Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings 4/2014

01.12.2014

A Sequential Examination of Parent–Child Interactions at Anesthetic Induction

verfasst von: Kristi D. Wright, Sherry H. Stewart, G. Allen Finley, Mateen Raazi

Erschienen in: Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings | Ausgabe 4/2014

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Parental presence is often employed to alleviate distress in children within the context of surgery under general anesthesia. The critical component of this intervention may not be the presence of the parent per se, but more importantly the behaviors in which the parent and child engage when the parent is present. The purpose of the current study was to examine the sequential and reciprocal relationships between parental behaviors and child distress during induction of general anesthesia. Participants were 32 children (3–6 years) receiving dental surgery as a day surgery procedure, and their parents. A modified Child Adult Medical Procedures Interaction Scale-Revised was used to code parent and child behaviors. Initial child distress led to increased parental provision of reassurance and decreased provision of physical comfort. Our findings may inform the development of preoperative preparation programs whereby parents can be appropriately educated about what behaviors will be helpful/unhelpful for their child during induction of general anesthesia.
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Bakeman, R., & Gottman, J. M. (1997). Assessing observer agreement (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Bakeman, R., & Gottman, J. M. (1997). Assessing observer agreement (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Blount, R. L., Cohen, L. L., Frank, N. C., Bachanas, P. J., Smith, A. J., Manimala, M. R., et al. (1997). The Child-Adult Medical Procedure Interaction Scale-Revised: An assessment of validity. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 22, 73–88. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/22.1.73.PubMedCrossRef Blount, R. L., Cohen, L. L., Frank, N. C., Bachanas, P. J., Smith, A. J., Manimala, M. R., et al. (1997). The Child-Adult Medical Procedure Interaction Scale-Revised: An assessment of validity. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 22, 73–88. doi:10.​1093/​jpepsy/​22.​1.​73.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Blount, R.L., Corbin, S.M., Sturges, J.W., Wolfe, V.V., Prater, J.M., & James, L.D. (1989). The relationship between adults’ behavior and child coping and distress during BMA/LP procedures: A sequential analysis. Behavior Therapy, 20, 585–601. doi:10.1016/s0005-7894(89)80136-4. Blount, R.L., Corbin, S.M., Sturges, J.W., Wolfe, V.V., Prater, J.M., & James, L.D. (1989). The relationship between adults’ behavior and child coping and distress during BMA/LP procedures: A sequential analysis. Behavior Therapy, 20, 585–601. doi:10.​1016/​s0005-7894(89)80136-4.
Zurück zum Zitat Blount, R. L., Landolf-Fritsche, B., Powers, S. W., & Sturges, J. W. (1991). Differences between high and low coping children and between parent and staff behaviors during painful medical procedures. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 16, 795–809. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/16.6.795.PubMedCrossRef Blount, R. L., Landolf-Fritsche, B., Powers, S. W., & Sturges, J. W. (1991). Differences between high and low coping children and between parent and staff behaviors during painful medical procedures. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 16, 795–809. doi:10.​1093/​jpepsy/​16.​6.​795.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Blount, R.L., Sturges, J.W., & Powers, S.W. (1990). Analysis of child and adult behavioral variations by phase of medical procedure. Behavior Therapy, 21, 33–48. doi:10.1016/S0005-7894(05)80187-X. Blount, R.L., Sturges, J.W., & Powers, S.W. (1990). Analysis of child and adult behavioral variations by phase of medical procedure. Behavior Therapy, 21, 33–48. doi:10.​1016/​S0005-7894(05)80187-X.
Zurück zum Zitat Caldwell-Andrews, A.A., Blount, R.L., Mayes, L.C., & Kain, Z.N. (2005). Behavioral interactions in the perioperative environment: A new conceptual framework and the development of the Perioperative Child-Adult Medical procedure Interaction Scale. Anesthesiology, 103, 1130–1135. doi:10.1097/00000542-200512000-00005. Caldwell-Andrews, A.A., Blount, R.L., Mayes, L.C., & Kain, Z.N. (2005). Behavioral interactions in the perioperative environment: A new conceptual framework and the development of the Perioperative Child-Adult Medical procedure Interaction Scale. Anesthesiology, 103, 1130–1135. doi:10.​1097/​00000542-200512000-00005.
Zurück zum Zitat Chambers, C. T. (2003). The role of family factors in pediatric pain. In P. J. McGrath & G. A. Finley (Eds.), Context of Pediatric Pain: Biology, Family, Culture (pp. 99–130). Seattle: IASP Press. Chambers, C. T. (2003). The role of family factors in pediatric pain. In P. J. McGrath & G. A. Finley (Eds.), Context of Pediatric Pain: Biology, Family, Culture (pp. 99–130). Seattle: IASP Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Cheong, Y.P., Park, S.K., Son, Y., Lee, K.C., Song, Y.K., Yoon, J.S., & Kim, T.Y. (1999). Comparison of incidence of gastroesophageal reflux and regurgitation associated with timing of removal of the laryngeal mask airway: on appearance of signs of rejection versus after recovery of consciousness. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia, 11, 657–662. doi:10.1016/s0952-8180(99)00117-8. Cheong, Y.P., Park, S.K., Son, Y., Lee, K.C., Song, Y.K., Yoon, J.S., & Kim, T.Y. (1999). Comparison of incidence of gastroesophageal reflux and regurgitation associated with timing of removal of the laryngeal mask airway: on appearance of signs of rejection versus after recovery of consciousness. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia, 11, 657–662. doi:10.​1016/​s0952-8180(99)00117-8.
Zurück zum Zitat Hu, L., & Bentler, P.M. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modelling: Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychological Methods, 3, 424–453. doi:10.1037//1082-989x.3.4.424. Hu, L., & Bentler, P.M. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modelling: Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychological Methods, 3, 424–453. doi:10.​1037/​/​1082-989x.​3.​4.​424.
Zurück zum Zitat Huebner, R.R., & Izard, C.E. (1988). Mothers’ responses to infants’ facial expressions of sadness, anger, and physical distress. Motivation and Emotion, 12, 185–196. doi:10.1007/bf00992173. Huebner, R.R., & Izard, C.E. (1988). Mothers’ responses to infants’ facial expressions of sadness, anger, and physical distress. Motivation and Emotion, 12, 185–196. doi:10.​1007/​bf00992173.
Zurück zum Zitat Kain, Z. N., Caldwell-Andrews, A. A., Krivutza, D. M., Weinberg, M. E., Wang, S.-M., & Gaal, D. (2004). Trends in the practice of parental presence during induction of anesthesia and the use of preoperative sedation premedication in the United States, 1995–2000: Results of a follow-up national survey. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 98, 1252–1259. doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000111183.38618.d8.PubMedCrossRef Kain, Z. N., Caldwell-Andrews, A. A., Krivutza, D. M., Weinberg, M. E., Wang, S.-M., & Gaal, D. (2004). Trends in the practice of parental presence during induction of anesthesia and the use of preoperative sedation premedication in the United States, 1995–2000: Results of a follow-up national survey. Anesthesia and Analgesia, 98, 1252–1259. doi:10.​1213/​01.​ane.​0000111183.​38618.​d8.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Light, R.J. (1971). Measures of response agreement for qualitative data: some generalizations and alternatives. Psychological Bulletin, 76, 365–377. doi:10.1037/h0031643. Light, R.J. (1971). Measures of response agreement for qualitative data: some generalizations and alternatives. Psychological Bulletin, 76, 365–377. doi:10.​1037/​h0031643.
Zurück zum Zitat Manimala, M. R., Blount, R. L., & Cohen, L. L. (2000). The effects of parental reassurance versus distraction on child distress and coping during immunizations. Children’s Health Care, 29, 161–177. doi:10.1207/s15326888chc2903_2.CrossRef Manimala, M. R., Blount, R. L., & Cohen, L. L. (2000). The effects of parental reassurance versus distraction on child distress and coping during immunizations. Children’s Health Care, 29, 161–177. doi:10.​1207/​s15326888chc2903​_​2.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat McMurtry, C. M., Chambers, C. T., McGrath, P. J., & Asp, E. (2010). When “don’t worry” communicates fear: Children’s perceptions of parental reassurance and distraction during a painful pediatric medical procedure. Pain, 150, 52–58. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2010.02.021.PubMedCrossRef McMurtry, C. M., Chambers, C. T., McGrath, P. J., & Asp, E. (2010). When “don’t worry” communicates fear: Children’s perceptions of parental reassurance and distraction during a painful pediatric medical procedure. Pain, 150, 52–58. doi:10.​1016/​j.​pain.​2010.​02.​021.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Noel, M., McMurtry, C. M., Chambers, C. T., & McGrath, P. J. (2010). Children’s memory for painful procedures: The relationship of pain intensity, anxiety, and adult behaviors to subsequent recall. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 35, 626–636. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsp096.PubMedCrossRef Noel, M., McMurtry, C. M., Chambers, C. T., & McGrath, P. J. (2010). Children’s memory for painful procedures: The relationship of pain intensity, anxiety, and adult behaviors to subsequent recall. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 35, 626–636. doi:10.​1093/​jpepsy/​jsp096.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Piira, T., Sugiura, T., Champion, G. D., Donnelly, N., & Cole, A. S. J. (2005). The role of parental presence in the context of children’s medical procedures: A systemic review. Child Care Health, and Development, 31, 233–243. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2214.2004.00466.x.CrossRef Piira, T., Sugiura, T., Champion, G. D., Donnelly, N., & Cole, A. S. J. (2005). The role of parental presence in the context of children’s medical procedures: A systemic review. Child Care Health, and Development, 31, 233–243. doi:10.​1111/​j.​1365-2214.​2004.​00466.​x.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Piira, T., & von Baeyer, C. (2001). Parents’ behavior in helping children to cope with painful procedures. Pediatric Pain Letter, 5, 13–15. Piira, T., & von Baeyer, C. (2001). Parents’ behavior in helping children to cope with painful procedures. Pediatric Pain Letter, 5, 13–15.
Zurück zum Zitat Shipman, K.L., Zeman, J., Nesin, A.E., & Fitzgerald, M. (2003). Children’s strategies for displaying anger and sadness: What works with whom? Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 49, 100–123. doi:10.1353/mpq.2003.0006. Shipman, K.L., Zeman, J., Nesin, A.E., & Fitzgerald, M. (2003). Children’s strategies for displaying anger and sadness: What works with whom? Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 49, 100–123. doi:10.​1353/​mpq.​2003.​0006.
Zurück zum Zitat Wright, K. D., Finley, G. A., Lee, D., Raazi, M., & Sharpe, D. (2013). A snapshot: Practices of Canadian anesthesiologists in alleviating preoperative anxiety in children and adolescents. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia, 60, 1161–1162. doi:10.1007/s12630-013-0018-4. Wright, K. D., Finley, G. A., Lee, D., Raazi, M., & Sharpe, D. (2013). A snapshot: Practices of Canadian anesthesiologists in alleviating preoperative anxiety in children and adolescents. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia, 60, 1161–1162. doi:10.​1007/​s12630-013-0018-4.
Zurück zum Zitat Wright, K. D., Stewart, S. H., Finley, G. A., & Buffett-Jerrott, S. E. (2007). Prevention and intervention strategies to alleviate preoperative anxiety in childhood: A review. Behavior Modification, 31, 52–79. doi:10.1177/0145445506295055.PubMedCrossRef Wright, K. D., Stewart, S. H., Finley, G. A., & Buffett-Jerrott, S. E. (2007). Prevention and intervention strategies to alleviate preoperative anxiety in childhood: A review. Behavior Modification, 31, 52–79. doi:10.​1177/​0145445506295055​.PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Yip, P., Middleton, P., Cyna, A.M., & Carlyle, A.V. (2009). Non-pharmacological interventions for assisting the induction of anaesthesia in children. Cochrane Database Systematic Review, 3, CD006447. Yip, P., Middleton, P., Cyna, A.M., & Carlyle, A.V. (2009). Non-pharmacological interventions for assisting the induction of anaesthesia in children. Cochrane Database Systematic Review, 3, CD006447.
Metadaten
Titel
A Sequential Examination of Parent–Child Interactions at Anesthetic Induction
verfasst von
Kristi D. Wright
Sherry H. Stewart
G. Allen Finley
Mateen Raazi
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2014
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings / Ausgabe 4/2014
Print ISSN: 1068-9583
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-3572
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-014-9413-4

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2014

Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings 4/2014 Zur Ausgabe