized. To explore three-year patterns of SR course in …

Problemtic usage of the internet is perhaps one of the most frequently studied phenomena of the 21st century receiving more and more attention in both scientific literature and media. Digitization has become an integral part of our everyday life …

Chronic diseases, or non-communicable diseases (NCD), are conditions of long duration. They are influenced by complex interactions of several variables, including genetic, physiological, environmental, and behavioral factors [ 1 ]. Examples of NCD …

Cannabis is the most often used illegal drug worldwide [ 1 ]. An estimated 192 million people aged 15–64 was using it in 2018 [ 1 ]. Among adolescents aged 15–19 years, the global annual prevalence of cannabis use was 13.8 per cent in 2018, which …

School teachers are often inadequately prepared to use an adrenaline auto-injector (AAI), resulting in potentially dangerous treatment delays. The purpose of this study was to assess the observed competence, and self-reported confidence, of …

The 1986 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion advocated for action on and across five pillars to achieve health for all: building healthy public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening community actions, developing personal skills …

The mental health of children and adolescents is crucial for their overall development. Poor mental health can have varying impacts on their daily lives, academic performance, and prospects, depending on its severity [ 1 ]. Severe cases may even …

Globally, adolescents are developing in an environment of active change that either enables them to thrive or compels them to struggle for their existence [ 1 ]. Literature shows that although adolescents are at higher risk for sexual and …