Skip to main content
Hauptrubriken
CME Facharzt-Training Webinare Zeitschriften Bücher e.Medpedia Podcast
Service
Jobbörse Info & Hilfe
Fachgebiete
Anästhesiologie Allgemeinmedizin Arbeitsmedizin Augenheilkunde Chirurgie Dermatologie Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe HNO Innere Medizin Kardiologie Neurologie Onkologie und Hämatologie Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie Pädiatrie Pathologie Psychiatrie Radiologie Rechtsmedizin Urologie Zahnmedizin
Themen
Klimawandel und Gesundheit Neues aus dem Markt COVID-19 Praxis und Beruf Seltene Erkrankungen GOÄ & EBM Panorama
Sammlungen
Kasuistiken Algorithmen & Infografiken Blickdiagnosen Arthropedia FlapFinder (für Dermatochirurgen) Videos Kongressberichterstattung Medizin für Apothekerinnen und Apotheker Für Ärztinnen und Ärzte in Weiterbildung Für Medizinstudierende

Live-Webinar "Chronische Unterbauch- und Viszeralschmerzen in der Praxis managen"

Das Thema chronische Unterbauch- und Viszeralschmerzen wird im Live-Webinar am 7. Mai von 17.30 bis 19 Uhr aus internistischer, gynäkologischer und psychologisch-neurowissenschaftlicher Perspektive beleuchtet. Besprochen werden krankheitsbedingte Ursachen, Mechanismen der kognitiven Schmerzmodulation sowie mögliche Therapieoptionen. Die Fortbildung ist mit 2 CME-Punkten zertifiziert. Melden Sie sich jetzt an!
Erweiterte Suche
Anmelden
nach oben
CNS Drugs
Erschienen in: CNS Drugs 8/2005

01.08.2005 | Therapy In Practice

AIDS-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

Current Management Strategies

verfasst von: Dr Mark T. M. Roberts

Erschienen in: CNS Drugs | Ausgabe 8/2005

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare, opportunistic infection of the CNS by the ubiquitous JC virus (JCV). PML is only seen in the context of severe and prolonged immunosuppression, a phenomenon now frequently encountered since the AIDS pandemic. PML is characterised by progressive lysis of oligodendrocytes with demyelination. A rapid clinical course ensues with focal neurological deficits and a median time to death of 3.5 months without treatment. Prior to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), there was no effective therapy. Since the advent of HAART, the prognosis for PML has much improved; however, a significant number of patients appear unresponsive to antiretrovirals and some worsen because of the development of immune reconstitution disease. A better understanding of the biology of JCV and its interactions with host cells is leading to new anti-JCV-specific agents that await evaluation in randomised, controlled trials. Improved diagnostic tools and the possibility of immunotherapy and gene therapy are further advancing the field.
Literatur
1.
Brooks BR, Walker DL. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Neurol Clin 1984; 2: 299–313PubMed
2.
Astrom KE, Mancall EL, Richardson Jr EP. Progressive multifocal leuko-encephalopathy: a hitherto unrecognized complication of chronic lymphatic leukaemia and Hodgkin’s disease. Brain 1958; 81: 93–111PubMedCrossRef
3.
Berger JR, Kaszovitz B, Post MJ, et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: a review of the literature with a report of sixteen cases. Ann Intern Med 1987; 107: 78–87PubMed
4.
Kure K, Llena JF, Lyman WD, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection of the nervous system: an autopsy study of 268 adult, pediatric, and fetal brains. Hum Pathol 1991; 22: 700–10PubMedCrossRef
5.
Berger JR. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: explaining the high incidence and disproportionate frequency of the illness relative to other immunosuppressive conditions. J Neurovirol 2003; 9Suppl. 1: 38–41PubMed
6.
Gillespie SM, Chang Y, Lemp G, et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus, San Francisco, 1981–1989. Ann Neurol 1991; 30: 597–604PubMedCrossRef
7.
Berger JR, Levy RM, Flomenhoft D, et al. Predictive factors for prolonged survival in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 1998; 44: 341–9PubMedCrossRef
8.
Antinori A, Ammassari A, Giancola ML, et al. Epidemiology and prognosis of AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the HAART era. J Neurovirol 2001; 7: 323–8PubMedCrossRef
9.
Sacktor N, Lyles RH, Skolasky R, et al. HIV-associated neurologic disease incidence changes: Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, 1990–1998. Neurology 2001; 56: 257–60PubMedCrossRef
10.
Lanjewar DN, Jain PP, Shetty CR. Profile of central nervous system pathology in patients with AIDS: an autopsy study from India. AIDS 1998; 12: 309–13PubMedCrossRef
11.
Shankar SK, Satishchandra P, Mahadevan A, et al. Low prevalence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in India and Africa: is there a biological explanation? J Neurovirol 2003; 9Suppl. 1: 59–67PubMed
12.
Chadha DS, Handa A, Sharma SK, et al. Seizures in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Assoc Physicians India 2000; 48: 573–6PubMed
13.
Kakar A, Anand I, Sethi PK. Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy and dementia in an AIDS patient. J Assoc Physicians India 1998; 46: 743–4PubMed
14.
Antinori A, Cingolani A, Lorenzini P, et al. Clinical epidemiology and survival of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy: data from the Italian Registry Investigative Neuro AIDS (IRINA). J Neurovirol 2003; 9Suppl. 1: 47–53PubMed
15.
Cavanagh JB, Greenbaum D, Marshall AH, et al. Cerebral demyelination associated with disorders of the reticuloendothelial system. Lancet 1959; II: 524–9CrossRef
16.
Zurhein G, Chou SM. Particles resembling papova viruses in human cerebral demyelinating disease. Science 1965; 148: 1477–9PubMedCrossRef
17.
Padgett BL, Walker DL, ZuRhein GM, et al. Cultivation of papova-like virus from human brain with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy. Lancet 1971; I: 1257–60CrossRef
18.
Padgett BL, Walker DL, ZuRhein GM, et al. JC Papovavirus in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Infect Dis 1976; 133: 686–90PubMedCrossRef
19.
Chang H, Wang M, Tsai RT, et al. High incidence of JC viruria in JC-seropositive older individuals. J Neurovirol 2002; 8(5): 447–51PubMedCrossRef
20.
Chesters PM, Heritage J, McCance DJ. Persistence of DNA sequences of BK virus and JC virus in normal human tissues and in diseased tissues. J Infect Dis 1983; 147(4): 676–84PubMedCrossRef
21.
Major EO, Amemiya K, Tornatore CS, et al. Pathogenesis and molecular biology of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, the JC virus-induced demyelinating disease of the human brain. Clin Microbiol Rev 1992; 5: 49–73PubMed
22.
Kitamura T, Kunitake T, Guo J, et al. Transmission of the human polyomavirus JC virus occures both within the family and outside the family. J Clin Microbiol 1994; 32(10): 2359–63PubMed
23.
Frisque RJ, Bream GL, Cannella MT. Human polyomavirus JC virus genome. J Virol 1984; 51: 458–69PubMed
24.
Feigenbaum L, Hinrichs SH, Jay G. JC virus and simian virus 40 enhancers and transforming proteins: role in determining tissue specificity and pathogenicity in transgenic mice. J Virol 1992; 66: 1176–82PubMed
25.
Feigenbaum L, Khalili K, Major E, et al. Regulation of the host range of human papovavirus JCV. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987; 84: 3695–8PubMedCrossRef
26.
Lashgari MS, Tada H, Amini S, et al. Regulation of JCVL promoter function: transactivation of JCVL promoter by JCV and SV40 early proteins. Virology 1989; 170: 292–5PubMedCrossRef
27.
Lynch KJ, Haggerty S, Frisque RJ. DNA replication of chimeric JC virus-simian virus 40 genomes. Virology 1994; 204: 819–22PubMedCrossRef
28.
Endo S, Okada Y, Orba Y, et al. JC virus agnoprotein colocalizes with tubulin. J Neurovirol 2003; 9Suppl. 1: 10–4PubMed
29.
Safak M, Khalili K. Physical and functional interaction between viral and cellular proteins modulate JCV gene transcription. J Neurovirol 2001; 7: 288–92PubMedCrossRef
30.
Bollag B, Chuke WF, Frisque RJ. Hybrid genomes of the polyomaviruses JC virus, BK virus, and simian virus 40: identification of sequences important for efficient transformation. J Virol 1989; 63: 863–72PubMed
31.
Berger JR, Pall L, Lanska D, et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with HIV infection. J Neurovirol 1998; 4: 59–68PubMedCrossRef
32.
_von Einsiedel RW, Fife TD, Aksamit AJ, et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in AIDS: a clinicopathologic study and review of the literature. J Neurol 1993; 240: 391–406CrossRef
33.
Moulignier A, Mikol J, Pialoux G, et al. AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy revealed by new-onset seizures. Am J Med 1995; 99: 64–8PubMedCrossRef
34.
Cinque P, Koralnik IJ, Clifford DB. The evolving face of human immunodeficiency virus-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: defining a consensus terminology. J Neurovirol 2003; 9Suppl. 1: 88–92PubMed
35.
Weber T, Trebst C, Frye S, et al. Analysis of the systemic and intrathecal humoral immune response in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Infect Dis 1997; 176: 250–4PubMedCrossRef
36.
Marra CM, Rajicic N, Barker DE, et al. A pilot study of cidofovir for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in AIDS. AIDS 2002; 16: 1791–7PubMedCrossRef
37.
Fiala M, Cone LA, Cohen N, et al. Responses of neurologic complications of AIDS to 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine and 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl) guanine: I. Clinical features. Rev Infect Dis 1988; 10: 250–6PubMedCrossRef
38.
Conway B, Halliday WC, Brunham RC. Human immunodeficiency virus-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: apparent response to 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine. Rev Infect Dis 1990; 12: 479–82PubMedCrossRef
39.
De Luca A, Giancola ML, Ammassari A, et al. The effect of potent antiretroviral therapy and JC virus load in cerebrospinal fluid on clinical outcome of patients with AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Infect Dis 2000; 182: 1077–83PubMedCrossRef
40.
Wyen C, Hoffmann C, Schmeier N, et al. Progressive multifocal leukencephalopathy in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy: survival and risk factors of death. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2004; 37(2): 1263–8PubMedCrossRef
41.
Levy RM, Major E, Ali MJ, et al. Convection-enhanced intraparenchymal delivery (CEID) of cytosine arabinoside (AraC) for the treatment of HIV-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). J Neurovirol 2001; 7(4): 382–5PubMedCrossRef
42.
Heilbronn R, Albrecht I, Stephan S, et al. Human cytomegalovirus induces JC virus DNA replication in human fibroblasts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1993; 90(23): 11406–10PubMedCrossRef
43.
Portegies P, Algra PR, Hollak CE, et al. Response to cytarabine in progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy in AIDS. Lancet 1991; 337: 680–1PubMedCrossRef
44.
Nicoli F, Chave B, Peragut JC, et al. Efficacy of cytarabine in progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy in AIDS [letter]. Lancet 1992; 339: 306PubMedCrossRef
45.
Huang SS, Skolasky RL, Dal Pan GJ, et al. Survival prolongation in HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy treated with alpha-interferon: an observational study. J Neurovirol 1998; 4: 324–32PubMedCrossRef
46.
Berger JR, Mucke L. Prolonged survival and partial recovery in AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Neurology 1988; 38: 1060–5PubMedCrossRef
47.
Albrecht H, Hoffmann C, Degen O, et al. Highly active antiretroviral therapy significantly improves the prognosis of patients with HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. AIDS 1998; 12: 1149–54PubMedCrossRef
48.
Cinque P, Casari S, Bertelli D. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, HIV, and highly active antiretroviral therapy. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 848–9PubMedCrossRef
49.
Miralles P, Berenguer J, Garcia de Viedma D, et al. Treatment of AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 1998; 12: 2467–72PubMedCrossRef
50.
Dworkin MS, Wan PC, Hanson DL, et al. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: improved survival of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in the protease inhibitor era. J Infect Dis 1999; 180: 621–5PubMedCrossRef
51.
Tassie JM, Gasnault J, Bentata M, et al. Survival improvement of AIDS-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the era of protease inhibitors. Clinical Epidemiology Group. French Hospital Database on HIV. AIDS 1999; 13: 1881–7PubMedCrossRef
52.
Clifford DB, Yiannoutsos C, Glicksman M, et al. HAART improves prognosis in HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Neurology 1999; 52: 623–5PubMedCrossRef
53.
Berenguer J, Miralles P, Arrizabalaga J, et al. Clinical course and prognostic factors of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 36: 1047–52PubMedCrossRef
54.
Eggers C, Stellbrink HJ, Buhk T, et al. Quantification of JC virus DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a longitudinal study. J Infect Dis 1999; 180: 1690–4PubMedCrossRef
55.
Weber T, Weber F, Petry H, et al. Immune response in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: an overview. J Neurovirol 2001; 7: 311–7PubMedCrossRef
56.
Gasnault J, Taoufik Y, Goujard C, et al. Prolonged survival without neurological improvement in patients with AIDS-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy on potent combined antiretroviral therapy. J Neurovirol 1999; 5: 421–9PubMedCrossRef
57.
Cinque P, Pierotti C, Vigano MG, et al. The good and evil of HAART in HIV-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Neurovirol 2001; 7: 358–63PubMedCrossRef
58.
DeSimone JA, Pomerantz RJ, Babinchak TJ. Inflammatory reactions in HIV-1-infected persons after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Ann Intern Med 2000; 133: 447–54PubMed
59.
Jevtovic D, Salemovic D, Ranin J, et al. The prevalence and risk of immune restoration disease in HIV-infected patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. HIV Med 2005; 6(2): 140–3PubMedCrossRef
60.
Miralles P, Berenguer J, Lacruz C, et al. Inflammatory reactions in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS 2001; 15: 1900–2PubMedCrossRef
61.
Collazos J, Mayo J, Martinez E, et al. Contrast-enhancing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy as an immune reconstitution event in AIDS patients. AIDS 1999; 13: 1426–8PubMedCrossRef
62.
Cinque P, Bossolasco S, Brambilla AM, et al. The effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy-induced immune reconstitution on development and outcome of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: study of 43 cases with review of the literature. J Neurovirol 2003; 9Suppl. 1: 73–80PubMed
63.
Safdar A, Rubocki RJ, Horvath JA, et al. Fatal immune restoration disease in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: impact of antiretroviral therapy-associated immune reconstitution. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 35: 1250–7PubMedCrossRef
64.
Schon T, Leekassa R, Gebre N, et al. High dose prednisolone treatment of leprosy patients undergoing reactions is associated with a rapid decrease in urinary nitric oxide metabolites and clinical improvement. Lepr Rev 2000; 71: 355–62PubMed
65.
Safdar A, Brown AE, Kraus DH, et al. Paradoxical reaction syndrome complicating aural infection due to mycobacterium tuberculosis during therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 30: 625–7PubMedCrossRef
66.
Andrei G, Snoeck R, Vandeputte M, et al. Activities of various compounds against murine and primate polyomaviruses. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41: 587–93PubMed
67.
Blick G, Whiteside M, Griegor P, et al. Successful resolution of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after combination therapy with cidofovir and cytosine arabinoside. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26: 191–2PubMedCrossRef
68.
Sadler M, Chinn R, Healy J, et al. New treatments for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV-1-infected patients. AIDS 1998; 12: 533–5PubMed
69.
De Luca A, Giancola ML, Ammassari A, et al. Cidofovir added to HAART improves virological and clinical outcome in AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. AIDS 2000; 14: F117–21CrossRef
70.
Gasnault J, Kousignian P, Kahraman M, et al. Cidofovir in AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: a monocenter observational study with clinical and JC virus load monitoring. J Neurovirol 2001; 7: 375–81PubMedCrossRef
71.
Houston S, Roberts N, Mashinter L. Failure of cidofovir therapy in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy unrelated to human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32: 150–2PubMedCrossRef
72.
De Luca A, Giancola ML, Ammassari A, et al. Potent anti-retroviral therapy with or without cidofovir for AIDS-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: extended follow-up of an observational study. J Neurovirol 2001; 7: 364–8PubMedCrossRef
73.
Moreno S, Miralles P, Diaz MD, et al. Cytarabine therapy for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with AIDS. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 23: 1066–8PubMedCrossRef
74.
Hall CD, Dafni U, Simpson D, et al. Failure of cytarabine in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. AIDS Clinical Trials Group 243 Team. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 1345–51PubMedCrossRef
75.
Sausville EA, Horwitz SB. Inhibition of SV40 DNA synthesis by camptothecin and neocarzinostatin. Mol Pharmacol 1978; 14: 1156–66PubMed
76.
Kerr DA, Chang CF, Gordon J, et al. Inhibition of human neurotropic virus (JCV) DNA replication in glial cells by camptothecin. Virology 1993; 196: 612–8PubMedCrossRef
77.
Royal III W, Dupont B, McGuire D, et al. Topotecan in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Neurovirol 2003; 9: 411–9PubMedCrossRef
78.
Vollmer-Haase J, Young P, Ringelstein EB. Efficacy of camptothecin in progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy [letter]. Lancet 1997; 349: 1366PubMedCrossRef
79.
Pho MT, Ashok A, Atwood WJ. JC virus enters human glial cells by clathrin-dependent receptor-mediated endocytosis. J Virol 2000; 74: 2288–92PubMedCrossRef
80.
Baum S, Ashok A, Gee G, et al. Early events in the life cycle of JC virus as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Neurovirol 2003; 9Suppl. 1: 32–7PubMed
81.
Geschwind MD, Skolasky RI, Royal WS, et al. The relative contributions of HAART and alpha-interferon for therapy of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in AIDS. J Neurovirol 2001; 7: 353–7PubMedCrossRef
82.
Gessani S, Puddu P, Varano B, et al. Induction of beta interferon by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and its gp 120 protein in human monocytes-macrophages: role of beta interferon in restriction of virus replication. J Virol 1994; 68: 1983–6PubMed
83.
Tashiro K, Doi S, Moriwaka F, et al. Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy with magnetic resonance imaging verification and therapeutic trials with interferon. J Neurol 1987; 234: 427–9PubMedCrossRef
84.
Buckanovich RJ, Liu G, Stricker C, et al. Nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation for refractory Hodgkin’s lymphoma complicated by interleukin-2 responsive progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann Hematol 2002; 81: 410–3PubMedCrossRef
85.
Przepiorka D, Jaeckle KA, Birdwell RR, et al. Successful treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with low-dose interleukin-2. Bone Marrow Transplant 1997; 20: 983–7PubMedCrossRef
86.
Garcia De Viedma D, Diaz Infantes M, Miralles P, et al. JC virus load in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: analysis of the correlation between the viral burden in cerebrospinal fluid, patient survival, and the volume of neurological lesions. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 34(12): 1568–75PubMedCrossRef
87.
Yiannoutsos CT Major EO, Curfman B, et al. Relation of JC virus DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid to survival in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with biopsy-proven progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann Neurol 1999; 45(6): 816–21PubMedCrossRef
88.
Bossolasco S, Calori G, Moretti F, et al. Prognostic significance of JC virus DNA levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with HIV-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40(5): 738–44PubMedCrossRef
89.
Koralnik IJ, Du Pasquier RA, Kuroda MJ, et al. Association of prolonged survival in HLA-A2+ progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy patients with a CTL response specific for a commonly recognized JC virus epitope. J Immunol 2002; 168: 499–504PubMed
90.
Du Pasquier RA, Clark KW, Smith PS, et al. JCV-specific cellular immune response correlates with a favorable clinical outcome in HIV-infected individuals with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. J Neurovirol 2001; 7: 318–22PubMedCrossRef
91.
Pezzotti P, Dorrucci M, Donisi A, et al. Survival, progression to AIDS and immunesuppression HIV-positive individuals before and after the introduction of the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Epidemiol Prev 2003; 27: 348–55PubMed
Metadaten
Titel
AIDS-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
Current Management Strategies
verfasst von
Dr Mark T. M. Roberts
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2005
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in
CNS Drugs / Ausgabe 8/2005
Print ISSN: 1172-7047
Elektronische ISSN: 1179-1934
DOI
https://doi.org/10.2165/00023210-200519080-00003

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 8/2005

CNS Drugs 8/2005 Zur Ausgabe

Therapy In Practice

Substance Abuse in Patients with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Review Article

The Risk of Stroke in Patients with Migraine and Implications for Migraine Management

Adis Drug Profile

Extended-Release Carbamazepine Capsules

Review Article

The Opioidergic-Alcohol Link

Therapy In Practice

Erotomania

Adis Drug Profile

Extended-Release Carbamazepine Capsules

Leitlinien kompakt für die Neurologie

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Kostenlos registrieren

Neu im Fachgebiet Neurologie

Stuhltransfusion könnte Fortschreiten von Parkinson-Symptomen bremsen

03.05.2024 Parkinson-Krankheit Nachrichten

Kann eine frühzeitige Stuhltransplantation das Fortschreiten von Parkinson-Symptomen verlangsamen? Die Ergebnisse einer randomisierten Phase-2-Studie scheinen dafür zu sprechen.

Frühe Tranexamsäure-Therapie nützt wenig bei Hirnblutungen

02.05.2024 Hirnblutung Nachrichten

Erhalten Personen mit einer spontanen Hirnblutung innerhalb von zwei Stunden nach Symptombeginn eine Tranexamsäure-Therapie, kann dies weder die Hämatomexpansion eindämmen noch die Mortalität senken.

Sind Frauen die fähigeren Ärzte?

30.04.2024 Gendermedizin Nachrichten

Patienten, die von Ärztinnen behandelt werden, dürfen offenbar auf bessere Therapieergebnisse hoffen als Patienten von Ärzten. Besonders scheint das auf weibliche Kranke zuzutreffen, wie eine Studie zeigt.

Akuter Schwindel: Wann lohnt sich eine MRT?

28.04.2024 Schwindel Nachrichten

Akuter Schwindel stellt oft eine diagnostische Herausforderung dar. Wie nützlich dabei eine MRT ist, hat eine Studie aus Finnland untersucht. Immerhin einer von sechs Patienten wurde mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall diagnostiziert.

Update Neurologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen
Bildnachweise