Materials and methods
Subjects
Methods
HPV sample collection
HPV genotype testing
HPV subtype | Probe Sequence |
---|---|
CP8304 | 5′ -gcactaatagttcagttgcag-3′ |
HPV-6 | 5′ -cataagaagataccttaggacttg-3′ |
HPV-11 | 5′ -acttagcagtaacgtctcagatgt-3′ |
HPV-44 | 5′ -tagtgctcgagacacgtatcatat-3′ |
HPV-42 | 5′ -gctatcgtcatgaactatgctaga-3′ |
HPV-43 | 5′ -actgtgtcatgacacgtatcaagt-3′ |
HPV-16 | 5′ -ctatacaagtacgtcgtcgatatg-3’ |
HPV-52 | 5′ -cagagctcgagacacgtatcaact-3’ |
HPV-58 | 5′ -agcaaatgaaacagttgcagga-3’ |
HPV-53 | 5′ -ttctatcatgacacgtatcactgg-3’ |
HPV-18 | 5′ -gtatcactaagtactcgtcgaatg-3’ |
HPV-39 | 5′ -cctaagtgtagacacgtatcagtt-3’ |
HPV-33 | 5′ -ctgatcatgaactacgtcatggat-3’ |
HPV-31 | 5′ -gacttcaatagtactagtcatcgg-3’ |
HPV-51 | 5′ -tctgaatgaaacagttgctaca-3’ |
HPV-68 | 5′ -atgtgtcatgagtatcatagc-3’ |
HPV-66 | 5′ -gcatctatagtatcagttagacg-3’ |
HPV-56 | 5′ -aatggtcatgacacgtatcaagga-3’ |
HPV-59 | 5′ -gcctaatgaaacagttgcaccc-3’ |
HPV-45 | 5′ -atgtgtcatgacacgtatcatagc-3’ |
HPV-35 | 5′ -ctagtgtcatgacacgtatcatag-3’ |
Statistical analysis
Results
HPV infection rates and trends
HPV subtype | Positive cases | 2011 (n = 5001) | 2012 (n = 6410) | 2013 (n = 7863) | 2014 (n = 11,402) | 2015 (n = 13,128) |
χ
2
|
P
| gamma value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
9752 | 1133 (22.7%) | 1383 (21.6%) | 1745 (22.2%) | 2575 (22.6%) | 2916 (22.2%) | 0.057 | 0.812 | 0.002 | |
Low-risk | |||||||||
CP8304 | 822 | 112 (2.2%) | 118 (1.8%) | 114 (1.5%) | 197 (1.7%) | 281 (2.1%) | 0.228 | 0.633 | 0.028 |
HPV-6 | 585 | 45 (0.9%) | 76 (1.2%) | 140 (1.8%) | 150 (1.3%) | 174 (1.3%) | 2.209 | 0.137 | 0.030 |
HPV-11 | 524 | 42 (0.8%) | 83 (1.3%) | 83 (1.1%) | 127 (1.1%) | 189 (1.4%) | 7.433 | 0.006 | -0.091 |
HPV-44 | 127 | 4 (0.1%) | 12 (0.2%) | 19 (0.2%) | 43 (0.4%) | 49 (0.4%) | 15.253 | <0.001 | -0.248 |
HPV-42 | 119 | 13 (0.3%) | 37 (0.6%) | 48 (0.6%) | 10 (0.1%) | 11 (0.1%) | 36.303 | <0.001 | 0.410 |
HPV-43 | 35 | 2 (0.04%) | 5 (0.08%) | 4 (0.1%) | 6 (0.1%) | 18 (0.1%) | 4.019 | 0.045 | −0.279 |
High-risk | |||||||||
HPV-16 | 2108 | 257 (5.1%) | 311 (4.9%) | 453 (5.8%) | 567 (5.0%) | 520 (4.0%) | 15.769 | <0.001 | 0.073 |
HPV-52 | 2056 | 248 (5.0%) | 304 (4.7%) | 328 (4.2%) | 508 (4.5%) | 668 (5.1%) | 0.612 | 0.434 | -0.020 |
HPV-58 | 1712 | 227 (4.5%) | 265 (4.1%) | 293 (3.7%) | 454 (4.0%) | 473 (3.6%) | 7.423 | 0.006 | 0.046 |
HPV-53 | 995 | 113 (2.3%) | 129 (2.0%) | 148 (1.9%) | 272 (2.4%) | 333 (2.5%) | 5.674 | 0.017 | -0.062 |
HPV-18 | 831 | 91 (1.8%) | 92 (1.4%) | 148 (1.9%) | 291 (2.4%) | 209 (1.6%) | 0.685 | 0.408 | -0.007 |
HPV-39 | 765 | 56 (1.1%) | 74 (1.2%) | 78 (1.0%) | 288 (2.5%) | 269 (2.1%) | 52.680 | <0.001 | -0.193 |
HPV-33 | 733 | 86 (1.7%) | 113 (1.8%) | 150 (1.9%) | 187 (1.6%) | 197 (1.5%) | 2.691 | 0.101 | 0.049 |
HPV-31 | 611 | 71 (1.4%) | 70 (1.1%) | 141 (1.8%) | 139 (1.2%) | 190 (1.5%) | 0.103 | 0.748 | -0.008 |
HPV-51 | 476 | 11 (0.2%) | 16 (0.3%) | 32 (0.4%) | 129 (1.1%) | 288 (2.2%) | 221.134 | <0.001 | -0.554 |
HPV-68 | 458 | 61 (1.2%) | 75 (1.2%) | 72 (0.9%) | 97 (0.9%) | 153 (1.2%) | 0.315 | 0.575 | 0.005 |
HPV-66 | 373 | 44 (0.9%) | 51 (0.8%) | 55 (0.7%) | 98 (0.9%) | 125 (1.0%) | 1.168 | 0.280 | -0.049 |
HPV-56 | 270 | 35 (0.7%) | 14 (0.2%) | 43 (0.6%) | 75 (0.7%) | 103 (0.8%) | 8.898 | 0.003 | -0.147 |
HPV-59 | 197 | 11 (0.2%) | 32 (0.5%) | 42 (0.5%) | 46 (0.4%) | 66 (0.5%) | 2.259 | 0.133 | -0.068 |
HPV-45 | 122 | 15 (0.3%) | 17 (0.3%) | 33 (0.4%) | 20 (0.2%) | 37 (0.3%) | 0.666 | 0.415 | 0.053 |
HPV-35 | 93 | 14 (0.3%) | 16 (0.3%) | 12 (0.2%) | 25 (0.2%) | 26 (0.2%) | 0.865 | 0.352 | 0.059 |
Infection of different age groups with the HPV subtypes
HPV subtype | 15–24 (n = 933) | >24–34 (n = 9159) | >34–44 (n = 12,717) | >44–54 (n = 14,245) | >54 (n = 6750) |
χ
2
|
P
| gamma value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
324 (34.7%) | 2155 (23.5%) | 2712 (21.3%) | 2932 (20.6%) | 1629 (24.1%) | 13.606 | <0.001 | −0.027 | |
Low-risk | ||||||||
CP8304 | 35 (3.8%) | 134 (1.5%) | 208 (1.6%) | 274 (2.0%) | 173 (2.6%) | 11.683 | <0.001 | 0.100 |
HPV-6 | 57 (6.1%) | 231 (2.5%) | 137 (1.1%) | 99 (0.7%) | 64 (1.0%) | 185.419 | <0.001 | -0.382 |
HPV-11 | 62 (6.7%) | 208 (2.3%) | 109 (0.9%) | 86 (0.6%) | 61 (1.0%) | 186.174 | <0.001 | -0.393 |
HPV-42 | 1 (0.1%) | 22 (0.2%) | 33 (0.3%) | 34 (0.2%) | 29 (0.4%) | 3.940 | 0.047 | 0.127 |
HPV-43 | 1 (0.1%) | 7 (0.1%) | 5 (0.04%) | 11 (0.1%) | 12 (0.2%) | 3.832 | 0.050 | 0.243 |
HPV-44 | 3 (0.3%) | 32 (0.4%) | 28 (0.2%) | 45 (0.3%) | 19 (0.3%) | 0.088 | 0.767 | −0.014 |
High-risk | ||||||||
HPV-16 | 74 (8.0%) | 477 (5.2%) | 547 (4.3%) | 638 (4.5%) | 381 (5.6%) | 0.498 | 0.481 | -0.006 |
HPV-18 | 31 (3.3%) | 224 (2.5%) | 217 (1.7%) | 233 (1.6%) | 132 (2.0%) | 13.148 | <0.001 | -0.089 |
HPV-31 | 20 (2.1%) | 127 (1.4%) | 170 (1.3%) | 189 (1.3%) | 105 (1.6%) | 0.002 | 0.962 | 0.003 |
HPV-33 | 34 (3.6%) | 154 (1.7) | 183 (1.4%) | 221 (1.6%) | 143 (2.1%) | 0.025 | 0.874 | 0.015 |
HPV-35 | 4 (0.4%) | 27 (0.3%) | 32 (0.3%) | 26 (0.2%) | 6 (0.1%) | 10.705 | 0.001 | -0.248 |
HPV-39 | 30 (3.2%) | 173 (1.9%) | 217 (1.7%) | 232 (1.6%) | 121 (1.8%) | 3.529 | 0.060 | -0.045 |
HPV-45 | 7 (0.8%) | 29 (0.3%) | 30 (0.2%) | 43 (0.3%) | 16 (0.2%) | 1.817 | 0.178 | -0.072 |
HPV-51 | 39 (4.2%) | 140 (1.5%) | 105 (0.8%) | 127 (0.9%) | 73 (1.1%) | 32.258 | <0.001 | -0.166 |
HPV-52 | 66 (7.1%) | 459 (5.0%) | 639 (5.0%) | 603 (4.2%) | 297 (4.4%) | 15.420 | <0.001 | -0.065 |
HPV-53 | 45 (4.8%) | 183 (2.0%) | 244 (1.9%) | 317 (2.2%) | 215 (3.2%) | 7.704 | 0.006 | 0.076 |
HPV-56 | 10 (1.1%) | 68 (0.7%) | 63 (0.5%) | 81 (0.6%) | 51 (0.8%) | 0.286 | 0.593 | -0.017 |
HPV-58 | 60 (6.4%) | 320 (3.5%) | 437 (3.4%) | 531 (3.7%) | 372 (5.5%) | 17.682 | <0.001 | 0.082 |
HPV-59 | 14 (1.5%) | 53 (0.6%) | 47 (0.4%) | 52 (0.4%) | 34 (0.5%) | 6.424 | 0.011 | -0.113 |
HPV-66 | 15 (1.6%) | 97 (1.1%) | 86 (0.7%) | 94 (0.7%) | 83 (1.2%) | 0.254 | 0.615 | -0.014 |
HPV-68 | 24 (2.6%) | 116 (1.3%) | 113 (0.9%) | 127 (0.9%) | 80 (1.2%) | 5.572 | 0.018 | −0.070 |
2011 (n = 5001) | 2012 (n = 6410) | 2013 (n = 7863) | 2014 (n = 11,402) | 2015 (n = 13,128) | χ2
|
P
|
gamma value
| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
15–24 | 5 (0.1) | 20 (0.3) | 36 (0.5) | 83 (0.7) | 180 (1.4) | 111.4 | <0.001 | 0.464* |
>24–34 | 207(4.1) | 273(4.3) | 394(5.0) | 579(5.1) | 702(5.4) | 16.8 | <0.001 | 0.064* |
>34–44 | 332(6.6) | 389(6.1) | 482(6.1) | 723(6.3) | 786(6.0) | 1.159 | 0.282 | −0.015** |
>44–54 | 404(8.1) | 441(6.9) | 523(6.7) | 776(6.8) | 788(6.0) | 20.372 | <0.001 | −0.031** |
>54 | 185(3.7) | 260(4.1) | 310(3.9) | 414(3.6) | 460(3.5) | 2.587 | 0.108 | −0.032** |
HPV infection in the different disease groups
Cervical cancera
(n = 915) | CIN3b
(n = 324) | CIN2c
(n = 270) | CIN1d
(n = 1924) | Other diseasese
(n = 40,371) | χ2
|
P
| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HPV-positive | 889 (97.2) | 287 (88.6) | 143 (52.7) | 978 (50.8) | 7455 (18.5) | 4557.239 | <0.001 |
Single infections | 616 (69.3) | 203(70.7) | 109 (76.2) | 764(78.1) | 5970 (80.1) | 63.613 | <0.001 |
Multiple infections | 273 (30.7) | 84(29.3) | 34 (23.8) | 214(21.9) | 1485(19.9) |