Introduction
Methods
Study population
IVUS-VH acquisition
Bifurcation analysis
Plaque type classification
Statistical analysis
Results
Baseline characteristics
Patients characteristics | Number of patients |
---|---|
Age | 65.52 ± 8.01 |
Men | 9 (75%) |
Hypertension | 4 (33%) |
Hypercholesterolemia | 11 (92%) |
Diabetes | 0 (0%) |
Smoking | 0 (0%) |
Previous MI | 4 (33%) |
Previous PCI | 2 (17%) |
Clinical presentation
| |
Stable angina | 10 (83%) |
Unstable angina | 1 (8%) |
Silent ischemia | 0 (0%) |
Treated vessel
| |
LAD | 7 (58%) |
LCX | 3 (25%) |
RCA | 2 (17%) |
Medications
| |
Beta-blockers | 6 (50%) |
ACE inhibitors/ARBs | 5 (41%) |
Statins | 12 (100%) |
Calcium-channel blocker | 3 (25%) |
Geometrical and compositional analysis of the IVUS derived measurements
Variable | Baseline | 2 years follow-up | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Vessel CSA (mm
2
)
| |||
Distal | 12.94 ± 4.35 | 13.22 ± 4.36 | 0.27 |
In-bifurcation | 14.96 ± 5.65 | 15.11 ± 5.78 | 0.33 |
Proximal | 15.22 ± 5.99 | 15.23 ± 5.89 | 0.80 |
Lumen CSA (mm
2
)
| |||
Distal | 7.89 ± 3.16 | 8.16 ± 2.80 | 0.20 |
In-bifurcation | 10.02 ± 4.35 | 10.25 ± 4.40 | 0.28 |
Proximal | 9.05 ± 4.06 | 9.34 ± 4.25 | 0.25 |
Plaque CSA (mm
2
)
| |||
Distal | 5.05 ± 3.19 | 5.05 ± 3.36 | 0.58 |
In-bifurcation | 4.93 ± 2.93 | 4.90 ± 3.17 | 0.98 |
Proximal | 6.18 ± 3.48 | 5.87 ± 3.33 | 0.12 |
Plaque burden (%)
| |||
Distal | 37.54 ± 14.21 | 36.36 ± 14.20 | 0.23 |
In-bifurcation | 32.63 ± 12.60 | 31.74 ± 12.71 | 0.41 |
Proximal | 39.43 ± 13.70 | 38.11 ± 14.35 | 0.25 |
DC CSA (mm
2
)
| |||
Distal | 0.37 ± 0.80 | 0.33 ± 0.63 | 0.84 |
In-bifurcation | 0.28 ± 0.55 | 0.32 ± 0.59 | 0.25 |
Proximal | 0.30 ± 0.50 | 0.30 ± 0.51 | 0.46 |
DC (%)
| |||
Distal | 11.86 ± 21.49 | 9.40 ± 13.28 | 0.93 |
In-bifurcation | 15.61 ± 22.30 | 14.04 ± 18.14 | 0.86 |
Proximal | 10.66 ± 18.39 | 9.84 ± 15.56 | 0.87 |
NC CSA (mm
2
)
| |||
Distal | 0.42 ± 0.72 | 0.49 ± 0.90 | 0.44 |
In-bifurcation | 0.38 ± 0.58 | 0.43 ± 0.82 | 0.48 |
Proximal | 0.51 ± 0.71 | 0.55 ± 0.79 | 0.84 |
NC (%)
| |||
Distal | 11.00 ± 13.18 | 12.94 ± 16.25 | 0.51 |
In-bifurcation | 13.63 ± 11.04 | 15.66 ± 12.83 | 0.36 |
Proximal | 13.69 ± 11.17 | 15.08 ± 13.05 | 0.31 |
Fibrofatty CSA (mm
2
)
| |||
Distal | 0.19 ± 0.37 | 0.26 ± 0.76 | 0.97 |
In-bifurcation | 0.32 ± 0.69 | 0.28 ± 0.75 | 0.23 |
Proximal | 0.32 ± 0.52 | 0.32 ± 0.74 | 0.53 |
Fibrofatty tissue (%)
| |||
Distal | 5.41 ± 8.65 | 6.32 ± 15.03 | 0.85 |
In-bifurcation | 8.42 ± 12.82 | 6.48 ± 11.42 | 0.39 |
Proximal | 8.68 ± 10.25 | 9.09 ± 13.95 | 0.60 |
Fibrotic CSA (mm
2
)
| |||
Distal | 0.94 ± 1.41 | 0.78 ± 1.25 | 0.26 |
In-bifurcation | 1.05 ± 1.27 | 0.93 ± 1.32 | 0.26 |
Proximal | 1.62 ± 1.70 | 1.21 ± 1.43 | 0.01 |
Fibrotic tissue (%)
| |||
Distal | 28.39 ± 30.79 | 21.38 ± 24.45 | 0.13 |
In-bifurcation | 35.44 ± 27.72 | 37.20 ± 26.75 | 0.82 |
Proximal | 46.28 ± 28.32 | 38.33 ± 28.77 | 0.10 |
Distribution of IVUS-VH-derived plaque types at the three bifurcation regions
Non-NC-rich plaques | NC-rich plaques | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Segment | AIT | PIT | FC | FT | CaFA | FA | CaTCFA | TCFA | Plaque risk index* |
Distal rim,BL | 18 (60) | 1 (3.3) | 3 (10) | 2 (6.7) | 4 (13.3) | 1 (3.3) | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 6/24 = 0.25 |
Distal rim, 2y | 19 (63.3) | 0 (0) | 3 (10) | 1 (3.3) | 6 (20) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 7/23 = 0.30 |
In- bifurcation, BL | 21 (70) | 0 (0) | 5 (16.7) | 1 (3.3) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3/27 = 0.11 |
In- bifurcation, 2y | 24 (80) | 0 (0) | 4 (13.3) | 0 (0) | 2 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2/28 = 0.07 |
Proximal rim, BL | 17 (56.7) | 1 (3.3) | 3 (10) | 3 (10) | 2 (6.7) | 0 (0) | 2 (6.7) | 1 (3.3) | 5/24 = 0.21 |
Proximal rim, 2y | 17 (58.6) | 1 (3.4) | 2 (6.9) | 2 (6.9) | 4 (13.8) | 0 (0) | 3 (10.3) | 0 (0) | 7/22 = 0.32 |