Background
Methods
Patient enrollment
Coronary angiography
PWA
Statistical analyses
Results
Baseline characteristics
PCI group | Non-PCI group | p | |
---|---|---|---|
n = 73 (%) | n = 159 (%) | ||
Male | 50 (68.5) | 97 (61.0) | 0.306 |
Age (years) | 64.8 ± 10.3 | 59.6 ± 13.1 | 0.001 |
Height (cm) | 163.8 ± 7.7 | 163.0 ± 8.5 | 0.486 |
Body weight (Kg) | 66.9 ± 11.4 | 68.2 ± 11.4 | 0.442 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.8 ± 3.5 | 25.6 ± 3.2 | 0.085 |
Brachial systolic pressure (mmHg) | 148.9 ± 22.4 | 144.1 ± 22.6 | 0.135 |
Brachial diastolic pressure (mmHg) | 87.0 ± 11.0 | 85.1 ± 10.5 | 0.203 |
Brachial pulse pressure (mmHg) | 61.8 ± 17.6 | 58.7 ± 17.6 | 0.216 |
CVD risk points | 18.6 ± 4.0 | 14.9 ± 5.4 | <0.001* |
10-year estimate of CVD risk (%) | 25.3 ± 6.5 | 18.8 ± 10.2 | <0.001* |
Diabetes | 20 (27.4) | 33 (20.8) | 0.312 |
Hypertension | 53 (72.6) | 78 (49.1) | 0.001 |
Hyperlipidemia | 34 (46.6) | 46 (28.9) | 0.011 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 181.1 ± 45.6 | 185.9 ± 54.0 | 0.513 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 41.0 ± 11.2 | 46.0 ± 12.3 | 0.002* |
Smoking | 24 (32.9) | 40 (25.2) | 0.268 |
Left ventricular ejection fraction (n = 111) | 59.0 ± 14.5 | 65.3 ± 10.1 | 0.036 |
Central pulse pressure (mmHg) | 53.4 ± 17.1 | 49.4 ± 18.0 | 0.110 |
Augmented pressure (mmHg) | 20.3 ± 9.5 | 16.9 ± 8.8 | 0.009 |
Augmentation index (%) | 36.5 ± 9.3 | 32.5 ± 10.0 | 0.004 |
Augmentation index @75 (%) | 31.6 ± 8.5 | 27.2 ± 9.0 | 0.006** |
PWA
Non-PCI group | PCI group | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Multiple regression | Multiple regression | |||||||
ρ | p | r2 | p | ρ | p | r2 | p | |
0.396 | <0.001 | 0.488 | <0.001 | |||||
β | p | β | p | |||||
Age | 0.383 | <0.001 | 0.250 | <0.001 | 0.473 | <0.001 | 0.282 | 0.014 |
Male | −4.333 | 0.029 | −5.691 | 0.043 | ||||
BPP (mmHg) | 0.223 | 0.005 | 0.156 | 0.346 | 0.378 | <0.001 | 0.071 | 0.243 |
BSBP (mmHg) | 0.241 | 0.002 | −0.145 | 0.323 | 0.261 | 0.026 | 0.106 | 0.263 |
BDBP (mmHg) | 0.149 | 0.061 | 0.387 | 0.009 | −0.079 | 0.507 | 0.006 | 0.796 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | −0.026 | 0.748 | 0.005 | 0.718 | 0.067 | 0.578 | 0.039 | 0.648 |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 0.150 | 0.071 | 0.03 | 0.608 | −0.077 | 0.528 | −0.310 | 0.057 |
Height (m) | −0.359 | <0.001 | −0.17 | 0.141 | −0.514 | <0.001 | −0.193 | 0.470 |
BMI (kg/m2) | −0.178 | 0.025 | −0.429 | 0.056 | −0.081 | 0.497 | −0.938 | 0.692 |
Hypertension | 2.61 | 0.089 | 3.538 | 0.097 | ||||
Diabetes | −3.161 | 0.067 | 0.043 | 0.983 | ||||
Smoking | −2.294 | 0.146 | 6.142 | 0.007 |
Analysis of correlation between VH-IVUS and AIx@75
Augmentation index @ 75 | ||
---|---|---|
rho* | p | |
EEM area (mm2) | −0.288 | 0.219 |
Minimal luminal area (mm2) | −0.559 | 0.010 |
Plaque and medial area (mm2) | −0.156 | 0.511 |
Fibrous volume (mm3) | 0.371 | 0.107 |
Fibro-fatty volume (mm3) | 0.141 | 0.553 |
Necrotic-core volume (mm3) | 0.283 | 0.226 |
Dense calcium volume (mm3) | 0.437 | 0.054 |
Fibrous volume composition (%) | −0.046 | 0.847 |
Fibro-fatty volume composition (%) | −0.163 | 0.493 |
Necrotic-core volume composition (%) | 0.107 | 0.655 |
Dense calcium volume composition (%) | 0.418 | 0.067 |
Cardiovascular risk points and AIx@75
Variable | B | p | Odds ratio | 95 % CI | B | p | Odds ratio | 95 % CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 0.038 | 0.052 | 1.039 | 1.000-1.080 | ||||
Male | −0.345 | 0.420 | 0.708 | 0.306-1.638 | ||||
BSBP (mmHg) | −0.034 | 0.846 | 0.967 | 0.688-1.359 | ||||
BDBP (mmHg) | 0.071 | 0.685 | 1.073 | 0.763-1.508 | ||||
BPP (mmHg) | 0.024 | 0.892 | 1.024 | 0.727-1.442 | ||||
BMI (kg/m2) | −0.132 | 0.022 | 0.876 | 0.783-0.981 | −0.116 | 0.025* | 0.891 | 0.805-0.985 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 0.004 | 0.27 | 1.004 | 0.997-1.010 | ||||
HDL (mg/dL) | −0.043 | 0.006 | 0.958 | 0.929-0.988 | −0.038 | 0.006* | 0.963 | 0.937-0.989 |
Hypertension | −0.753 | 0.055 | 0.471 | 0.218-1.016 | −0.905 | 0.009* | 0.404 | 0.204-0.800 |
Diabetes | −0.137 | 0.725 | 0.872 | 0.407-1.869 | ||||
Smoking | 0.358 | 0.390 | 1.431 | 0.632-3.237 | ||||
Augmentation index @75 (%) | 0.040 | 0.092 | 1.041 | 0.994-1.090 | 0.047 | 0.015* | 1.048 | 1.009-1.088 |