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2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

23. Atopische Dermatitis

verfasst von : T. Werfel, Prof. Dr. med.

Erschienen in: Allergologie

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Die AD ist eine chronisch-rezidivierende, meist stark juckende Hauterkrankung altersabhängig unterschiedlicher Ausprägung. In den letzten Jahrzehnten kam es zu einem deutlichen Anstieg der AD um das 4- bis 8-Fache. Sowohl genetische Faktoren (mit der Folge von Hautbarrieredefekten und eines gestörten angeborenen und adaptiven Immunsystems) als auch Auslösefaktoren spielen für die Erstmanifestation und das spätere Auftreten von Erkrankungsschüben eine wichtige Rolle. Das klinische Bild ist je nach Stadium der individuellen Hautläsionen und Lebensalter verschieden. Der Juckreiz bestimmt den Leidensdruck, auch die Stigmatisierung und die hohe Rate von Superinfektionen der Haut mindert bei vielen Patienten die Lebensqualität. Beim Management werden individuelle Triggerfaktoren wie Allergene, Hautirritanzien, mikrobielle Erreger oder psychologische Faktoren und deren Meidung der 1. Stufe zugeordnet. Die nächsten beiden Stufen beinhalten die konsequente antiinflammatorische Behandlung mit topischen Kortikosteroiden oder Calcineurininhibitoren. In der 4. Stufe kommen bei sehr schwer ausgeprägter AD antiinflammatorische Systemtherapien zum Einsatz.
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Metadaten
Titel
Atopische Dermatitis
verfasst von
T. Werfel, Prof. Dr. med.
Copyright-Jahr
2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37203-2_23

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