Background
Methods
Family/Genus (species) | FDA | CLSI | EUCAST | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Doripenem | Imipenem/Meropenem | Doripenem/Imipenem/Meropenem* | Doripenem | Imipenem | Meropenem | |||||||||||||
S | I | R | S | I | R | S | I | R | S | I | R | S | I | R | S | I | R | |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
| ≤ 2 | - | - | ≤ 4 | 8 | ≥ 16 | ≤ 4 | 8 | ≥ 16 | ≤ 1 | 2-4 | ≥ 8 | ≤ 4 | 8 | ≥ 16 | ≤ 2 | 4-8 | ≥ 16 |
Enterobacteriaceae
| ≤ 0.5 | - | - | ≤ 4 | 8 | ≥ 16 | ≤ 1 | 2 | ≥ 4 | ≤ 1 | 2-4 | ≥ 8 | ≤ 2 | 4-8 | ≥ 16 | ≤ 2 | 4-8 | ≥ 16 |
Acinetobacter spp. | ≤ 1 | - | - | ≤ 4 | 8 | ≥ 16 | ≤ 4 | 8 | ≥ 16 | ≤ 1 | 2-4 | ≥ 8 | ≤ 2 | 4-8 | ≥ 16 | ≤ 2 | 4-8 | ≥ 16 |
Results
Number of Isolates | Gender | Age Group | Location | Infection Type | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Species | F | M | 0 to 2 yrs | 3 to 5 yrs | 6 to 17 yrs | 18 to 64 yrs | > 64 yrs | ICU | Non-ICU | BSI | cIAI | NP |
Acinetobacter baumannii
| 21 | 32 | 2 | 36 | 15 | 41 | 12 | 21 | 6 | 26 | ||
Acinetobacter haemolyticus
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Acinetobacter junii/johnsonii
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | ||||||
Acinetobacter lwoffii
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Citrobacter freundii
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Enterobacter aerogenes
| 3 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | |||
Enterobacter cloacae
| 2 | 7 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 1 | ||
Escherichia coli
| 52 | 63 | 3 | 1 | 5 | 54 | 52 | 39 | 76 | 70 | 32 | 13 |
Klebsiella oxytoca
| 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | ||
Klebsiella pneumoniae
| 33 | 51 | 5 | 1 | 42 | 36 | 47 | 37 | 38 | 9 | 37 | |
Kluyvera sp. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | |||||
Morganella morganii
| 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | ||||
Pantoea sp. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Proteus mirabilis
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
| 113 | 180 | 18 | 3 | 7 | 168 | 97 | 160 | 133 | 90 | 40 | 163 |
Pseudomonas putida
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | |||||
Pseudomonas stutzeri
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Raoultella terrigena
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Serratia marcescens
| 2 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 7 | 1 | |||
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Total | 238 | 358 | 29 | 4 | 18 | 330 | 215 | 309 | 287 | 241 | 102 | 253 |
Number of Isolates | Source of Isolation | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Species | Pulmonary Samples | Peritoneal Fluid | Blood | Others | Grand Total |
Acinetobacter baumannii
| 26 | 21 | 6 | 53 | |
Acinetobacter haemolyticus
| 1 | 1 | |||
Acinetobacter junii/johnsonii
| 1 | 2 | 3 | ||
Acinetobacter lwoffii
| 1 | 1 | |||
Citrobacter freundii
| 1 | 1 | |||
Enterobacter aerogenes
| 6 | 1 | 2 | 9 | |
Enterobacter cloacae
| 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 9 |
Escherichia coli
| 13 | 1 | 72 | 29 | 115 |
Klebsiella oxytoca
| 2 | 3 | 5 | ||
Klebsiella pneumoniae
| 37 | 39 | 8 | 84 | |
Kluyvera sp. | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
Morganella morganii
| 2 | 1 | 3 | ||
Pantoea sp. | 1 | 1 | |||
Proteus mirabilis
| 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
| 161 | 1 | 91 | 40 | 293 |
Pseudomonas putida
| 1 | 2 | 3 | ||
Pseudomonas stutzeri
| 1 | 1 | |||
Raoultella terrigena
| 1 | 1 | |||
Serratia marcescens
| 1 | 7 | 8 | ||
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
| 1 | 1 | |||
Total | 251 | 3 | 245 | 97 | 596 |
Turkey | N | MIC (mg/L) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Minimum | 50% | 90% | Maximum | ||
All pathogens
| 596 | ||||
Doripenem | 0.008 | 0.12 | 32 | ≥ 64 | |
Imipenem | 0.06 | 1 | ≥ 64 | ≥ 64 | |
Meropenem | 0.008 | 0.25 | ≥ 64 | ≥ 64 | |
Pseudomonas
spp. | 297 | ||||
Doripenem | 0.03 | 1 | 32 | ≥ 64 | |
Imipenem | 0.12 | 4 | ≥ 64 | ≥ 64 | |
Meropenem | 0.03 | 1 | ≥ 64 | ≥ 64 | |
Enterobacteriaceae
| 240 | ||||
Doripenem | 0.008 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 32 | |
Imipenem | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.5 | ≥ 64 | |
Meropenem | 0.008 | 0.03 | 0.12 | ≥ 64 | |
Other Gram negatives
| 59 | ||||
Doripenem | 0.03 | 8 | ≥ 64 | ≥ 64 | |
Imipenem | 0.06 | 32 | ≥ 64 | ≥ 64 | |
Meropenem | 0.06 | 32 | ≥ 64 | ≥ 64 |
Number of isolates | Doripenem E-test MIC (mg/L) | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Species | 0.008 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.5 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 | 32 | > 32 | Grand Total |
Acinetobacter baumannii
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 3 | 7 | 18 | 53 | ||||
Acinetobacter haemolyticus
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Acinetobacter junii/johnsonii
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||||
Acinetobacter lwoffii
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Citrobacter freundii
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Enterobacter aerogenes
| 3 | 4 | 2 | 9 | |||||||||||
Enterobacter cloacae
| 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 9 | ||||||||||
Escherichia coli
| 9 | 59 | 37 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 115 | |||||||
Klebsiella oxytoca
| 3 | 2 | 5 | ||||||||||||
Klebsiella pneumoniae
| 2 | 27 | 35 | 10 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 84 | |||
Kluyvera sp. | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Morganella morganii
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||||
Pantoea sp. | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Proteus mirabilis
| 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
| 6 | 19 | 53 | 37 | 29 | 22 | 22 | 28 | 30 | 13 | 13 | 21 | 293 | ||
Pseudomonas putida
| 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Pseudomonas stutzeri
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Raoultella terrigena
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Serratia marcescens
| 4 | 1 | 3 | 8 | |||||||||||
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Grand Total | 12 | 95 | 96 | 38 | 64 | 47 | 33 | 29 | 28 | 38 | 38 | 17 | 21 | 40 | 596 |
Number of isolates | Imipenem E-test MIC (mg/L) | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Species | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.5 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 | 32 | > 32 | Grand Total |
Acinetobacter baumannii
| 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 15 | 24 | 53 | |||
Acinetobacter haemolyticus
| 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Acinetobacter junii/johnsonii
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |||||||||
Acinetobacter lwoffii
| 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Citrobacter freundii
| 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Enterobacter aerogenes
| 1 | 5 | 3 | 9 | ||||||||
Enterobacter cloacae
| 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 9 | |||||||
Escherichia coli
| 36 | 69 | 9 | 1 | 115 | |||||||
Klebsiella oxytoca
| 1 | 3 | 1 | 5 | ||||||||
Klebsiella pneumoniae
| 26 | 44 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 84 | |||
Kluyvera sp. | 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||
Morganella morganii
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |||||||||
Pantoea sp. | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Proteus mirabilis
| 1 | 1 | 2 | |||||||||
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
| 2 | 22 | 70 | 45 | 17 | 12 | 22 | 47 | 56 | 293 | ||
Pseudomonas putida
| 1 | 2 | 3 | |||||||||
Pseudomonas stutzeri
| 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Raoultella terrigena
| 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Serratia marcescens
| 4 | 4 | 8 | |||||||||
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
| 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
Grand Total | 1 | 68 | 135 | 51 | 82 | 52 | 23 | 14 | 23 | 65 | 82 | 596 |
Number of isolates | Meropenem E-test MIC (mg/L) | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Species | 0.008 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.5 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 | 32 | > 32 | Grand Total |
Acinetobacter baumannii
| 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 21 | 53 | |||||
Acinetobacter haemolyticus
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Acinetobacter junii/johnsonii
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||||
Acinetobacter lwoffii
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Citrobacter freundii
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Enterobacter aerogenes
| 3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 9 | ||||||||||
Enterobacter cloacae
| 1 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 9 | ||||||||||
Escherichia coli
| 3 | 50 | 39 | 16 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 115 | |||||||
Klebsiella oxytoca
| 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | |||||||||||
Klebsiella pneumoniae
| 1 | 20 | 32 | 18 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 84 | |||
Kluyvera sp. | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Morganella morganii
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||||
Pantoea sp. | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Proteus mirabilis
| 1 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
| 3 | 12 | 40 | 38 | 31 | 23 | 16 | 20 | 27 | 9 | 31 | 43 | 293 | ||
Pseudomonas putida
| 2 | 1 | 3 | ||||||||||||
Pseudomonas stutzeri
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Raoultella terrigena
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Serratia marcescens
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 8 | |||||||||
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
| 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Grand Total | 5 | 79 | 91 | 54 | 53 | 45 | 36 | 30 | 23 | 26 | 32 | 15 | 41 | 66 | 596 |
Turkey | N | Percentage of isolates | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Susceptible | Intermediate | Resistant | ||
All pathogens
| 596 | |||
Doripenem | 69.5 | 11.1 | 19.5 | |
Imipenem | 68.1 | 3.4 | 28.5 | |
Meropenem | 69.8 | 9.7 | 20.5 | |
Pseudomonas
spp. | 297 | |||
Doripenem | 56.6 | 17.5 | 25.9 | |
Imipenem | 53.9 | 4.0 | 42.1 | |
Meropenem | 56.2 | 15.8 | 28.0 | |
Enterobacteriaceae
| 240 | |||
Doripenem | 97.9 | 0.8 | 1.3 | |
Imipenem | 97.9 | 0.8 | 1.3 | |
Meropenem | 98.3 | 0.4 | 1.3 | |
Other Gram negatives
| 59 | |||
Doripenem | 18.6 | 20.3 | 61.0 | |
Imipenem | 18.6 | 10.2 | 71.2 | |
Meropenem | 22.0 | 17.0 | 61.0 |