Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Der Internist 1/2019

14.12.2018 | Multiples Myelom | Schwerpunkt: Multiples Myelom

Primärtherapie beim Multiplen Myelom

verfasst von: Dr. I. Breitkreutz, Prof. M. Raab, Prof. H. Goldschmidt

Erschienen in: Die Innere Medizin | Ausgabe 1/2019

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Die Therapielandschaft des neu diagnostizierten multiplen Myeloms hat sich im Verlauf der letzten beiden Jahrzehnte entscheidend verändert. Die Einführung der Hochdosistherapie mit Melphalan und nachfolgender autologer Blutstammzelltransplantation führte zunächst zu einem verbesserten Gesamtüberleben bei jüngeren Patienten, darüber hinaus scheinen nun insbesondere Hochrisikopatienten von einer Tandemtransplantation zu profitieren. Der Risikostratifizierung zum Zeitpunkt der Therapieeinleitung wird daher eine besondere Bedeutung beigemessen. Die Integration der sogenannten „neuen Substanzen“, wie Thalidomid, Lenalidomid und Bortezomib, in die Erstlinientherapie eröffnete sowohl Patienten, die für eine Hochdosistherapie geeignet sind, als auch nicht transplantationsfähigen Patienten neue Perspektiven. Standardinduktion in Deutschland vor geplanter Hochdosistherapie ist derzeit eine Kombination von Bortezomib, Cyclophosphamid und Dexamethason, jedoch wird zunehmend die Kombination von Lenalidomid, Bortezomib und Dexamethason angewendet. Für nicht transplantationsfähige Patienten stehen in der Erstlinientherapie Kombinationen mit Bortezomib oder Lenalidomid zur Verfügung. Erstmalig in der Primärtherapie dieser Patienten wurde kürzlich eine Therapie mit dem Anti-CD38-Antikörper Daratumumab in Kombination mit Bortezomib, Melphalan und Prednison zugelassen. Eine allogene Transplantation kann bei Patienten ohne relevante Komorbiditäten mit einer Hochrisikokonstellation oder mit Frührezidiv nach autologer Blutstammzelltransplantation erwogen werden, sollte jedoch nur innerhalb klinischer Studien und an spezialisierten Zentren erfolgen.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Attal M, Harousseau JL, Facon T, Guilhot F, Doyen C, Fuzibet JG, Monconduit M, Hulin C, Caillot D, Bouabdallah R, Voillat L, Sotto JJ, Grosbois B, Bataille R (2003) Single versus double autologous stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 349:2495–2502CrossRef Attal M, Harousseau JL, Facon T, Guilhot F, Doyen C, Fuzibet JG, Monconduit M, Hulin C, Caillot D, Bouabdallah R, Voillat L, Sotto JJ, Grosbois B, Bataille R (2003) Single versus double autologous stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 349:2495–2502CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Attal M, Harousseau JL, Stoppa AM, Sotto JJ, Fuzibet JG, Rossi JF, Casassus P, Maisonneuve H, Facon T, Ifrah N, Payen C, Bataille R (1996) A prospective, randomized trial of autologous bone marrow transplantation and chemotherapy in multiple myeloma. Intergroupe Francais du Myelome. N Engl J Med 335:91–97CrossRef Attal M, Harousseau JL, Stoppa AM, Sotto JJ, Fuzibet JG, Rossi JF, Casassus P, Maisonneuve H, Facon T, Ifrah N, Payen C, Bataille R (1996) A prospective, randomized trial of autologous bone marrow transplantation and chemotherapy in multiple myeloma. Intergroupe Francais du Myelome. N Engl J Med 335:91–97CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Attal M, Lauwers-Cances V, Hulin C, Leleu X, Caillot D, Escoffre M, Arnulf B, Macro M, Belhadj K, Garderet L, Roussel M, Payen C, Mathiot C, Fermand JP, Meuleman N, Rollet S, Maglio ME, Zeytoonjian AA, Weller EA, Munshi N, Anderson KC, Richardson PG, Facon T, Avet-Loiseau H, Harousseau JL, Moreau P (2017) Lenalidomide, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone with transplantation for myeloma. N Engl J Med 376:1311–1320CrossRef Attal M, Lauwers-Cances V, Hulin C, Leleu X, Caillot D, Escoffre M, Arnulf B, Macro M, Belhadj K, Garderet L, Roussel M, Payen C, Mathiot C, Fermand JP, Meuleman N, Rollet S, Maglio ME, Zeytoonjian AA, Weller EA, Munshi N, Anderson KC, Richardson PG, Facon T, Avet-Loiseau H, Harousseau JL, Moreau P (2017) Lenalidomide, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone with transplantation for myeloma. N Engl J Med 376:1311–1320CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Barlogie B, Jagannath S, Desikan KR, Mattox S, Vesole D, Siegel D, Tricot G, Munshi N, Fassas A, Singhal S, Mehta J, Anaissie E, Dhodapkar D, Naucke S, Cromer J, Sawyer J, Epstein J, Spoon D, Ayers D, Cheson B, Crowley J (1999) Total therapy with tandem transplants for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood 93:55–65PubMed Barlogie B, Jagannath S, Desikan KR, Mattox S, Vesole D, Siegel D, Tricot G, Munshi N, Fassas A, Singhal S, Mehta J, Anaissie E, Dhodapkar D, Naucke S, Cromer J, Sawyer J, Epstein J, Spoon D, Ayers D, Cheson B, Crowley J (1999) Total therapy with tandem transplants for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood 93:55–65PubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Bruno B, Rotta M, Patriarca F, Mordini N, Allione B, Carnevale-Schianca F, Giaccone L, Sorasio R, Omede P, Baldi I, Bringhen S, Massaia M, Aglietta M, Levis A, Gallamini A, Fanin R, Palumbo A, Storb R, Ciccone G, Boccadoro M (2007) A comparison of allografting with autografting for newly diagnosed myeloma. N Engl J Med 356:1110–1120CrossRef Bruno B, Rotta M, Patriarca F, Mordini N, Allione B, Carnevale-Schianca F, Giaccone L, Sorasio R, Omede P, Baldi I, Bringhen S, Massaia M, Aglietta M, Levis A, Gallamini A, Fanin R, Palumbo A, Storb R, Ciccone G, Boccadoro M (2007) A comparison of allografting with autografting for newly diagnosed myeloma. N Engl J Med 356:1110–1120CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Cavo M, Tacchetti P, Patriarca F, Petrucci MT, Pantani L, Galli M, Di Raimondo F, Crippa C, Zamagni E, Palumbo A, Offidani M, Corradini P, Narni F, Spadano A, Pescosta N, Deliliers GL, Ledda A, Cellini C, Caravita T, Tosi P, Baccarani M, Network GIM (2010) Bortezomib with thalidomide plus dexamethasone compared with thalidomide plus dexamethasone as induction therapy before, and consolidation therapy after, double autologous stem-cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a randomised phase 3 study. Lancet 376:2075–2085CrossRef Cavo M, Tacchetti P, Patriarca F, Petrucci MT, Pantani L, Galli M, Di Raimondo F, Crippa C, Zamagni E, Palumbo A, Offidani M, Corradini P, Narni F, Spadano A, Pescosta N, Deliliers GL, Ledda A, Cellini C, Caravita T, Tosi P, Baccarani M, Network GIM (2010) Bortezomib with thalidomide plus dexamethasone compared with thalidomide plus dexamethasone as induction therapy before, and consolidation therapy after, double autologous stem-cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a randomised phase 3 study. Lancet 376:2075–2085CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Dimopoulos MA, Oriol A, Nahi H, San-Miguel J, Bahlis NJ, Usmani SZ, Rabin N, Orlowski RZ, Komarnicki M, Suzuki K, Plesner T, Yoon SS, Ben Yehuda D, Richardson PG, Goldschmidt H, Reece D, Lisby S, Khokhar NZ, O’Rourke L, Chiu C, Qin X, Guckert M, Ahmadi T, Moreau P (2016) Daratumumab, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 375:1319–1331CrossRef Dimopoulos MA, Oriol A, Nahi H, San-Miguel J, Bahlis NJ, Usmani SZ, Rabin N, Orlowski RZ, Komarnicki M, Suzuki K, Plesner T, Yoon SS, Ben Yehuda D, Richardson PG, Goldschmidt H, Reece D, Lisby S, Khokhar NZ, O’Rourke L, Chiu C, Qin X, Guckert M, Ahmadi T, Moreau P (2016) Daratumumab, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 375:1319–1331CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Durie BG, Hoering A, Abidi MH, Rajkumar SV, Epstein J, Kahanic SP, Thakuri M, Reu F, Reynolds CM, Sexton R, Orlowski RZ, Barlogie B, Dispenzieri A (2017) Bortezomib with lenalidomide and dexamethasone versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone in patients with newly diagnosed myeloma without intent for immediate autologous stem-cell transplant (SWOG S0777): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet 389:519–527CrossRef Durie BG, Hoering A, Abidi MH, Rajkumar SV, Epstein J, Kahanic SP, Thakuri M, Reu F, Reynolds CM, Sexton R, Orlowski RZ, Barlogie B, Dispenzieri A (2017) Bortezomib with lenalidomide and dexamethasone versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone in patients with newly diagnosed myeloma without intent for immediate autologous stem-cell transplant (SWOG S0777): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet 389:519–527CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Facon T, Dimopoulos MA, Dispenzieri A, Catalano JV, Belch A, Cavo M, Pinto A, Weisel K, Ludwig H, Bahlis NJ, Banos A, Tiab M, Delforge M, Cavenagh JD, Geraldes C, Lee JJ, Chen C, Oriol A, De la Rubia J, White D, Binder D, Lu J, Anderson KC, Moreau P, Attal M, Perrot A, Arnulf B, Qiu L, Roussel M, Boyle E, Manier S, Mohty M, Avet-Loiseau H, Leleu X, Ervin-Haynes A, Chen G, Houck V, Benboubker L, Hulin C (2018) Final analysis of survival outcomes in the phase 3 FIRST trial of up-front treatment for multiple myeloma. Blood 131:301–310CrossRef Facon T, Dimopoulos MA, Dispenzieri A, Catalano JV, Belch A, Cavo M, Pinto A, Weisel K, Ludwig H, Bahlis NJ, Banos A, Tiab M, Delforge M, Cavenagh JD, Geraldes C, Lee JJ, Chen C, Oriol A, De la Rubia J, White D, Binder D, Lu J, Anderson KC, Moreau P, Attal M, Perrot A, Arnulf B, Qiu L, Roussel M, Boyle E, Manier S, Mohty M, Avet-Loiseau H, Leleu X, Ervin-Haynes A, Chen G, Houck V, Benboubker L, Hulin C (2018) Final analysis of survival outcomes in the phase 3 FIRST trial of up-front treatment for multiple myeloma. Blood 131:301–310CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Facon T, Mary JY, Hulin C, Benboubker L, Attal M, Pegourie B, Renaud M, Harousseau JL, Guillerm G, Chaleteix C, Dib M, Voillat L, Maisonneuve H, Troncy J, Dorvaux V, Monconduit M, Martin C, Casassus P, Jaubert J, Jardel H, Doyen C, Kolb B, Anglaret B, Grosbois B, Yakoub-Agha I, Mathiot C, vet-Loiseau H (2007) Melphalan and prednisone plus thalidomide versus melphalan and prednisone alone or reduced-intensity autologous stem cell transplantation in elderly patients with multiple myeloma (IFM 99-06): a randomised trial. Lancet 370:1209–1218CrossRef Facon T, Mary JY, Hulin C, Benboubker L, Attal M, Pegourie B, Renaud M, Harousseau JL, Guillerm G, Chaleteix C, Dib M, Voillat L, Maisonneuve H, Troncy J, Dorvaux V, Monconduit M, Martin C, Casassus P, Jaubert J, Jardel H, Doyen C, Kolb B, Anglaret B, Grosbois B, Yakoub-Agha I, Mathiot C, vet-Loiseau H (2007) Melphalan and prednisone plus thalidomide versus melphalan and prednisone alone or reduced-intensity autologous stem cell transplantation in elderly patients with multiple myeloma (IFM 99-06): a randomised trial. Lancet 370:1209–1218CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Gahrton G, Tura S, Ljungman P, Belanger C, Brandt L, Cavo M, Facon T, Granena A, Gore M, Gratwohl A et al (1991) Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in multiple myeloma. European Group for Bone Marrow Transplantation. N Engl J Med 325:1267–1273CrossRef Gahrton G, Tura S, Ljungman P, Belanger C, Brandt L, Cavo M, Facon T, Granena A, Gore M, Gratwohl A et al (1991) Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in multiple myeloma. European Group for Bone Marrow Transplantation. N Engl J Med 325:1267–1273CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Gerull S, Goerner M, Benner A, Hegenbart U, Klein U, Schaefer H, Goldschmidt H, Ho AD (2005) Long-term outcome of nonmyeloablative allogeneic transplantation in patients with high-risk multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant 36:963–969CrossRef Gerull S, Goerner M, Benner A, Hegenbart U, Klein U, Schaefer H, Goldschmidt H, Ho AD (2005) Long-term outcome of nonmyeloablative allogeneic transplantation in patients with high-risk multiple myeloma. Bone Marrow Transplant 36:963–969CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Goldschmidt H, Lokhorst HM, Mai EK, van der Holt B, Blau IW, Zweegman S, Weisel KC, Vellenga E, Pfreundschuh M, Kersten MJ, Scheid C, Croockewit S, Raymakers R, Hose D, Potamianou A, Jauch A, Hillengass J, Stevens-Kroef M, Raab MS, Broijl A, Lindemann HW, Bos GMJ, Brossart P, van Marwijk Kooy M, Ypma P, Duehrsen U, Schaafsma RM, Bertsch U, Hielscher T, Jarari L, Salwender HJ, Sonneveld P (2017) Bortezomib before and after high-dose therapy in myeloma: long-term results from the phase III HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4 trial. Leukemia. https://doi.org/10.1038/leu.2017.211 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Goldschmidt H, Lokhorst HM, Mai EK, van der Holt B, Blau IW, Zweegman S, Weisel KC, Vellenga E, Pfreundschuh M, Kersten MJ, Scheid C, Croockewit S, Raymakers R, Hose D, Potamianou A, Jauch A, Hillengass J, Stevens-Kroef M, Raab MS, Broijl A, Lindemann HW, Bos GMJ, Brossart P, van Marwijk Kooy M, Ypma P, Duehrsen U, Schaafsma RM, Bertsch U, Hielscher T, Jarari L, Salwender HJ, Sonneveld P (2017) Bortezomib before and after high-dose therapy in myeloma: long-term results from the phase III HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4 trial. Leukemia. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1038/​leu.​2017.​211 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Harousseau JL, Attal M, Avet-Loiseau H, Marit G, Caillot D, Mohty M, Lenain P, Hulin C, Facon T, Casassus P, Michallet M, Maisonneuve H, Benboubker L, Maloisel F, Petillon MO, Webb I, Mathiot C, Moreau P (2010) Bortezomib plus dexamethasone is superior to vincristine plus doxorubicin plus dexamethasone as induction treatment prior to autologous stem-cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: results of the IFM 2005-01 phase III trial. J Clin Oncol 28:4621–4629CrossRef Harousseau JL, Attal M, Avet-Loiseau H, Marit G, Caillot D, Mohty M, Lenain P, Hulin C, Facon T, Casassus P, Michallet M, Maisonneuve H, Benboubker L, Maloisel F, Petillon MO, Webb I, Mathiot C, Moreau P (2010) Bortezomib plus dexamethasone is superior to vincristine plus doxorubicin plus dexamethasone as induction treatment prior to autologous stem-cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: results of the IFM 2005-01 phase III trial. J Clin Oncol 28:4621–4629CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Hulin C, Facon T, Rodon P, Pegourie B, Benboubker L, Doyen C, Dib M, Guillerm G, Salles B, Eschard JP, Lenain P, Casassus P, Azais I, Decaux O, Garderet L, Mathiot C, Fontan J, Lafon I, Virion JM, Moreau P (2009) Efficacy of melphalan and prednisone plus thalidomide in patients older than 75 years with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: IFM 01/01 trial. J Clin Oncol 27:3664–3670CrossRef Hulin C, Facon T, Rodon P, Pegourie B, Benboubker L, Doyen C, Dib M, Guillerm G, Salles B, Eschard JP, Lenain P, Casassus P, Azais I, Decaux O, Garderet L, Mathiot C, Fontan J, Lafon I, Virion JM, Moreau P (2009) Efficacy of melphalan and prednisone plus thalidomide in patients older than 75 years with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: IFM 01/01 trial. J Clin Oncol 27:3664–3670CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Laubach J, Garderet L, Mahindra A, Gahrton G, Caers J, Sezer O, Voorhees P, Leleu X, Johnsen HE, Streetly M, Jurczyszyn A, Ludwig H, Mellqvist UH, Chng WJ, Pilarski L, Einsele H, Hou J, Turesson I, Zamagni E, Chim CS, Mazumder A, Westin J, Lu J, Reiman T, Kristinsson S, Joshua D, Roussel M, O’Gorman P, Terpos E, McCarthy P, Dimopoulos M, Moreau P, Orlowski RZ, Miguel JS, Anderson KC, Palumbo A, Kumar S, Rajkumar V, Durie B, Richardson PG (2016) Management of relapsed multiple myeloma: recommendations of the International Myeloma Working Group. Leukemia 30:1005–1017CrossRef Laubach J, Garderet L, Mahindra A, Gahrton G, Caers J, Sezer O, Voorhees P, Leleu X, Johnsen HE, Streetly M, Jurczyszyn A, Ludwig H, Mellqvist UH, Chng WJ, Pilarski L, Einsele H, Hou J, Turesson I, Zamagni E, Chim CS, Mazumder A, Westin J, Lu J, Reiman T, Kristinsson S, Joshua D, Roussel M, O’Gorman P, Terpos E, McCarthy P, Dimopoulos M, Moreau P, Orlowski RZ, Miguel JS, Anderson KC, Palumbo A, Kumar S, Rajkumar V, Durie B, Richardson PG (2016) Management of relapsed multiple myeloma: recommendations of the International Myeloma Working Group. Leukemia 30:1005–1017CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Lokhorst HM, Schmidt-Wolf I, Sonneveld P, van der Holt B, Martin H, Barge R, Bertsch U, Schlenzka J, Bos GM, Croockewit S, Zweegman S, Breitkreuz I, Joosten P, Scheid C, van Marwijk-Kooy M, Salwender HJ, van Oers MH, Schaafsma R, Naumann R, Sinnige H, Blau I, Verhoef G, de Weerdt O, Wijermans P, Wittebol S, Duersen U, Vellenga E, Goldschmidt H (2008) Thalidomide in induction treatment increases the very good partial response rate before and after high-dose therapy in previously untreated multiple myeloma. Haematologica 93:124–127CrossRef Lokhorst HM, Schmidt-Wolf I, Sonneveld P, van der Holt B, Martin H, Barge R, Bertsch U, Schlenzka J, Bos GM, Croockewit S, Zweegman S, Breitkreuz I, Joosten P, Scheid C, van Marwijk-Kooy M, Salwender HJ, van Oers MH, Schaafsma R, Naumann R, Sinnige H, Blau I, Verhoef G, de Weerdt O, Wijermans P, Wittebol S, Duersen U, Vellenga E, Goldschmidt H (2008) Thalidomide in induction treatment increases the very good partial response rate before and after high-dose therapy in previously untreated multiple myeloma. Haematologica 93:124–127CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Lokhorst HM, van der Holt B, Zweegman S, Vellenga E, Croockewit S, van Oers MH, von dem Borne P, Wijermans P, Schaafsma R, de Weerdt O, Wittebol S, Delforge M, Berenschot H, Bos GM, Jie KS, Sinnige H, van Marwijk-Kooy M, Joosten P, Minnema MC, van Ammerlaan R, Sonneveld P, Dutch-Belgian Hemato-Oncology G (2010) A randomized phase 3 study on the effect of thalidomide combined with adriamycin, dexamethasone, and high-dose melphalan, followed by thalidomide maintenance in patients with multiple myeloma. Blood 115:1113–1120CrossRef Lokhorst HM, van der Holt B, Zweegman S, Vellenga E, Croockewit S, van Oers MH, von dem Borne P, Wijermans P, Schaafsma R, de Weerdt O, Wittebol S, Delforge M, Berenschot H, Bos GM, Jie KS, Sinnige H, van Marwijk-Kooy M, Joosten P, Minnema MC, van Ammerlaan R, Sonneveld P, Dutch-Belgian Hemato-Oncology G (2010) A randomized phase 3 study on the effect of thalidomide combined with adriamycin, dexamethasone, and high-dose melphalan, followed by thalidomide maintenance in patients with multiple myeloma. Blood 115:1113–1120CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Mai EK, Benner A, Bertsch U, Brossart P, Hanel A, Kunzmann V, Naumann R, Neben K, Egerer G, Ho AD, Hillengass J, Raab MS, Neubauer A, Peyn A, Ko YD, Peter N, Scheid C, Goldschmidt H (2016) Single versus tandem high-dose melphalan followed by autologous blood stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma: long-term results from the phase III GMMG-HD2 trial. Br J Haematol 173:731–741CrossRef Mai EK, Benner A, Bertsch U, Brossart P, Hanel A, Kunzmann V, Naumann R, Neben K, Egerer G, Ho AD, Hillengass J, Raab MS, Neubauer A, Peyn A, Ko YD, Peter N, Scheid C, Goldschmidt H (2016) Single versus tandem high-dose melphalan followed by autologous blood stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma: long-term results from the phase III GMMG-HD2 trial. Br J Haematol 173:731–741CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Mateos MV, Dimopoulos MA, Cavo M, Suzuki K, Jakubowiak A, Knop S, Doyen C, Lucio P, Nagy Z, Kaplan P, Pour L, Cook M, Grosicki S, Crepaldi A, Liberati AM, Campbell P, Shelekhova T, Yoon SS, Iosava G, Fujisaki T, Garg M, Chiu C, Wang J, Carson R, Crist W, Deraedt W, Nguyen H, Qi M, San-Miguel J (2018) Daratumumab plus Bortezomib, Melphalan, and Prednisone for untreated myeloma. N Engl J Med 378:518–528CrossRef Mateos MV, Dimopoulos MA, Cavo M, Suzuki K, Jakubowiak A, Knop S, Doyen C, Lucio P, Nagy Z, Kaplan P, Pour L, Cook M, Grosicki S, Crepaldi A, Liberati AM, Campbell P, Shelekhova T, Yoon SS, Iosava G, Fujisaki T, Garg M, Chiu C, Wang J, Carson R, Crist W, Deraedt W, Nguyen H, Qi M, San-Miguel J (2018) Daratumumab plus Bortezomib, Melphalan, and Prednisone for untreated myeloma. N Engl J Med 378:518–528CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Mateos MV, Oriol A, Martinez-Lopez J, Gutierrez N, Teruel AI, de Paz R, Garcia-Larana J, Bengoechea E, Martin A, Mediavilla JD, Palomera L, de Arriba F, Gonzalez Y, Hernandez JM, Sureda A, Bello JL, Bargay J, Penalver FJ, Ribera JM, Martin-Mateos ML, Garcia-Sanz R, Cibeira MT, Ramos ML, Vidriales MB, Paiva B, Montalban MA, Lahuerta JJ, Blade J, Miguel JF (2010) Bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone versus bortezomib, thalidomide, and prednisone as induction therapy followed by maintenance treatment with bortezomib and thalidomide versus bortezomib and prednisone in elderly patients with untreated multiple myeloma: a randomised trial. Lancet Oncol 11:934–941CrossRef Mateos MV, Oriol A, Martinez-Lopez J, Gutierrez N, Teruel AI, de Paz R, Garcia-Larana J, Bengoechea E, Martin A, Mediavilla JD, Palomera L, de Arriba F, Gonzalez Y, Hernandez JM, Sureda A, Bello JL, Bargay J, Penalver FJ, Ribera JM, Martin-Mateos ML, Garcia-Sanz R, Cibeira MT, Ramos ML, Vidriales MB, Paiva B, Montalban MA, Lahuerta JJ, Blade J, Miguel JF (2010) Bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone versus bortezomib, thalidomide, and prednisone as induction therapy followed by maintenance treatment with bortezomib and thalidomide versus bortezomib and prednisone in elderly patients with untreated multiple myeloma: a randomised trial. Lancet Oncol 11:934–941CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat McCarthy PL, Holstein SA, Petrucci MT, Richardson PG, Hulin C, Tosi P, Bringhen S, Musto P, Anderson KC, Caillot D, Gay F, Moreau P, Marit G, Jung SH, Yu Z, Winograd B, Knight RD, Palumbo A, Attal M (2017) Lenalidomide maintenance after autologous stem-cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol 35:3279–3289CrossRef McCarthy PL, Holstein SA, Petrucci MT, Richardson PG, Hulin C, Tosi P, Bringhen S, Musto P, Anderson KC, Caillot D, Gay F, Moreau P, Marit G, Jung SH, Yu Z, Winograd B, Knight RD, Palumbo A, Attal M (2017) Lenalidomide maintenance after autologous stem-cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol 35:3279–3289CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Moreau P, Garban F, Attal M, Michallet M, Marit G, Hulin C, Benboubker L, Doyen C, Mohty M, Yakoub-Agha I, Leyvraz S, Casassus P, Avet-Loiseau H, Garderet L, Mathiot C, Harousseau JL, Group IFM (2008) Long-term follow-up results of IFM99-03 and IFM99-04 trials comparing nonmyeloablative allotransplantation with autologous transplantation in high-risk de novo multiple myeloma. Blood 112:3914–3915CrossRef Moreau P, Garban F, Attal M, Michallet M, Marit G, Hulin C, Benboubker L, Doyen C, Mohty M, Yakoub-Agha I, Leyvraz S, Casassus P, Avet-Loiseau H, Garderet L, Mathiot C, Harousseau JL, Group IFM (2008) Long-term follow-up results of IFM99-03 and IFM99-04 trials comparing nonmyeloablative allotransplantation with autologous transplantation in high-risk de novo multiple myeloma. Blood 112:3914–3915CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Moreau P, Hulin C, Macro M, Caillot D, Chaleteix C, Roussel M, Garderet L, Royer B, Brechignac S, Tiab M, Puyade M, Escoffre M, Stoppa AM, Facon T, Pegourie B, Chaoui D, Jaccard A, Slama B, Marit G, Laribi K, Godmer P, Luycx O, Eisenmann JC, Allangba O, Dib M, Araujo C, Fontan J, Belhadj K, Wetterwald M, Dorvaux V, Fermand JP, Rodon P, Kolb B, Glaisner S, Malfuson JV, Lenain P, Biron L, Planche L, Caillon H, Avet-Loiseau H, Dejoie T, Attal M (2016) VTD is superior to VCD prior to intensive therapy in multiple myeloma: results of the prospective IFM2013-04 trial. Blood 127:2569–2574CrossRef Moreau P, Hulin C, Macro M, Caillot D, Chaleteix C, Roussel M, Garderet L, Royer B, Brechignac S, Tiab M, Puyade M, Escoffre M, Stoppa AM, Facon T, Pegourie B, Chaoui D, Jaccard A, Slama B, Marit G, Laribi K, Godmer P, Luycx O, Eisenmann JC, Allangba O, Dib M, Araujo C, Fontan J, Belhadj K, Wetterwald M, Dorvaux V, Fermand JP, Rodon P, Kolb B, Glaisner S, Malfuson JV, Lenain P, Biron L, Planche L, Caillon H, Avet-Loiseau H, Dejoie T, Attal M (2016) VTD is superior to VCD prior to intensive therapy in multiple myeloma: results of the prospective IFM2013-04 trial. Blood 127:2569–2574CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Palumbo A, Bringhen S, Liberati AM, Caravita T, Falcone A, Callea V, Montanaro M, Ria R, Capaldi A, Zambello R, Benevolo G, Derudas D, Dore F, Cavallo F, Gay F, Falco P, Ciccone G, Musto P, Cavo M, Boccadoro M (2008) Oral melphalan, prednisone, and thalidomide in elderly patients with multiple myeloma: updated results of a randomized controlled trial. Blood 112:3107–3114CrossRef Palumbo A, Bringhen S, Liberati AM, Caravita T, Falcone A, Callea V, Montanaro M, Ria R, Capaldi A, Zambello R, Benevolo G, Derudas D, Dore F, Cavallo F, Gay F, Falco P, Ciccone G, Musto P, Cavo M, Boccadoro M (2008) Oral melphalan, prednisone, and thalidomide in elderly patients with multiple myeloma: updated results of a randomized controlled trial. Blood 112:3107–3114CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Palumbo A, Cavallo F, Gay F, Di Raimondo F, Ben Yehuda D, Petrucci MT, Pezzatti S, Caravita T, Cerrato C, Ribakovsky E, Genuardi M, Cafro A, Marcatti M, Catalano L, Offidani M, Carella AM, Zamagni E, Patriarca F, Musto P, Evangelista A, Ciccone G, Omede P, Crippa C, Corradini P, Nagler A, Boccadoro M, Cavo M (2014) Autologous transplantation and maintenance therapy in multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 371:895–905CrossRef Palumbo A, Cavallo F, Gay F, Di Raimondo F, Ben Yehuda D, Petrucci MT, Pezzatti S, Caravita T, Cerrato C, Ribakovsky E, Genuardi M, Cafro A, Marcatti M, Catalano L, Offidani M, Carella AM, Zamagni E, Patriarca F, Musto P, Evangelista A, Ciccone G, Omede P, Crippa C, Corradini P, Nagler A, Boccadoro M, Cavo M (2014) Autologous transplantation and maintenance therapy in multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 371:895–905CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Palumbo A, Chanan-Khan A, Weisel K, Nooka AK, Masszi T, Beksac M, Spicka I, Hungria V, Munder M, Mateos MV, Mark TM, Qi M, Schecter J, Amin H, Qin X, Deraedt W, Ahmadi T, Spencer A, Sonneveld P (2016) Daratumumab, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 375:754–766CrossRef Palumbo A, Chanan-Khan A, Weisel K, Nooka AK, Masszi T, Beksac M, Spicka I, Hungria V, Munder M, Mateos MV, Mark TM, Qi M, Schecter J, Amin H, Qin X, Deraedt W, Ahmadi T, Spencer A, Sonneveld P (2016) Daratumumab, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 375:754–766CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Palumbo A, Hajek R, Delforge M, Kropff M, Petrucci MT, Catalano J, Gisslinger H, Wiktor-Jedrzejczak W, Zodelava M, Weisel K, Cascavilla N, Iosava G, Cavo M, Kloczko J, Blade J, Beksac M, Spicka I, Plesner T, Radke J, Langer C, Ben Yehuda D, Corso A, Herbein L, Yu Z, Mei J, Jacques C, Dimopoulos MA, Investigators MM (2012) Continuous lenalidomide treatment for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 366:1759–1769CrossRef Palumbo A, Hajek R, Delforge M, Kropff M, Petrucci MT, Catalano J, Gisslinger H, Wiktor-Jedrzejczak W, Zodelava M, Weisel K, Cascavilla N, Iosava G, Cavo M, Kloczko J, Blade J, Beksac M, Spicka I, Plesner T, Radke J, Langer C, Ben Yehuda D, Corso A, Herbein L, Yu Z, Mei J, Jacques C, Dimopoulos MA, Investigators MM (2012) Continuous lenalidomide treatment for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 366:1759–1769CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Rajkumar SV, Blood E, Vesole D, Fonseca R, Greipp PR (2006) Phase III clinical trial of thalidomide plus dexamethasone compared with dexamethasone alone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a clinical trial coordinated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol 24:431–436CrossRef Rajkumar SV, Blood E, Vesole D, Fonseca R, Greipp PR (2006) Phase III clinical trial of thalidomide plus dexamethasone compared with dexamethasone alone in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a clinical trial coordinated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol 24:431–436CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Rajkumar SV, Jacobus S, Callander NS, Fonseca R, Vesole DH, Williams ME, Abonour R, Siegel DS, Katz M, Greipp PR, Eastern Cooperative Oncology G (2010) Lenalidomide plus high-dose dexamethasone versus lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone as initial therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: an open-label randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 11:29–37CrossRef Rajkumar SV, Jacobus S, Callander NS, Fonseca R, Vesole DH, Williams ME, Abonour R, Siegel DS, Katz M, Greipp PR, Eastern Cooperative Oncology G (2010) Lenalidomide plus high-dose dexamethasone versus lenalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone as initial therapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: an open-label randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol 11:29–37CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Richardson PG, Weller E, Lonial S, Jakubowiak AJ, Jagannath S, Raje NS, Avigan DE, Xie W, Ghobrial IM, Schlossman RL, Mazumder A, Munshi NC, Vesole DH, Joyce R, Kaufman JL, Doss D, Warren DL, Lunde LE, Kaster S, Delaney C, Hideshima T, Mitsiades CS, Knight R, Esseltine DL, Anderson KC (2010) Lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone combination therapy in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-02-268862 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Richardson PG, Weller E, Lonial S, Jakubowiak AJ, Jagannath S, Raje NS, Avigan DE, Xie W, Ghobrial IM, Schlossman RL, Mazumder A, Munshi NC, Vesole DH, Joyce R, Kaufman JL, Doss D, Warren DL, Lunde LE, Kaster S, Delaney C, Hideshima T, Mitsiades CS, Knight R, Esseltine DL, Anderson KC (2010) Lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone combination therapy in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1182/​blood-2010-02-268862 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Rosinol L, Perez-Simon JA, Sureda A, de la Rubia J, de Arriba F, Lahuerta JJ, Gonzalez JD, Diaz-Mediavilla J, Hernandez B, Garcia-Frade J, Carrera D, Leon A, Hernandez M, Abellan PF, Bergua JM, San Miguel J, Blade J, Programa para el Estudio y la Terapeutica de las Hemopatias Malignas y Grupo Espanol de M (2008) A prospective PETHEMA study of tandem autologous transplantation versus autograft followed by reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood 112:3591–3593CrossRef Rosinol L, Perez-Simon JA, Sureda A, de la Rubia J, de Arriba F, Lahuerta JJ, Gonzalez JD, Diaz-Mediavilla J, Hernandez B, Garcia-Frade J, Carrera D, Leon A, Hernandez M, Abellan PF, Bergua JM, San Miguel J, Blade J, Programa para el Estudio y la Terapeutica de las Hemopatias Malignas y Grupo Espanol de M (2008) A prospective PETHEMA study of tandem autologous transplantation versus autograft followed by reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Blood 112:3591–3593CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Roussel M, Lauwers-Cances V, Robillard N, Hulin C, Leleu X, Benboubker L, Marit G, Moreau P, Pegourie B, Caillot D, Fruchart C, Stoppa AM, Gentil C, Wuilleme S, Huynh A, Hebraud B, Corre J, Chretien ML, Facon T, Avet-Loiseau H, Attal M (2014) Front-line transplantation program with lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone combination as induction and consolidation followed by lenalidomide maintenance in patients with multiple myeloma: a phase II study by the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome. J Clin Oncol 32:2712–2717CrossRef Roussel M, Lauwers-Cances V, Robillard N, Hulin C, Leleu X, Benboubker L, Marit G, Moreau P, Pegourie B, Caillot D, Fruchart C, Stoppa AM, Gentil C, Wuilleme S, Huynh A, Hebraud B, Corre J, Chretien ML, Facon T, Avet-Loiseau H, Attal M (2014) Front-line transplantation program with lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone combination as induction and consolidation followed by lenalidomide maintenance in patients with multiple myeloma: a phase II study by the Intergroupe Francophone du Myelome. J Clin Oncol 32:2712–2717CrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat San Miguel JF, Schlag R, Khuageva NK, Dimopoulos MA, Shpilberg O, Kropff M, Spicka I, Petrucci MT, Palumbo A, Samoilova OS, Dmoszynska A, Abdulkadyrov KM, Delforge M, Jiang B, Mateos MV, Anderson KC, Esseltine DL, Liu K, Deraedt W, Cakana A, van de Velde H, Richardson PG (2013) Persistent overall survival benefit and no increased risk of second malignancies with bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone versus melphalan-prednisone in patients with previously untreated multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol 31:448–455CrossRef San Miguel JF, Schlag R, Khuageva NK, Dimopoulos MA, Shpilberg O, Kropff M, Spicka I, Petrucci MT, Palumbo A, Samoilova OS, Dmoszynska A, Abdulkadyrov KM, Delforge M, Jiang B, Mateos MV, Anderson KC, Esseltine DL, Liu K, Deraedt W, Cakana A, van de Velde H, Richardson PG (2013) Persistent overall survival benefit and no increased risk of second malignancies with bortezomib-melphalan-prednisone versus melphalan-prednisone in patients with previously untreated multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol 31:448–455CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat San Miguel JF, Schlag R, Khuageva NK, Dimopoulos MA, Shpilberg O, Kropff M, Spicka I, Petrucci MT, Palumbo A, Samoilova OS, Dmoszynska A, Abdulkadyrov KM, Schots R, Jiang B, Mateos MV, Anderson KC, Esseltine DL, Liu K, Cakana A, van de Velde H, Richardson PG (2008) Bortezomib plus melphalan and prednisone for initial treatment of multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 359:906–917CrossRef San Miguel JF, Schlag R, Khuageva NK, Dimopoulos MA, Shpilberg O, Kropff M, Spicka I, Petrucci MT, Palumbo A, Samoilova OS, Dmoszynska A, Abdulkadyrov KM, Schots R, Jiang B, Mateos MV, Anderson KC, Esseltine DL, Liu K, Cakana A, van de Velde H, Richardson PG (2008) Bortezomib plus melphalan and prednisone for initial treatment of multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med 359:906–917CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Sonneveld P, Schmidt-Wolf IG, van der Holt B, El Jarari L, Bertsch U, Salwender H, Zweegman S, Vellenga E, Broyl A, Blau IW, Weisel KC, Wittebol S, Bos GM, Stevens-Kroef M, Scheid C, Pfreundschuh M, Hose D, Jauch A, van der Velde H, Raymakers R, Schaafsma MR, Kersten MJ, van Marwijk-Kooy M, Duehrsen U, Lindemann W, Wijermans PW, Lokhorst HM, Goldschmidt HM (2012) Bortezomib induction and maintenance treatment in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: results of the randomized phase III HOVON-65/ GMMG-HD4 trial. J Clin Oncol 30:2946–2955CrossRef Sonneveld P, Schmidt-Wolf IG, van der Holt B, El Jarari L, Bertsch U, Salwender H, Zweegman S, Vellenga E, Broyl A, Blau IW, Weisel KC, Wittebol S, Bos GM, Stevens-Kroef M, Scheid C, Pfreundschuh M, Hose D, Jauch A, van der Velde H, Raymakers R, Schaafsma MR, Kersten MJ, van Marwijk-Kooy M, Duehrsen U, Lindemann W, Wijermans PW, Lokhorst HM, Goldschmidt HM (2012) Bortezomib induction and maintenance treatment in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: results of the randomized phase III HOVON-65/ GMMG-HD4 trial. J Clin Oncol 30:2946–2955CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Testoni N, Marzocchi G, Pantani L, Ameli G, Dozza L, Gay F, Petrucci MT, Di Raimondo F, Patriarca F, Galli M, Montefusco V, Gamberi B, Crippa C, Vincelli DI, Offidani M, Terragna C, Mancuso K, Rocchi S, Sonneveld P, Boccadoro M, Cavo M (2017) High-risk cytogenetics in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: prognostic relevance of co-segregations and analysis of the role of double versus single autotransplantation. Blood 130:394–394 Testoni N, Marzocchi G, Pantani L, Ameli G, Dozza L, Gay F, Petrucci MT, Di Raimondo F, Patriarca F, Galli M, Montefusco V, Gamberi B, Crippa C, Vincelli DI, Offidani M, Terragna C, Mancuso K, Rocchi S, Sonneveld P, Boccadoro M, Cavo M (2017) High-risk cytogenetics in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: prognostic relevance of co-segregations and analysis of the role of double versus single autotransplantation. Blood 130:394–394
Metadaten
Titel
Primärtherapie beim Multiplen Myelom
verfasst von
Dr. I. Breitkreutz
Prof. M. Raab
Prof. H. Goldschmidt
Publikationsdatum
14.12.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Innere Medizin / Ausgabe 1/2019
Print ISSN: 2731-7080
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7099
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-018-0527-x

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2019

Der Internist 1/2019 Zur Ausgabe

Einführung zum Thema

Multiples Myelom

Mitteilungen des BDI

Mitteilungen des BDI

Leitlinien kompakt für die Innere Medizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Update Innere Medizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.