Background
Methods
Participants/x-rays
Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
---|---|
• DPR at the time of the study not older than 12 months | • Metallic foreign bodies in the head region, e.g. earrings or piercings |
• Standardized setting of the x-ray equipment: chin support, bite bar, voltage (70 kV) and current (9 mA) | • Asymmetrical positioning of the patient |
• False positioning of the patient’s head | |
• Improper presentation of the jaws and the teeth | |
• Comparable/good image quality: (no film overexposure and no soiling of the film) | • recognizable movement of the patient while the picture was being taken |
• Presentation of jaws and teeth distortion-free as much as possible | • overlaying effects |
Clinical examination
Radiographic examination
Statistical analysis
Results
Participants
Clinical examination
*Parameter for findings | Clinical findings (n = 8800)/[%]) | X-ray findings (n = 8800/[%]) | Number of accordance [%] | Significance level (p value) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Missing teeth
| 1007 (11.4) | 1011 (11.5) | 996 (99.6) | n.s. |
Healthy teeth
| 4650 (52.8) | 4858 (55.2) | 4587 (95.7) | n.s. |
Carious teeth
| 318 (3.61) | 212 (2.41) | 176 (66.6) | p < 0.05 |
Tooth sufficiently filled
| 1978 (22.5) | 2009 (22.8) | 1873 (98.5) | n.s. |
Tooth insufficiently filled
| 125 (1.42) | 116 (1.32) | 71 (92.8) | p < 0.05 |
Tooth sufficiently prosthetically treated
| 446 (5.07) | 429 (4.88) | 425 (96.2) | n.s. |
Tooth insufficiently prosthetically treated
| 3 (0.003) | 16 (0.018) | 3 (18.8) | p < 0.05 |
Implant
| 16 (0.018) | 16 (0.018) | 16 (100.0) | n.s. |
Combination (restoration and carious)
| 136 (1.55) | 133 (1.51) | 91 (97.8) | n.s. |
Clinically: suspected caries
| 121 (1.38) | -- | -- | -- |
Radiographic examination
Type of additional findings | Number of additional findings [%] | ||
---|---|---|---|
Endodontic (n = 8800)
|
Total
|
259 (2.9%)
| |
sufficient | 184 (71%) | ||
insufficient | 1 insufficiently filled | 42 (16%) | |
2 insufficient homogeneity | 2 (1%) | ||
3 over-filled | 5 (2%) | ||
4 coronal leakage | 11 (4%) | ||
combination of 1 - 4 | 15 (6%) | ||
Periapical region (n = 8800)
|
Total
|
145 (1.7%)
| |
periodontal ligament space widened | 54 (37%) | ||
periapical change | 4 (3%) | ||
apical raduiolucency | teeth with RCF | 72 (50%) | |
teeth without RCF | 15 (10%) | ||
Other (n = 8800)
|
Total
|
171 (1.9%)
| |
impacted or ectopic teeth | 132 (77%) | ||
root residue | 3 (2%) | ||
root-tip-resection | 31 (18%) | ||
shadowing of the maxillary sinus | 5 (3%) |
Comparison of clinical and radiographic findings
C | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | Total | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R
| ||||||||||||
0
|
996
| 7 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1011 | |
11.3%
| 0.08% | 0.05% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.05% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 11.5% | ||
1
| 7 |
4587
| 130 | 18 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 111 | 4858 | |
0.08% |
52.1%
| 1.48% | 0.20% | 0.02% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.03% | 1.26% | 55.2% | ||
2
| 0 | 23 |
176
| 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 212 | |
0.00% | 0.26% |
2.0%
| 0.06% | 0.01% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.08% | 2.41% | ||
3
| 1 | 29 | 5 |
1873
| 51 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 41 | 3 | 2009 | |
0.01% | 0.33% | 0.06% |
21.3%
| 0.58% | 0.07% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.47% | 0.03% | 22.8% | ||
4
| 0 | 2 | 0 | 43 |
71
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 116 | |
0.00% | 0.02% | 0.00% | 0.49% |
0.81%
| 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 1.32% | ||
5
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
425
| 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 429 | |
0.01% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.02% | 0.00% |
4.83%
| 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.01% | 0.00% | 4.88% | ||
6
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 11 |
3
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | |
0.01% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.01% | 0.00% | 0.13% |
0.03%
| 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.18% | ||
7
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
16
| 0 | 0 | 16 | |
0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
0.18%
| 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.18% | ||
8
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 36 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
91
| 0 | 133 | |
0.01% | 0.02% | 0.03% | 0.41% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
1.03%
| 0.00% | 1.51% | ||
Total
| 1007 | 4650 | 318 | 1978 | 125 | 446 | 3 | 16 | 136 | 121 | 8800 | |
11.4% | 52.8% | 3.61% | 22.5% | 1.42% | 5.07% | 0.03% | 0.18% | 1.55% | 1.38% | 100% |