Background
Methods
Isolates
Identification and characterization of CoNS
Antimicrobial susceptibility test: [8, 9]
Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) [10]
Study of biofilm formation
Tube adherence method [5]
Congo red agar method [11]
Tissue culture plate (TCP) method [12]
Results
Biochemicals | Identification | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urease | Acetoin production | Novobiocin | Polymyxin B | Slide coagulase | Tube coagulase | Alkaline phosphatase | Pyrrolidonyl aryiamidase | Ornithine Decaboxylase | Trehalose | Mannitol | Mannose | Xylose | Maltose | Sucrose | |
+ | + | S | R | − | − | + | − | − | − | − | + | − | + | + |
S. epidermidis (n = 27) |
+ | + | R | S | − | − | − | − | − | + | − | − | − | + | + |
S. saprophyticus (n = 10) |
− | + | S | S | − | − | − | + | − | + | − | − | − | + | + |
S. haemolyticus(n = 8) |
+ | − | S | S | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | + | + |
S. hominis (n = 4)
|
− | − | S | S | − | − | − | − | − | − | + | + | − | − | + |
S. capitis (n = 2) |
+ | + | S | S | − | − | − | − | − | + | − | − | − | + | + |
S. warneri (n = 1) |
Study of biofilm formation
Tissue culture plate method | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Negative | ||
Congo red method | Positive | 28 | 1 |
Negative | 6 | 17 | |
Tube adherence method | Positive | 26 | 1 |
Negative | 8 | 17 |
Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV | Accuracy | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Congo red agar | 82.35 | 94.5 | 96.5 | 43.47 | 86.5 |
Tube adherence method | 76.47 | 94.44 | 96.29 | 68 | 82.69 |
Discussion
General distribution and speciation
Antimicrobial resistance
Biofilm formation
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
Funding
Availability of data and materials
Ethics approval and consent to participate
-
-was obtained from Institutional Ethical Review Board (IERB)
-
-code no IERB/196/014
-
-consent to participate: not applicable